Mencius s inheritance and development of Confucius s thought

1. Mencius inherited Confucius's idea of "benevolence" as the core, Confucius had the teaching of "killing oneself to become benevolent", and Mencius also used the vivid metaphor of fish and bear's paws to illustrate the principle of "sacrificing one's life for righteousness".

2. Mencius developed Confucius's idea of "benevolence loves others", founded the theory of "goodness", put forward the heart of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom", and established the root of why people are human beings. Confucius mellowed the benevolence of chaos, and thus the cross opened, and Mencius's teaching of "living in benevolence and righteousness" was of great merit.

3. The perfection of the study of the mind: Mencius pointed out the "conscience and conscience" in the depths of the human soul by the ontology of Confucius, and established the theory of conscience. This is the ideological origin of Wang Xinxue in the later generations of Lu and Kong.

4. Mencius inherited and developed the original concept of "benevolence" in Confucius's thought, which is the mainstream thought of Confucianism, so later generations also referred to "Confucianism" as "Confucius and Mencius thought".

Inheriting the idea of benevolence, it developed into the political proposition of "benevolent government", and developed the "theory of goodness" and "the people are noble and the king is light".

Mencius inherited and developed Confucius's idea of rule by virtue, which developed into the doctrine of benevolent government, which became the core of his political thought. Mencius's political theory is a royal road with benevolent government as its content, and its essence is to serve the feudal ruling class. He applied the principles of "proximity" and "longevity" to politics in order to ease class contradictions and safeguard the long-term interests of the feudal ruling class.

On the one hand, Mencius strictly distinguished the class status of the ruler and the ruled, believing that "those who work hard govern people, and those who work hard govern people", and imitated the Zhou system to draw up a set of hierarchies from the Son of Heaven to the Shuren; On the other hand, he likened the relationship between the ruler and the ruled to the relationship between parents and children, and advocated that the ruler cares about the people's weal and woe like a parent, and the people get close to and serve the ruler like a parent.

Inheriting the idea of benevolence, it developed into the political proposition of "benevolent government", and developed the "theory of goodness" and "the people are noble and the king is light".

Yes, Mencius inherited the idea of benevolence and developed it into the political proposition of "benevolent government", and developed the "theory of goodness of nature" and "the people are noble and the king is light".

In the Confucian tradition, Confucius and Mencius always followed each other, both the great and the holy, and the sub-sage. There are both the Analects and Mencius. Kong said "Chengren", Meng said "take righteousness", and their purposes have always been compatible.

The Historical Records says: "Mencius's preface to the book of poems describes the meaning of Zhongni. Feng Youlan, a contemporary person, also compares Confucius to Socrates and Mencius to Plato.

Mr. Li Xueqin, head of the chief scientist expert group of the national "Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty Project" and "Chinese Civilization Exploration Project", pointed out that the Confucian works in Guodian Chu Jian are an important missing link between Confucius and Mencius.

Inheriting the idea of benevolence, it developed into the political proposition of "benevolent government", and developed the "theory of goodness" and "the people are noble and the king is light".

Confucius's educational thought is: to establish private learning, "teaching without class" and "teaching according to aptitude".

It advocates the combination of learning and thinking, and students should be the teacher.

Political ideology: "benevolence" as the core, "moral politics" and "self-denial".

Mencius's core idea was benevolence.

It advocates the people-oriented thinking of "goodness", "sacrificing life for righteousness" and "the people are noble and the king is light".

Mencius developed Confucius's idea of "benevolence".

Mencius put forward the idea of "benevolent government", which enriched Confucius's idea of "benevolence", and developed "sexual similarity" into "sexual goodness" in the theory of human nature.

Mencius mainly inherited Confucius's idea of benevolent government.

Mencius's thoughts: He said to the monarch at that time: "It doesn't matter if you're lustful, it's okay if you're good, it's okay to be good at hunting, good to play, and good ** It's not about guessing the pure faith system." But when you are lustful, think of the resentful women of the country; When you are good, think of the poor people.

When you are hunting and playing, you should think about how many fathers and sons in the world are not allowed to see each other, and brothers and wives are separated......In short, you have to be good at what you do, and you want Suiwa to practice benevolent government. As for how to implement benevolent government, Mencius said: "Those who pretend to be benevolent with strength are hegemonic, and there must be great powers; The king of benevolence with virtue, the king does not wait for the great, the soup is seventy miles, and the king of Wen is a hundred miles.

Those who convince others with their strength are not convinced, and they are not able to support them.

Those who convince people with virtue will be convinced by the center and sincerely. In other words, a person who relies on force and pretends to be benevolent can dominate the world, so the hegemon must have the conditions to be a great power. A person who relies on morality to exercise righteousness can also be called king, but it does not have to be a great power.

Shang Tang is the king of the world by virtue of the land area of 70 miles, and King Wen of Zhou is the king by virtue of the land area of 100 miles. Use force to make others submit, others may not really give in, but the strength is not enough to resist; Use morality to make others obedient, and others will obey happily and convincingly.

Theory of Sexual Goodness:

Mencius believed that human nature is inherently good, Mencius once said: "Therefore, everyone has a heart that cannot bear others, and now people see that their children are about to enter the well, and they all have a heart of compassion; Otherwise, it is not to be friends with the parents of the children, not to be known to the friends of the township party, and it is not to be evil. ”

If you see a child about to fall into the well, you will not save people because of friendship, reputation and other interests, but because the nature of "goodness" in your heart will naturally flow and save people. Mencius believed that the essence of "goodness" is divided into compassion, shame, resignation, and right and wrong, and is the "four ends".

"Duan" is the meaning of the starting point, and Mencius believed that as long as we strive to expand the four ends, that is, moral practice, we can achieve virtue. However, since "goodness" has long existed in the heart, and there are still people who do evil, Mencius believed that the reason why people are not good is because they are blinded by selfish desires, Mencius believed that people should give up self-interest and preserve benevolence and righteousness.

Mencius inherited and carried forward Confucius's doctrine of "benevolence", developed it to "benevolent government", and further put forward the idea of "the people are noble and the king is light", which was more progressive than Confucius, Confucius was more generous, and Mencius was more cynical.

Benevolence is a kind of Confucianism, which is inherited and developed from Confucius's "benevolence" on behalf of Mencius, and is one of the political ideals such as "people-oriented", "benevolent government", "royal way" and "theory of goodness" in Mencius's doctrine.

Mencius inherited and carried forward Confucius's doctrine of "benevolence", developed it to "benevolent government", and further put forward the idea of "the people are noble and the king is light", which was more progressive than Confucius, Confucius was more generous, and Mencius was more cynical.

Benevolence is a kind of Confucianism, which is inherited and developed by Mencius on behalf of Confucianism from the "benevolence" of Confucius, and is one of the political ideals such as "people-oriented", "benevolent government", "royal road" and "theory of goodness" in Mencius's doctrine, mainly advocating the theory of "the people are noble and the king is light" and "human nature is good".