When did the Three Kingdoms begin?

Nearly a hundred years of history from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty.

The Three Kingdoms is a historical period in China. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao unified northern China and actually took control of the Eastern Han Dynasty as prime minister, obtaining the title of "King of Wei" and adding nine tins. In 220, Cao Cao died of illness, and his son Cao Pi succeeded to the throne, and in the same year forced the last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty to give up the throne to him, and established the Cao regime, the country name "Wei", known as "Cao Wei" in history, so that the Eastern Han Dynasty regime officially collapsed, and the Three Kingdoms era officially began.

In 221, Liu Bei, who was based in Yizhou, established himself as emperor, with the country name "Han", and was known as "Shu Han" in history. In the same year, Sun Quan, who had seized Yangzhou, Jingzhou, Jiaozhou and other places, accepted the canonization of the Cao Wei regime and began to call him "King Wu". In 229, he officially called the emperor the founding of the country, with the country name "Wu", and the history was called "Eastern Wu".

After the Sima family, which had de facto control of the Cao Wei regime, annexed Shu Han in 263, Sima Yan deposed Emperor Yuan of Wei in 265 and established himself, with the country name "Jin", known as the "Western Jin Dynasty" in history. The Western Jin Dynasty conquered the Sun-Wu regime in Jiangnan in 280 and officially unified China, ending the Three Kingdoms era.

In ancient China, the title of emperor could only be used by one person, but at this time there were three at the same time. The historical book "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" compiled by Chen Shou in the Western Jin Dynasty began to describe the turbulent period in the late Eastern Han Dynasty after the Yellow Turban Rebellion in 184 AD, so historians mostly take the end of the Yellow Turban Rebellion as the beginning of the Three Kingdoms Era. In the Ming Dynasty, Luo Guanzhong wrote a history based on the history of this era** "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" has also become one of the four great masterpieces in China.

It was from the Battle of Chibi.

The formation of the situation in which the three countries are in a position of confrontation has led to a situation of confrontation in which the three countries are evenly matched and contain each otherDuring this period, the mutual support was exchanged for a short period of peace and a short period of economic development. To a certain extent, it accelerated the cultural and economic exchanges between Han and Yi, such as the relationship between Zhuge Liang and Southwest Yi.

The three-kingdom situation has prospered the local economy to a certain extent. For example, Cao Cao's Tuntian policy. The development of Jiangnan by the Sun family directly laid the foundation for the transfer of the economic center of gravity between the north and the south in the future.

The secession of Shu in Sichuan accelerated the economic development of the Sichuan Basin and the entire southwest region.

Introduction

In 208, after Cao Cao unified the north, he took the opportunity of Liu Biao's illness and death to lead the army south, and his son Liu Cong surrendered to Cao Cao, Liu Bei left Xinye and went south to Jiangling, but was chased and defeated by Cao's army on the way and fled to Xiakou. At this time, Lu Su went to the reserve to inquire about the situation, and Liu Bei also sent Zhuge Liang to Jiangdong, and the two sides formed an alliance to resist Cao's army.

After the Cao army retreated to the north, it pacified the northwest coalition army of Ma Chao and Han Sui and unified the north. Promote the formation of a three-kingdom situation. Sun Quan and Liu Bei also began to compete for Jingzhou separately.

Liu Bei successfully forced the surrender of the four counties of Jingnan; And Zhou Yu, the general of Sun Quan's department, also sent troops to the southern county of Jingzhou, and successfully took the northwest area as a territory.

It was formed after the Battle of Chibi.

In 229 A.D., the Three Kingdoms were formed. It's not 221, the teacher deliberately emphasized the slippery staring at the land, and in 221, he was only the emperor, and the situation of the Three Kingdoms had not yet been formed.

In 220, Cao Pi, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, usurped the Han Dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor, with the capital Luoyang, the country name "Wei", and the history called Cao Wei, and the Han Dynasty officially ended. In 221, Liu Bei was proclaimed emperor, and the capital was Chengdu, known as Shu Han in history. In 229, Sun Quan was proclaimed emperor, the capital was Jianye, the country name was "Wu", and the history was called Eastern Wu.

In 190, the Han Dynasty's centralized system collapsed, warlords rose everywhere, and the world was in chaos. By the time of the Battle of Chibi in 208, Cao Cao was defeated by the combined forces of Sun and Liu, and since then, the prototype of the Three Kingdoms has been laid. In the following decades, Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei of Shu Han led the army to the north to attack Cao Wei many times, but they never changed the three-legged pattern.

In the later period of Cao Wei, the real power was gradually controlled by Sima Yi. In 263, Sima Zhao of Cao Wei launched the Wei War to destroy Shu Xinqing, and Shu Han perished.

In 265, Sima Yan, the prime minister of Wei, abolished Emperor Wei Yuan and established himself, and the founding name was "Jin", which was known as the Western Jin Dynasty in history. The Three Kingdoms era officially ended, and Chinese history officially entered the Jin Dynasty era. In 280, the Jin Dynasty destroyed Eastern Wu and unified China, and the Three Kingdoms period came to a complete end.