How to appreciate the landscape idylls of the Tang Dynasty, the landscape idylls in the three hundre

Landscape poems are not only written about the scenery of mountains and waters, but also the name "landscape" is only to cite its big end. Some are about people's livelihood, and some are casual... We can't think that as long as there is a description of the landscape in the poem, it is a landscape poem, at least the main part of the poem should be a description of the landscape to be regarded as a landscape poem. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the author's attitude towards the scene described:

Whether to look at the landscape itself as an aesthetic object, or to pretend that the landscape has no sustenance. It is also necessary to pay attention to the difference in the content of the sustenance.

After the formation of landscape poetry, although it is constantly seeking the development of external space and the improvement of the internal system, so that in different eras, and has a new style and posture, but the life interest and artistic spirit of Taoist Xuan Chan have always run through the development of landscape poetry. With the advent of the prosperity of Tang poetry, landscape poetry appeared to be magnificent. Wang Wei and Meng Haoran inherited the tradition of landscape poetry from Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun, forming a landscape pastoral school that complemented the Biansai poetry school.

Among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, there was not a single poet who did not write poems on the theme of natural landscapes. Such as: Wang Ji's "Wild Hope", Wang Bo's "In the Mountains", Chen Ziang's "Dujingmen"; Zhang Ruoxu's "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night"; Zhang Jiuling, "Hukou Wanglu Mountain Waterfall"; Wang Zhilian's "Climbing the Stork's Tower"; Du Fu's "Wangyue", "Jiangcun", "Ascending"; Wei Yingwu's "Chuzhou West Stream"; Considering the situation of "The Farmhouse Over the Mountain"; Zhang Ji "Fengqiao Night Park"; Uncle Dai's "Suxi Pavilion"; Chu Guangxi, "Fishing Bay"; Chang Jian "Title Poshan Temple Hou Zen Temple"; Han Yu's "Hengyue Temple, Sui Suyue Temple, Title Gatehouse"; Meng Jiao's "Wandering Stone Dragon Vortex"; Bai Juyi's "Spring Trip to Qiantang Lake", "Dusk River Yin", "Peach Blossoms of Dalin Temple", "Hangzhou Spring Wang"; Liu Yuxi, "Wushan Goddess Temple"; Liu Zongyuan, "Fisherman" and "Jiang Xue"; Li He, "Wushan High"; Du Mei "Mountain Walk"; Li Shangyin's "Le You Yuan"; Wen Tingyun's "Shangshan Morning Journey" ......Among the poets of the Tang Dynasty, there were many people who were famous for landscape poetry, but the main ones who could represent the maturity of landscape poetry were Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, and Li Bai.

The landscape idylls originated from Xie Lingyun of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty, and were represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran of the Tang Dynasty. These poems are known for their depictions of natural landscapes, rural scenes, and a peaceful and tranquil life of seclusion. The poetry is timeless and beautiful, the style is quiet and elegant, the language is clear and concise, and the white drawing technique is mostly used.

Brief introduction. Tao Yuanming and other poets formed the Eastern Jin Dynasty Pastoral Poetry School in China, Xie Lingyun, Xie Hao and other poets formed the Southern Dynasties Landscape Poetry School in China, and Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and other poets formed the Landscape Pastoral School of the Tang Dynasty in China. The poets take the landscape and pastoral as the aesthetic object, and cast delicate brushstrokes on the quiet mountains and forests and leisurely fields, creating an idyllic life, so as to express their dissatisfaction with reality and their yearning for a quiet and peaceful life.

The landscape idyll lies in the tranquil artistic conception and a touch of Zen. Just grasp these two points and start appreciating.

Affection for the landscape. Longing for a free life.

The landscape idylls in the 300 Tang poems are as follows:1. "Drinking and Staying in the Human Realm".

Wei Jin] Tao Yuanming.

The knot is in the human realm, and there is no noise of cars and horses.

How can you ask you? The heart is far away from itself.

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see the South Mountain.

The mountain weather is good, and the birds are returning.

There is a true meaning in this, and I have forgotten to distinguish it.

2, "Autumn Twilight in the Mountain House".

Tang] Wang Wei. After the new rain in the empty mountains, the weather is late in autumn.

The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring stone is upstream.

The bamboo noise returns to the Huannu, and the lotus moves the fishing boat.

Feel free to rest in spring, and the kings and grandchildren can stay.

3, "The Old Man's Village".

Tang] Meng Haoran.

The old man Gu Ji invited me to Tian's house.

The green tree village is close to the edge, and the green mountain Guo is oblique outside.

Open the noodle garden, and talk about the wine.

Stay until the Double Ninth Day, and come to chrysanthemums.

4, "Jiang Xue".

Tang] Liu Zongyuan.

Thousands of mountains and birds fly away, and thousands of people disappear.

Lonely boat, fishing alone in the cold river and snow.

5, "Birdsong Stream".

Tang] Wang Wei. People are idle and osmanthus falls, and the night is quiet and the spring mountain is empty.

The moonrise frightens the mountain birds, and the spring stream sings.

6, "Farewell to the South".

Tang] Wang Wei. The middle-aged man is quite good, and his late home is in the south of the mountains.

Every time you go alone, you know what you are winning.

Go to the poor place of the water, and sit and watch the clouds rise.

Occasionally, Lin Suo, talk and laugh without a repayment date.

1, Tang Dynasty Wang Wei "Bamboo Pavilion".

Sitting alone in the secluded grate, playing the piano and howling.

People in the deep forest don't know, and the bright moon comes to take pictures.

Translation: Sitting alone in the quiet bamboo forest, playing the piano and singing loudly. No one knows in the deep mountain forest, only a bright moon quietly accompanies me.

2, Liu Changqing of the Tang Dynasty "Sending Lingche to the Master".

Cangcang Bamboo Forest Temple, the bell rings late.

The lotus hat brings the slanting sun, and the green mountains return far away.

Translation: Looking at the Zhulin Temple in the mountains and forests, the bell ringing in the distance. He wore a hat and wore the afterglow of the sun, and walked towards the green mountains alone, gradually moving away.

3, Tang Dynasty Zhang Xu "Peach Blossom Creek".

The faint flying bridge is separated by smoke, and the fishing boat is asked on the west side of the rock.

The peach blossoms follow the flowing water all day long, and the hole is on the side of the clear stream.

Translation: The valley is full of clouds and smoke, and the high bridge over the stream looms; Stand on the west side of the rock and ask the fisherman who has returned from fishing. The peach blossoms here drift endlessly all day long with the flowing water, isn't this the peach blossom stream outside the peach blossom source? Do you know where the entrance to Taoyuan Cave is in Qingxi?

4. Tang Dynasty Wei Yingwu "Chuzhou West Stream".

The lonely grass stream grows on the side, and there are yellow orioles singing deep trees.

The spring tide brings rain and comes in a hurry, and the wild ferry is unmanned and self-controlled.

Translation: I only like the weeds that grow in the valley by the stream, and the yellow orioles that cry softly in the depths of the bushes. In the evening, the spring tide **, the spring rain is dripping, the water potential of the west stream is turbulent, and there is no one at the wilderness ferry, only a small boat leisurely across the water.

5, Tang Dynasty Meng Haoran "The Old Man's Village".

The old man Gu Ji invited me to Tian's house.

The green tree village is close to the edge, and the green mountain Guo is oblique outside.

Open the noodle garden, and talk about the wine.

Stay until the Double Ninth Day, and come to chrysanthemums.

Translation: An old friend prepares a sumptuous meal and invites me to his farmhouse. Verdant forests surround the village, and green hills loom outside the castle.

Push open the window and face the grain garden, drink wine, and talk about farming. When the Double Ninth Festival comes, I will come here to watch the chrysanthemums.

The representative poets of the Tang Dynasty's landscape idylls include Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, who are collectively known as "Wang Meng". The landscape idyllic poets are represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, so they are also called the Wang Meng poetry school.

Wang Wei's representative works include: "Autumn Evening in the Mountain House", "Memories of Shandong Brothers on September 9", "Make the Stop", "Luchai", "Bamboo Pavilion", "Farewell in the Mountains" and so on.

Meng Haoran's representative works include: "Spring Dawn", "Sujian Dejiang", "Summer Nanting Huaixinda", "Ascending Daxian Mountain with Zhuzi", "Sutonglu River Sending Guangling Old Tour", "Passing the Old Man's Village", "Song of Returning to Lumen at Night", "Song of Returning to Lumen at Night", etc.

The famous landscape poet of the Tang Dynasty is Wang Wei, he is in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, first in the court, how tired of returning to simplicity and returning to the truth, the achievement of landscape idyllic poets, his poems are fresh, timeless, vivid and simple.

The landscape idyll originated from Xie Lingyun in the Northern and Southern Dynasties and Tao Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty, and the representative figures of the Tang Dynasty were Wang Wei and Meng Haoran.

Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Wang Wei can not only make poems, but also paint.

In the history of Chinese literature, Tao Yuanming was the first person to write a large number of poems about pastoral scenery and life. His landscape idylls created a new genre of classical Chinese poetry, the Landscape Idylls, which were highly praised by poets throughout the ages. In the era when metaphysics was prevalent and aestheticism dominated the entire literary world, the pastoral school gave Zhuo Li a new ideological content in the field of poetry and showed a great innovative spirit.

Tao Yuanming is an important poet in the history of Chinese literature. He lived in an era where formalism was prevalent, and his poems were full of works of metaphysics, meditation, and landscape modeling, deliberately pursuing floating characters in the qiyu, and laying splendid flowers on the form. Meng Haoran (689-740), known as Hao, was a native of Mengshan in Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei), and a famous landscape and pastoral poet in the Tang Dynasty.

Because he has never been employed, he is also known as "Mengshan people". Meng Haoran's poetry got rid of the narrow state of Yongwu in the early Tang Dynasty, and expressed more personal embrace, bringing a fresh breath to the Kaiyuan poetry circle and winning people's admiration. Meng Haoran was the first poet to write landscape poetry in the Tang Dynasty and the forerunner of Wang Wei.

His travel poems are vividly described, and the messages from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang are written in a majestic and vivid style.

Wang Wei (701-761, I say 699-761), his name is Mocha, his name is Mocha. Zhoupu, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) is a native of Qi County, Shanxi. A famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty.

The works are painted with shadows and shapes, and there is a sense of freehand and expressiveness, and the form and spirit are both. "There are paintings in poems, and there are poems in paintings". With a fresh and distant, natural and refined style, Wang Wei has created an artistic conception of "painting in poetry, poetry in painting" and "Zen in poetry", and has set up an unfailing banner in the poetry world.

Wang Wei has created an artistic conception of "painting in poetry, poetry in painting, and Zen in poetry" in a fresh, distant and natural style, and has set up an invincible banner in the poetry world.

The representatives of the Tang Dynasty landscape idyllic poetry school are: Wang Wei, who is known as the poetry Buddha, he is the representative of the landscape idyllic poetry school in the late Tang Dynasty, and Meng Haoran, the first to write landscape poems in the Tang Dynasty.

Poet of the Landscape Pastoral School.

The representative poets of landscape idylls are Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Tao Qian, Xie Lingyun, Liu Zongyuan, and landscape idylls originated from Xie Lingyun of the Northern and Southern Dynasties and Tao Yuanming of the Jin Dynasty, represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty.

Wang wei. Meng Haoran. Standing Built. Liu Zongyuan. Chu Guangxi. and so on, all represented by these poets. They are also very famous poets.

There are many, such as Tao Yuanming, Meng Haoran and Wang Weize, Xie Lingyun, Liu Zongyuan, Wang Wei, these are all very good poets. And they have written many excellent poems.

1, Meng Haoran.

Meng Haoran (689-740), known as Hao, the word Haoran, the name Mengshan, Xiangzhou Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei) 62616964757a686964616fe4b893e5b19e31333433643131, a famous landscape and pastoral poet in the Tang Dynasty, known as "Meng Xiangyang". Because he has never entered the office, he is also called "Monsanite".

Meng Haoran was born in the Tang Dynasty, and in his early years, he had ambitions to use the world, and after the difficulties in his career and the pain and disappointment, he was still able to respect himself, not kitsch, and retreated to seclusion for life. He once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. At the age of 40, he traveled to Chang'an, and he was not ranked in the Jinshi.

He once wrote poems in Taixue, and his name moved the minister, and he was convinced, and he put down his pen for it. In the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan (737), Zhang Jiuling was recruited by the shogunate, and then lived in seclusion. Most of Meng's poems are five-character short stories, mostly writing about landscapes and pastorals, the pleasure of seclusion, and the mood of detention and service.

2, Wang Wei. Wang Wei (701 761 years, one says 699 761 years), the word Maha, the name Mahaju. He is a native of Puzhou, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), and his ancestral home is Qi County, Shanxi. Tang Dynasty poet and painter.

Wang Wei's landscape idylls not only depict the natural beauty, but also reveal the leisure and sloppiness of idle life. Wang Wei became increasingly depressed from middle age onwards, seeking sustenance in Buddhism and landscapes. This sentiment is fully reflected in his poetry.

In the past, many people admired Wang Wei's poems, not only because of their high artistic skills, but also because they resonated with the leisure and negative thoughts embodied in them.

Tao Yuan, Ming, Sui and Tang dynasties.

There are more and more poets who like Tao Yuanming's poems, and their evaluation of Tao Yuanming is getting higher and higher. Wang Ji of the early Tang Dynasty was an idyllic poet, who, like Tao Yuanming, retired to the countryside many times and entertained himself with gin and wine.

Meng Haoran's worship.

Meng Haoran, a landscape and pastoral poet of the Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much, and he wrote in "Midsummer Return to Hannan to Send Jingyi Old Tour":

Appreciating the "Biography of Gao Shi", the best Tao Zhengjun, his eyes are idyllic, and he calls himself a Xihuang person.

Li Bai's admiration.

Li Bai admired Tao Yuanming's character and poems. wrote in "Drama for Zheng Liyang":

Tao Ling is drunk day by day, and he doesn't know Wuliuchun.

The plain piano has no strings, and the kudzu scarf is used for drinking.

Under the north window of the breeze, he calls himself the Xihuang people.

When to Lili, I saw my relatives.

Li Bai's idea of "An Neng destroys his eyebrows and bends his waist to deal with the powerful" and Tao Yuanming's spirit of "not bending his waist for five buckets of rice" are in the same line.

Du Fu's appreciation.

After the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu lived a life of exile and regarded Tao Yuanming as a confidant, he wrote in "Feng Ji Henan Wei Yin Zhangren":

Relief should be wine, and poetry is not greater.

This meaning is subtly understood, and I will be born after you.

Bai Juyi's admiration.

Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much. In the tenth year of Tang Yuanhe (815), Bai Juyi was demoted to Sima of Jiangzhou, which was very close to Tao Yuanming's hometown of Xunyang. He once visited Tao Yuanming's former residence and wrote the poem "Visiting Tao Gong's Old Residence".

In the poem, "dust does not stain jade, and the spirit phoenix does not peck fish" is used to praise Tao Yuanming's noble personality, and finally wrote:

The ancient village of Chaisang, the old mountains and rivers of Lili.

There is no chrysanthemum under the fence, and there is smoke in the empty ruins.

Although the descendants have not heard of it, the clan has not moved.

Every time someone surnamed Tao is there, my heart is still there.

Bai Juyi wrote in "Sixteen Songs of Imitation Pottery Latent":

Mr. has been with me for a long time, and there are posthumous words on paper and ink.

I was persuaded to drink one after another, but there was nothing else.

I came from the eldest and admired him as a man.

Others are unreachable, and the effect is drunk and drowsy.

The literati of ancient China had a common habit of alcoholism, which was inseparable from the influence of Tao Yuanming. Bai Juyi's poem says it very clearly: "Others are unattainable, and they are drunk and drowsy." ”