Hurry, hurry! The high mountains of the Analects and all the translations and key words that know wh

Proverbs of the World: Reading and Interpreting the Analects - Knowing that it cannot be done.

Original text] Zilu stayed in Shimen. Chenmen said: "Xi Zi? Zilu said: "From Kong's." He said: "Is it the one who knows that he can't do it?" ”

Note: The outer gate of the capital of the Lu Kingdom. Morning Gate: The person who guards the city gate in the morning.

Zilu spent the night at Shimen. The gatekeeper asked, "From **?" Zilu said, "From Kong." The gatekeeper said, "Is that the one who knows he can't do it but still does it?" ”

Reading comprehension] knowing that you can't do it", this summary of Confucius is really incisive and profound. Obviously, this person guarding the city gate was not an idle person, but a great hermit with a high level of cultivation but hidden in the city.

Going back to the phrase "know you can't do it" itself, it's an idealist portrayal. A person who knows that what he is doing is expected to succeed, so he persists in doing it, and finally succeeds, he is certainly a successful person, but it is not particularly remarkable. And a person is wise that what he is engaged in may be successful in his lifetime, but he does not insist on doing it meticulously, "the spring silkworm is dead, and the wax torch turns to ashes and tears begin to dry."

Dedication to one's beliefs and ideals. This is very difficult and commendable. Just like the fool moving mountains, and like Sisyphus pushing a stone up the hillside, the sage did not know that "self-denial and revenge" has a long way to go, but he traveled around the world, "tired like a lost dog" and did not change his spirit, retired to lecture in his later years, and still took the culture of ritual and music as the core content, and contributed to the implementation of "benevolence".

As Zeng Tzu said: "Benevolence is one's own responsibility, isn't it also important? Death is gone, isn't it far away?

It is precisely the spirit of this aspect that highlights the characteristics of Confucianism's active entry into the WTO, which is very different from Taoism, which knows what it is necessary to do.

Zilu spent the night at the outer gate of the capital of Lu State. The man who opened the city gate in the morning asked, "From **?" Zilu said, "From Kong." The man who opened the gate in the morning said, "Is this the one who knows he can't do it, but still wants to do it?" ”

1. Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say it?" Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

Translation: Confucius said, "Isn't it also a pleasure to learn knowledge and then review it on time?"

Isn't it also a joy to have friends from afar? I am a talented learner, and others do not understand me, but I am not angry myself, and am I not also the possession of a virtuous person? ”

2. Zi said: "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher." ”

Translation: Confucius said, "A person who reviews old knowledge and then understands new knowledge can become a teacher." ”

3. Zi said: "If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless; If you don't learn, you will die. ”

Translation: Confucius said: "If you don't know how to think just by reading and studying, you will be confused; If you just think but don't read and study, you won't learn anything. ”

4, Zi said: "From, what does the girl know? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, and knowing is knowing. ”

Translation: Confucius said, "By (Zi Lu)! Teach you what 'knowing' means! To know is to know, not to know is not to know, this is the real knowledge! ”

5. Zigong asked: "Why does Confucius call it 'Wen'?" Zi said: "Sensitive and studious, not ashamed to ask, is to call it 'literature'." ”

Translation: Zigong asked, "Why is Confucius called 'Wen'?" Confucius said: "Confucius Wenzi is smart and studious, and he does not think it is a shame to ask for advice from people who are inferior to himself, so he calls him 'Wen'!" ”

6. Zi said: "Knowing it silently, learning without getting tired, teaching people tirelessly, what is there for me!" ”

Translation: Confucius said: "What is it for me to remember what I have learned, to learn without feeling satisfied, to teach others tirelessly, what is it that I have?" ”

7, Zi said: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher; Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. ”

Translation: Confucius said, "When three people walk together, there must be someone in the middle who can be my teacher; Choose their strengths to learn, and if you have their weaknesses, you have to change them. ”

8. Zi said: "Those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy." ”

Translation: Confucius said, "He who understands it is not as good as he who loves it, and he who loves it is not as good as he who enjoys it." ”

9, the son is on the river, saying: "The deceased is like a husband, reluctant to give up day and night." ”

Translation: Confucius said by the river, "The time that passes away is like this river!" Day and night. ”

10. Zi said: "I don't eat all day long, I don't sleep all night, thinking about it, it's useless, it's better to learn." ”

Translation: Confucius said: "I used to go without eating all day and sleeping all night, to think, but I did not tell me to regret growing up, it is better to study." ”

Knowing that it can't be done.

Original text] Zilu stayed in Shimen. Chenmen said: "Xi Zi? Zi Lu Ri: "From Kong's." He said: "Is it the one who knows that he can't do it?" ”

Note: The outer gate of the capital of the Lu Kingdom. Morning Gate: The person who guards the city gate in the morning.

Zilu spent the night at Shimen. The gatekeeper asked, "From **?" Zilu said, "From Kong." The gatekeeper said, "It's the one who knows he can't do it but still wants to do it."

"The mountains look up, the scenery stops" "The mountains look up, the scenery stops", this is a common and commonly used phrase, but to explain it clearly, it really takes a little pen and ink. These words are from "The Book of Songs: Xiaoya". Zheng Xuan's annotation:

The ancients admired those who were virtuous, and those who were wise and virtuous did it. Zhu Xi commented: "Look up, look up."

Jingxing, the avenue also. The mountains can be raised, and the scenery can be walked. "One is Han Ru and the other is Song Ru, there is such a big difference between the two statements.

In the last sentence "high mountains look up", Zheng said that "high mountains" are metaphors for lofty morality, and "Yang" is admiration; Zhu said that this is a direct reference to people looking up at the mountains, and there is no metaphor. In the next sentence, "Jing Xing Xing stops", the difference is even greater. According to Zheng, "Jingxing" is interpreted as "Mingxing", that is, the act of being upright; "Then do it" means that this is the criterion for action.

Yi Zhu said that "Jing Xing" (—háng) means the avenue, and "Jing Xing Xingzhi" means that the avenue can be walked on. Zheng Xuan and Zhu Xi are both great Confucians, and their statements are reasonable, but because the two are separated by thousands of years, before Zhu Shuo was proposed, Zheng Shuo has been generally accepted by everyone, so when later generations quote this, they take more Zheng Shuo and less Zhu Shuo. In the current dictionaries, some of the two theories coexist, and some of them blend the two theories together.

The word "stop" in the two sentences is a verbal auxiliary, indicating a definite tone, and the word "zhi" is used again when quoted by future generations. "The mountains look up, the scenery stops", can be abbreviated to the idiom "high mountain scenery", and the word "admiration" also comes from this. Because it is a famous sentence, it has been quoted a lot by later generations, and here is only an example of it that is recorded in the "Historical Records of the Confucius Family":

There is a poem: 'The mountains look up, and the scenery stops.' 'I can't reach it, but my heart yearns for it.'

This is used to praise Confucius, and because of the addition of two sentences at the end of the quotation (meaning: although it cannot reach this level, but the heart has always longed for it), the meaning of admiration is particularly obvious. Besides, Sima Qian, the author of "Historical Records", was born more than 200 years earlier than Zheng Xuan, so it can be seen that the theory of admiration has long been popular in the world, and it was not initiated by Zheng Xuan.

Confucius said, "Isn't it also happy to learn knowledge and then review it at a certain time?" ”

Zeng Tzu said: "I reflect on myself many times a day: Do you do your best to do things for others? Is it honest to associate with friends? Have you reviewed the studies taught by the teacher? ”

Confucius said: "After reviewing knowledge, you can have new experiences and discoveries, and you can become a teacher." ”

Confucius said, "If you only read books without thinking, you will be confused and gain nothing, and if you only dream but do not read, you will be in danger." ”

Confucius said, "Teach you the attitude of knowing and not knowing!" To know is to know, not to know is not to know – this is wisdom and wisdom. ”

Confucius said: "When you see a virtuous person, you should think of being on par with him, and when you see an unvirtuous person, you should reflect on whether you are like him." ”

Confucius said, "When several people walk together, there must be my teacher among them, and I will choose their strengths to learn, and their shortcomings must be corrected." ”

Zeng Tzu said: "Scholars must not be broad-minded and strong-willed, because they have a great mission and a long way to go. Isn't it also important to regard the ideal of "benevolence" as one's mission? Isn't it far away until death? ”

Confucius said: "When I encountered a cold winter, I knew that the pine and cypress trees shed their leaves after drinking." ”

Zigong asked, "Is there a word that can be practiced for the rest of your life?" Confucius said, "That's probably 'Forgiveness'!" Don't inflict on others what you hate. ”

Personally, I don't think it's translated into English.

Zi said: "Learn and learn from time to time, don't you also say? Have friends come from afar, are you happy? People don't know and are not ashamed, and they are not gentlemen? ”

Translation Confucius said, "Isn't it also pleasant to study them and then review them for a certain time?" Isn't it nice to have friends from afar? Others don't understand me, and I don't resent (anger), isn't I also a morally cultivated person? ”

Zi said: "Reviewing the old and learning the new can be a teacher." ”

Confucius said, "When you review old knowledge, you can understand new things, and then you can be a teacher." ”

Zi said: "If you learn without thinking, you will be reckless, and if you think without learning, you will die." ”

Confucius said, "If you read without thinking, you will be confused and gain nothing; Thinking but not reading will lead to mental confusion and no gain. ”

Zi said: "If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher." Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. ”

Zi said: "Knowing it silently, learning without getting tired, teaching people tirelessly, what is there for me?" ”

Translation: Confucius said, "Keep knowledge in mind; When studying, you don't feel satisfied; Teach without getting tired: what have I done? ”