Why does time slow down in a gravitational field?

The so-called slowing down of time is the result of the observer's seeing, in fact, I don't see it slowly, I won't use the formula to derive, but I can understand that the strong gravitational pull makes the light slow down (I have always thought that the speed of light slows down), but I have to believe that the speed of light does not change, so I have to think that time is slowing down, and the black hole absorbs all the light, and the speed of light is 0, so time is stationary, and the slow one does not move. It all comes down to the assumption that the speed of light is constant.

Assume time as a particle.

Every one of its particles encounters gravity.

The transition is slower.

Sophisticated fiction. You know better than I do.

Think for yourself.

What you see is actually the light of the object entering your eyes, if the gravitational force is too big (black hole), the light is sucked in, the propagation becomes slower, you see things slowly, just like a car moving 10m at a speed of 10m s and moving 10m, but because of the slow propagation of light, the car you see actually moves more than 1s, and you feel like time slows down.

In simple language, you should know a short distance dl 2=dx 2+dy 2+dz 2

In the theory of relativity, the concept of time coordinates is simply to turn three-dimensional space into four-dimensional space, so that the theory of relativity introduces the concept of original time, which refers to the time calculated by a clock placed on a moving particle point, which does not change with the change of the frame of reference, and the square of a small period of original time (similar to the square of a small distance) = dt 2-(1 c)*(dx 2 + dy 2 + dz 2).

The temporal absoluteness of so in Newtonian mechanics is denied in the theory of relativity, thus leading to the concept of a space-time gauge. This is the basic parameter that explains the problem of gravity.

According to the concept of original time, it can be seen that time slows down when the velocity is high, and time slows down when the gravitational attraction is strong.

I really don't know how to explain this thing without formulas, and I don't know what level of physics the friend who asks the question belongs to, so if I can, I will understand it by reading a book on the theory of relativity.

The greater the gravitational pull, the slower the timeThe gravitational field is locally equivalent to the acceleration of the motion of the object. In the special theory of relativity, the high-speed motion of an object produces a "clock-slow-ruler shrinkage" effect, which means that time slows down, but this effect is an observer effect in an inertial frame.

Time really slows down only when it enters a different frame of reference by changing speeds, i.e. there is acceleration of the object. Since the gravitational field is equivalent to the acceleration of motion, the gravitational field likewise makes time really slow down.

Explain the principle of equivalence with a lift:

Applying a force to the elevator in one direction so that the elevator obtains an acceleration of the same magnitude as the gravitational acceleration g on the earth's surface, the people in the elevator cannot tell whether they are in the earth's gravitational field or in a system of accelerated motion.

On the other hand, in a free fall near the Earth's gravitational field, the person in free fall is "weightless", he doesn't feel gravity, he feels like he's just doing an accelerated motion.

From the above situation, it can be seen that gravity and acceleration are equivalent, so the high-speed motion of an object in the inertial frame in the special theory of relativity changes the speed of time through acceleration and deceleration (for example, the "twin paradox", the elder brother takes a near-light speed spaceship because of the acceleration and deceleration, and when he returns to the earth, he sees that the younger brother is gray and the elder brother's time is dilated).

The greater the gravitational pull, the slower the time, the phenomenon called the gravitational time dilation effect, which is described in detail in the general theory of relativity. This effect exists as long as there is an acceleration frame of reference, and it does not affect the speed of light invariance theorem, which is often used to say that the speed of light changes.

That's a phenomenon in which regions of the universe with different potential energies cause time to pass at different rates, because the greater the distortion of space-time due to gravity, the slower time passes. In addition, this phenomenon has been confirmed by the Pound-Rebka experiment. The true amount of influence on this phenomenon can be seen through the Schwarzschild gauge.

Gravitational force in relation to time

Of course, time can be changed by other things. Einstein's special theory of relativity says that the faster an object moves, the slower the time that passes around it, and when it approaches the speed of light, the time around it will not pass, and it can travel through time and space beyond the speed of light.

The meaning of general relativity, in turn, can be understood as distorting time by changing the strength of the gravitational field.

These are two ways to invent a time machine, which seems simple but unattainable. The first was rejected by Einstein, who said that the flight of matter could never reach the speed of light, and the second because it required a lot of energy that humans could not do. So at this stage, time travel is almost a dream.

The gravitational field also has an effect on light, resulting in time dilation. In other words, time slows down at the edge of a black hole. Yes, time still passes like it, but not near the black hole, things have changed.

There are two basic premises of special relativity: the principle of special relativity and the principle of invariance of the speed of light. The principle of special relativity tells us that the laws of physics have the same form in any inertial system, while the principle of the invariance of the speed of light states that the speed of light in a vacuum is the same in any inertial system.

With these two articles, we can introduce something called the "Lorentz transform". Note that the premise of the Lorentz transform is between two inertial systems, which is why many people believe that special relativity can only deal with problems between inertial systems.

But in fact, with the further development of the theory of relativity, scientists believe that such an approach is too narrow, so the boundary between special relativity and general relativity is set as whether space-time is curved or not, that is, even if the problem of non-inertial systems is a problem, as long as the background space-time is flat, it still belongs to the category of special relativity, and the Lorentz transform mentioned in the previous paragraph does not represent the entire core of special relativity (the Lorentz transform is only a special case of the more common form).

However, let's still use the Lorentz transform as an example. In this case, we can deduce an effect called moving the clock slower, i.e., the time of moving an object (such as a clock) is slower than the time of the observer relative to a stationary observer (the so-called stationary observer, i.e., the observer is located at a certain point in the inertial system and does not move).

For example, an oft-mentioned example, twin brothers, brothers flying in space, brothers waiting on Earth, asking the brother is back, what is the age difference between the two?

The answer is that the older brother is younger than the younger brother, because the older brother has acceleration (referring to four-dimensional acceleration) and is not an inertial system, so there is no equation for the inertial system. Therefore, there will be no younger brother who looks at the older brother and thinks that the older brother is slower and younger than himself. And the elder brother looked at the younger brother and thought that the younger brother was moving very slowly, and the younger brother was younger than himself.

The first and second paragraphs also say that special relativity is a special form of general relativity, so there should also be a clock slow effect in general relativity, and general relativity is a theory that describes gravity, so nature and space-time curvature are inseparable, so there is a clock slow effect called gravity.

In short, the result is that the more time and space bend, the slower time becomes. For example, on the surface of the earth, at different altitudes, the passage of time varies from place to place due to different gravitational potentials. A typical example is the relativistic time correction of GPS satellites.

Finally, one more point:The curvature of space-time (gravity) must be accompanied by tidal effects, while the gravitational field, which is equivalent to acceleration, has no tidal effect, so we cannot say that the time deceleration of an accelerating object is caused by gravity, that is, the twin problem does not use the premise of general relativity.

Time in a broad sense does not slow down, it is relative! Relatively! Relatively!

Important things to say three times. According to general relativity, time and space do not completely diverge.

In fact, time and space are actually entangled, that is, the so-called "integration of time and space", and the changes in space will affect time. In addition, the theory of relativity also explains gravity as the phenomenon of bending space-time, and matter (it should be said that the mass of matter) will bend space-time. And the curved space-time affects the speed of time (because space-time is one, space is bent so that time is bent, which is manifested as time slowing down).

Because gravity weakens with distance, time passes differently at different altitudes. For example, the Earth is a time machine, and if you stand on a 100-story building for 1 million years, your time will be 1 picosecond faster than the Earth's surface. It is so small because the mass of the Earth is too small, and the curved space-time is not very obvious.

Like massive black holes, it's as simple as pulling noodles. So, time passes very slowly. And one more worth tipping:

The so-called slowing down of time does not mean that your watch does not match other people, everything around you will slow down, you don't have to worry about frying when you fry eggs because of the slowing down phenomenon, in your frame of reference, you will not feel the slightest sign of slowing down, but from the outside it seems that a long, long ......time has passed

The high-speed rotating giant motion compartment of the flying saucer is like the engine + fuel tank of a human fixed-wing aircraft, but it does not need this low-level energy supply, the universe is an energy body, and a steady stream of energy and matter maintains the balance of all things.

The so-called anti-gravity force (such as the earth) is actually the effect of gravitational density and magnetic field balance, if human beings have the opportunity to upgrade to 3 dimensions in the future, they can easily master it, called "astral gravity and equilibrium", which is just a professional discipline.

As for the so-called energy problem, that is something that the primary civilization needs to consider, and the rational transformation of "space energy" is inexhaustible, but the premise must be balanced! It is impossible for humans to do this at the moment, because even if you master the technology, your own physique will not be able to bear it (but the human reproduction function is very powerful).

And advanced civilizations usually don't reduce their dimensionality here, unlike the "aliens" you are worried about plundering resources and reducing dimensionality, because the earth's resources have long been eliminated, so you don't have to worry.

In fact, the development to a higher stage has already broken through the problems of birth, aging, sickness and death and energy faced by human beings, but now it needs the help of human beings when it encounters some troubles.

The greater the gravitational pull, the slower time becomes, why does this happen? Because it's a natural phenomenon. Time is the development of things, and people regard the development of things as time, and the essence of time does not exist.

You read it right, there's no time. Time does not exist, it cannot be interpreted, because it does not exist. Time flies, stop, slow down is nonsense.

How funny, ridiculous, and slower time is, it's an extension. In the end, there is no argument, and it is not that time is a material existence, and tomorrow you come with two pounds of time and open your eyes for everyone.

In order to describe global events, a fourth coordinate, the temporal coordinate, must be introduced. In other words, in general relativity, celestial bodies always move in a straight line in three-dimensional space-time, but in three-dimensional space, we see that they revolve around a circle. It's like the flight trajectory of an airplane.

The airplane flies in a straight line in three-dimensional space, but the path projected on the ground is curved.

If the execution time of this standard clock slows down, how do you measure it? Do you have a more accurate watch than this standard watch? Who admits that your watch is more standard?

If you convince everyone that the watch at hand is the most standard watch in the world, and only the time measured by your watch is the most standard time in the world, I can ask, the original watch, which was originally used as a standard, and now we do not recognize it as a standard cesium atomic clock, is the measured time still standard time.

Can you say that time has slowed down? Will this accepted standard watch slow down? If so, what is the standard by which it is measured?

If so, would it still be a standard watch? Can you slow down? It can be said that even if there is a uniform standard time for the gravitational and non-gravitational fields, all the motion and change processes of matter in the gravitational field will slow down.

Let us assume that time in the gravitational field is slowing down. Why wouldn't I? Wait a minute, what we can now determine is that what we're actually measuring right now is the b clock in the gravitational field, which is slowing down both in motion and in motion.

1. According to the general theory of relativity, time and space are not completely divergent. In fact, time and space are actually entangled together, that is, the so-called "integration of time and space", and the changes in space will affect time.

2. In the theory of relativity, gravity is also explained as the phenomenon of bending space-time, matter, that is, the mass of matter, will bend space-time, imagine that a taut membrane represents space-time, a marble represents the earth, and the marble will naturally sink when it is put on, which is the truth. And the curved space-time will affect the speed of the repentance of the Shijialing travelers, because time and space are one, and the space is bent so that time is bent, which is manifested as time slowing down. Because gravity weakens with distance, time passes differently at different altitudes.