Recent advances in BSE research, the causative agent of BSE

Summary. Condition analysis: The symptoms of mad cow disease include unsteady standing and shaky walking, which also includes rapid muscle movements, most of which will be sudden, the muscles have clonic performance, and there will also be voluntary movement dysfunction, and the limbs will have tremors.

After the onset of the disease, it will cause certain complications, such as respiratory tract and urinary tract infection, which requires early examination in the hospital and daily care.

As of September 7, 2022, according to the official statistical announcement, there is no mad cow disease in my country, as long as the beef is cooked, there will be no virus, and the mad cow disease virus is a prion protein, which can be inactivated after 30 minutes of heat at 100 degrees. The subjects of BSE are mainly neurological symptoms over 4 years old, emergency slaughter, and cows that fall to the ground or die often if they are not swimming.

Relatives and relatives Condition analysis: The symptoms of mad cow disease include unsteady standing and shaky walking, which also includes rapid muscle movements, most of which will be sudden, and the muscles will have clonic performance, and there will also be voluntary movement skills, and the limbs will have tremors. After the onset of the disease, it will cause certain complications, such as respiratory tract and urinary tract infection, and it is necessary to go to the hospital early and late for examination, and also need to do daily nursing work.

Categories: Healthcare.

Problem description: What is the causative agent of mad cow disease? Urgent! Masters, please come in!

Analysis: Mad cow disease was discovered in the United Kingdom in 1985, developed into ** in the early 90s, and then gradually spread to Western Europe, and has now become a worldwide problem. BSE is a new type of Alzheimer's disease, also known as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

It is a disease that has never been seen before, a chronic, fatal, degenerative disease of the nervous system. It is caused by a pathogenic ——— prion whose nature is not fully understood.

What are the characteristics of prions.

First of all, it has no nucleic acid, which can make normal proteins change from benign to malignant, from non-infectious to infectious; secondly, it does not have the form of a virus and is fibrous; Third, it is resistant to all physical and chemical factors that kill viruses, and the current disinfection methods are useless, and can only be inactivated under 136 high temperature and high pressure for two hours; Fourth, the incubation period of the virus is long, with an average of 28 years from infection to onset, and 100 deaths in half a year to a year once symptoms appear; Fifth, it is difficult to diagnose, there are prion proteins in normal human jeans and animal cells, and its three-dimensional structure changes under the action of unknown reasons, becoming infectious proteins, and the patient does not produce immune reactions and antibodies, so it cannot be monitored.

How mad cow disease is transmitted.

BSE can be transmitted to humans through beef and beef products, especially organ meats and bone marrow.

The transmission of mad cow disease is the first source of infection, such as blood transfusion, medical equipment, brain surgery, organ transplantation, biological product infection, etc. Pituitary growth hormone for dwarfism and gonadal hormone for infertility were both extracted from a large number of cadavers, and if one of the bodies was Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, all the products were contaminated. There have been hundreds of cases in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Australia.

The second is bovine-derived drugs, and drugs made of diseased bovine brain, bovine spinal cord, bovine blood, and bovine bone glue will infect mad cow disease.

What diseases can prions cause.

Prions can cause more than 20 diseases that are common to humans and animals. Perpetrators include Alzheimer's disease (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease), Kurou disease, Guiss syndrome, fatal familial insomnia, and mad cow disease (variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). In contrast to the usual Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, BSE mainly affects young people, with an average age of 28 years and the youngest being 14 years old.

How to eradicate mad cow disease in our country.

At present, mad cow disease has not been detected in our country, but we must be vigilant. It is necessary to do: 1. Plug loopholes.

Customs imports and exports should be blocked. Second, check the internal source. It is necessary to check whether our own cattle and sheep have any diseases caused by prions.

Prions break population boundaries and 18 species of animals have now been found to be infected, 16 of which are transmitted through the digestive tract. 3. Strong foundation. At present, prion research has been included in the national "863" project, and has also been funded by the national natural science **, and a number of diagnostic methods with intellectual property rights have been established.

Caused by prions. Prions are replication-capable proteins that do not contain nucleic acids. Mainly attacks the brain cells of mammals.

BSE is a progressive central nervous system lesion that occurs in cattle, with symptoms similar to pruritus in sheep, commonly known as "mad cow disease".

The true nature of the causes of mad cow disease and scrapie is not yet known, but the most accepted theory is that the structure of a normal cellular protein called "prion" is caused by structural mutations, known as "mad cow **". Mad cow is neither a cell or a virus, nor a parasite, and all general measures that can prevent and kill infectious bacteria and viruses cannot effectively kill the "mad cow", and there is no direct test method for mad cow in the world.

The spread of BSE is thought to be transmitted by feeding cattle animal meat and bone meal, which has been commonly used for decades to provide livestock protein by feeding meat and bone meal. In the late 70s of the 20th century, there were some changes in the production process of animal meat and bone meal, and it is hypothesized that it was this change in the refining process that led to the survival of sheep itching **, and the spread of sheep itching ** to cattle by raising cattle with meat and bone meal.

The scientific term for mad cow disease is bovine brain spongiformencephalopathy (BSE). Bovine originally meant about cows, sluggish, and clumsy; Spongiform means spongiform encephalopathy.

In November 1986, BSE was first reported in the British press, but it affected many countries, such as France, Ireland, Canada, Denmark, Portugal, Switzerland, Oman, Germany, the United States, Canada, etc. Medical experts have found that the course of the fatal disease is generally 14 to 90 days, but the incubation period can be as long as 4 to 6 years. BSE mostly occurs in adult cattle around 4 years old.

The symptoms are not the same: most sick cattle have changes in the central nervous system and abnormal behavior; Irritability, excessive sensitivity to sounds and touches, especially to the head touch; Unsteady gait, often kicking and falling, convulsions. Such a cow is afraid of sound and touch, and it is obvious that there is something wrong with the brain of the cow with this disease.