The original text and translation of Zhong Rong s poem preface, the original text and translation of

Original text: "The animal of air, the touching of things, so the swaying nature, the love of all dances and songs......In Tokyo's 200 years, there is only Bangu's "Yongshi", which is unwritten. "Translation:

The climate changes, the scenery touches people's hearts, so that people's temperament shakes and widens, and is expressed in dancing and singing......In the two hundred years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were only Ban Gu's "Yongshi" poems, but they were simple and unliterate. ”

Full text: The animal of air, the touching of things, so the swaying nature, the love of all dances. Illuminating the candle three talents, Hui Li is all there, the spirit only waits for it to feast, and the subtlety is used to proclaim, moving the world and chaos, feeling ghosts and gods, not close to poetry.

In the past, the words of "South Wind" and the ode to "Qingyun" were full of righteousness. Xia Ge said: "The pottery branch is empty, and the heart is bright. "Chu Rumor said" The name is given to the regular rule.

Although the poetry is not complete, it is a misuse of five words. Arresting Han Li Ling, he began to write five words. Ancient poems are beautiful, the world is difficult to know, and its style is definitely the system of the Yan and Han dynasties, and it is not the advocacy of the declining Zhou.

Since the king, Yang, Mei, and the horse's disciples, the words are competent, and the chanting is beautiful. From Li Duwei to Ban Jieyu, in the past hundred years, there will be a woman, only one person. The poet's wind has suddenly been lost.

In Tokyo's 200 years, there is only Bangu's "Yongshi", which is unwritten.

Full text translation: The climate changes, the scenery touches people's hearts, so people's temperament is shaken and expressed in dance and singing. It shines on the heavens, the earth, and man, making all things appear brilliant and beautiful, and the gods of heaven depend on it to receive sacrifices, and the spirits of the underworld depend on it to manifest and pray.

There is nothing closer to moving the heavens, the earth, the ghosts and gods than poetry.

Once upon a time, the lyrics of "Song of the South Wind" and the eulogy of "Qingyun Song" are of far-reaching significance. The Xia Dynasty's "Song of the Five Sons" said, "Melancholy, my heart", and the ballad of Chu State, "Lisao", said, "Name me Zhengze", although the system of poetry is not complete, but it is the beginning of the five-character poem. In the Han Dynasty, Li Ling began to compose this style of five-character poems.

The era of ancient poetry is vague and far away, and it is difficult for poets and times to study in detail, and its style was originally made in the Western Han Dynasty, not the first in the Zhou Dynasty when it was weakened.

Since Wang Bao, Yang Xiong, Mei Cheng, and Sima Xiangru, a group of people only compete to win with rhetoric, and they have not heard of poetry. From Li Ling to Ban Jieyu, there was only one female writer in about a hundred years, and Ban Jieyu was only a poet in Li Ling. The poet's ethos for writing poetry was suddenly lost.

In the two hundred years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were only Ban Gu's "Yongshi" poems, but they were simple and unliterate.

Characteristics of the author's writing

While commenting on the artistic characteristics and styles of writers of the past dynasties, Zhong Rong also put forward his own views on some theoretical issues in poetry creation and the general malpractices in the poetry circle at that time in the preface. He opposed the fashion of "following his desires" and "quasi-helplessness" in poetry at that time, and proposed a systematic evaluation of the standard. Its appearance is closely related to the development of poetry creation at that time, and the social fashion of Qing Tan and Pindi characters.

The original text and translation of the poem preface

The animal of air, the touching of things, so the swaying temperament, the shape of the dance. Illuminating the candle three talents, Hui Li is all there, the spirit is only treated to feast, and the subtlety is used to proclaim; Moving the heavens and the earth, feeling ghosts and gods, is not close to poetry.

In the past, the words of "South Wind" and the forest of "Qingyun" were ode to Wuwu, and they were righteous and righteous. Xia Ge said: "Yu Tao is heart-wrenching. Chu Yu said: "The name is more regular. Although the poetry is not complete, it is a misuse of five words.

Arresting Han Li Ling, he began to write five words. Ancient poems are beautiful, and the world is difficult to understand. Pushing its style is the system of the Yan and Han dynasties, not the advocacy of the declining Zhou.

The husband's four words are about a wide range of meanings (37), and they can be more than they can be obtained by taking "Wind" and "Sao"; Each bitter text is complicated and the meaning is less, so the world is rare. The essence of the five words is that the people have a taste, so the cloud will be in the customs. Don't you make a form by pointing things (38), writing things with poor feelings, the most detailed ones! Therefore, the poem has three meanings: one is Xing, the second is Bi, and the third is Fu. The text has been exhausted and the meaning is more than enough, and the interest is also; Because of the metaphor of things, than also; Straight books, allegorical writings, and endowments.

Macro (39) Si Sanyi, use it as appropriate, dry it with wind power, moisten it with Dancai (40), so that the taste is infinite, and the smell is tempting, which is the best of poetry. If it is dedicated to comparison, the suffering is deep in meaning, and the meaning is deep (41); If you use the body, you will suffer from the floating of mind, and the floating will be scattered, and the flow will flow (42), and the text will not stop. There is a lot of manipulation (43).

The period of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was a period when China's literary theory and criticism matured. The emergence of a large number of treatises represented by Cao Pi's "Classics", Lu Ji's "Wenfu", Liu Xian's "Wenxin Carving Dragon" and Zhong Rong's "Poems" announced the arrival of "the era of literary consciousness" (Lu Xun).

Zhong Rong's "Poems" evaluates the merits of five-character poems since the Han and Wei dynasties, discusses 122 poets, traces their creations back to the source, comments on the gains and losses, and interprets the inferior products.

Before that, poetics was still in the position of a vassal of the classics, "poetry" probably refers to the "Book of Songs", and the ** of poetry also stops at the study of the "Book of Songs", so "poetics" is actually equivalent to the study of the "Book of Songs".

The poems not only put aside the "Book of Songs", but also abandoned the criticism method of discussing poetry from the political and moral perspectives, and replaced it with a more scientific criticism trend on the aesthetic characteristics of poetry itself. Therefore, the appearance of "Poetry" is even more significant.