How to do maglev train 20, how to do maglev train

Taking advantage of the characteristics of repulsion and attraction of opposite poles, several sets of magnets that are mutually repelled can interact so that one of them is suspended in the air. In order to maintain balance, it is necessary to finely adjust the positions of each other and block the side of the beam with a wooden strip to prevent the beam from falling due to uneven repulsion.

Application: Electromagnetic crane,Electromagnetic relays, electric bells,Maglev trains

A maglev train is a type of train that is propelled by magnetic levitation, which is powered by electromagnetic force.

Contactless suspension and guidance between the train and the track are realized, and linear motors are reused.

The electromagnetic force generated pulls the train into operation. Due to the magnetic force of its orbit, it is suspended in the Ming air, which reduces the frictional force.

Maglev train – the principle of maglev

There are 3 basic principles of maglev. The first principle is that when the magnetic field near the metal changes, the electrons on the metal will move and an electric current will be generated. The second principle of Bi Huai Na is the magnetic effect of electric current.

When an electric current flows through a wire or a piece of metal, a magnetic field is generated. The energized coil becomes a magnet.

The third principle of magnetic levitation is that we are all too familiar with each other, the magnets will interact with each other, the same polarity will repel each other, and the opposite polarity will attract. Now look at how magnetic levitation works: a magnet passes over a piece of metal, and the electrons on the metal start moving due to a change in the magnetic field (principle 1).

The electrons form a loop, so they also generate their own magnetic field (principle 2).

The above content reference:Encyclopedia - Maglev train

Electromagnetic cranes, electromagnetic relays, electric bells, maglev trains, speakers, household appliances.

The maglev train is a kind of train propelled by magnetic levitation, which realizes the non-contact suspension and guidance between the train and the track through electromagnetic force, and then uses the electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor to pull the train to run.

Pros and cons: Because the maglev train has the advantages of speed, low consumption, environmental protection and safety, it has a broad prospect. Constant conductive maglev trains can reach 400 to 500 km/h, and superconducting maglev trains can reach 500 to 600 km/h.

Its high speed gives it an advantage over flying in a distance between 1,000 and 1,500 km.

Due to factors such as no wheels and no friction, it consumes 30% less electricity than the current state-of-the-art high-speed trains. At a speed of 500 km/h, the energy consumption per seat-kilometer is only 1 3 to 1 2 of that of an airplane, which is 30 per cent less energy than a car. Because there is no wheel-rail contact, the vibration is small and the comfort is better, but the large bumps also require extremely high maintenance costs for vehicles and rails.

The maglev train does not rub against the track when it is running, and the noise emitted is low. Maglev trains are generally elevated by more than 5 meters through flat land or over mountains and hills, which inevitably causes damage to the ecological environment caused by digging mountains and ditches. Maglev trains run on rails and are configured according to the fire protection standards of aircraft.

Even if there are ways to solve the above technical problems, there is another problem involved - money. The design investment of the 30-kilometer line in Shanghai is 100 billion yuan, while the two lines in Germany, one 36.8 kilometers long, will cost about 2.6 billion euros; The other 78.9 km long will cost 3.2 billion euros (1 euro equals about 8 yuan).

In the actual construction, according to the terrain, road surface and the lack of knowledge of the design transportation capacity, of course, the cost will vary greatly. But in any case, a one-kilometer route requires an investment of at least 800 million yuan, that is, a 1-centimeter line needs to cost 8,000 yuan to build.

In modern life, automatic doors are becoming more and more popular, and at present, automatic doors on the market are widely used in hotels, office buildings, office buildings, shopping malls, supermarkets, hospitals, banks and other public places. Magnetic levitation automatic door automatic door is a kind of automatic control to open and close the door land cracking, the use of automatic door can save resources, reduce noise, wind and dust. Magnetic levitation table.

The magnetic levitation table is also one of the main applications of magnetic levitation technology. With the continuous improvement of the accuracy requirements of machining and measurement equipment, the research on long-stroke and ultra-precision motion control has attracted more and more interest.

The principle of the maglev train is not profound. It is the use of the magnet's "same sex repels and opposite sex attracts" property to make the magnet have the ability to resist gravity, that is, "magnetic levitation". Scientists apply the principle of "magnetic levitation" to the railway transportation system, so that the train is completely off the track and suspended, becoming a "wheelless" train, with a speed of more than several hundred kilometers per hour.

This is the so-called "maglev train", also known as the "maglev car".

Because magnets have two forms of same-sex repulsion and opposite-sex attraction, so maglev train also has two corresponding forms: one is the maglev train that utilizes the magnet homogeneous repulsion principle and designs the electromagnetic operation system, it utilizes the repulsion force generated between the magnetic field formed by the superconductor electromagnet on the car and the magnetic field formed by the track coil, so that the car body is suspended and runs the railway; The other is the maglev train designed by using the principle of magnet opposite-sex attraction, which is to install magnets at the bottom of the car body and the top of the reverse steering on both sides.

Iron, above the T-shaped guide rail and below the outrigger part are respectively provided with reaction plate and induction steel plate, control the current of the electromagnet, keep a gap of 10-15 mm between the electromagnet and the guide rail, and make the attraction of the guide rail steel plate and the gravity of the vehicle balanced, so that the car body is suspended on the guide rail surface of the lane to run.

Maglev trains have a number of incomparable advantages over today's high-speed trains:

Because the maglev train runs on the track, there is no actual contact between the guide rail and the locomotive, and it becomes a "wheelless" state, so it has almost no friction between the wheel and the rail, and the speed is as high as hundreds of kilometers per hour;

Maglev trains have high reliability, easy maintenance and low cost, and their energy consumption is only half of that of cars and a quarter of that of airplanes.

The noise is small, when the speed of the maglev train reaches more than 300 kilometers per hour, the noise is only 656 decibels, which is only equivalent to a person talking loudly, which is smaller than the sound of a car passing by;

Because it is powered by electricity, it will not emit exhaust gases along the track, and it is pollution-free, making it a veritable green means of transportation.

We will have fantasies and interests in the magnetic effect of space, and the maglev train is also mysterious and curious in people's livesVeil。Nowadays, the principle of magnets will be learned in primary and secondary school textbooks, that is, the principle that opposites attract and the same sex repels each other. Maglev railway technology is the application of this principle, plus power electronics'The principle of operation and feedback control drives the train to float onto the track and the propulsion force to run in the air.

High school physics textbooks teach us Faraday's law, which is the mutual magnetic interaction between electric and magnetic fields, and is also the basic principle of buoyancy and propulsion in maglev trains.

The maglev train system uses electromagnetic attraction and propulsion force to levitate the train above the track at a height ranging from about 10 centimeters to 10 centimeters. German high-speed maglev train has been officially operated at Shanghai Pudong Airport, it is the use of electromagnet magnetic force, can be suspended in a stationary state, the maximum speed of the train is 430 kilometers per hour, the Japanese high-speed maglev train uses superconductors, speed induction and induced buoyancy mode, the train speed accelerates to 60 70 kilometers per hour or more when the train is suspended, the maximum speed of the train in December 2003 passenger test speed has reached 581 kilometers per hour, the world's highest speed. In addition, the maglev rapid transit system in March 2005 in the eastern hills of Japan line has been officially operated, the length of the kilometer, the system train speed of 100 kilometers per hour, the system belongs to the metropolitan area, for the station static suspension, with a small turning radius, rapid lifting, short distance station and other characteristics.

Maglev train has been invested in Germany and Japan for 40 years of research and development, because of the maglev track construction collapse in various countries have positive and negative opinions, especially during the trial operation of the maglev train in Shanghai, many engineering and technical problems occurred, any problem can be solved from the perspective of engineering technology, this is the engineering solution. However, the high-speed maglev system is an intercity transportation and does not have the transportation characteristics of MRT in the metropolitan area, and the consideration of the transfer system is very important, which is the main reason for the poor operation of the high-speed maglev in Shanghai.

Of course, the maglev railway also has many advantages, such as reduced vibration, reduced noise, high speed and environmental protection. As long as the reliability and stability of the system are improved and affirmed, it is believed that it will bring a faster and more comfortable public transportation system, which is also a blessing for the human beings in the world.

The maglev train is made of duralumin and automatically controlled by an electronic computer. The power is supplied by the three-phase line ** electric motor, and after the rotation line diagram of the bottom of the car is energized, it can promote the train to move forward stably along the guide rail. The bottom of each carriage is lined with permanent magnets or small superconducting magnets, and a series of conductive metal rings, such as aluminum rings, are buried on both sides of the track.

When the train advances, the magnet generates a strong magnetic field to the track surface, and the aluminum rings on both sides of the track move relatively, so that a large current is induced in the aluminum ring. This induced current creates a strong magnetic field in the opposite direction to the magnetic field of the magnet, resulting in an upward buoyancy force that lifts the train in the air by about 10 mm. In general, the higher the speed of the train, the stronger the magnetic field generated by the induced current, and the greater the magnetic levitation force.

When the train is stationary, there is no relative motion between the magnet and the aluminum ring, no induced current is generated in the ring, and the magnetic levitation force disappears. So, during the start and stop, the train is still running on the tracks.

When the maglev train runs at high speed, it is only subject to the viscous resistance of the air, and its noise is very small. Because the train is powered by electricity, it does not pollute the environment. In addition, this kind of train also has the advantages of fast speed, stable and comfortable, suitable for long and short distances, low power consumption, beautiful appearance, and low cost.