What are the environmental hazards of mercury containing batteries?

Mercury-free batteries refer to zinc-manganese dry batteries that do not add mercuric chloride to the electrolyte or alkaline zinc-manganese batteries that are not amalgamized in zinc paste. Harmful to the environment.

Mercury-free battery is an environmentally friendly battery, and the additives in it are replaced with other materials, which is actually a relief, because such batteries are still toxic and contain a lot of heavy metals, but the toxicity is small.

Experiments have proven that mercury-free batteries are also harmful:

The germination rate of mung bean seeds in clean water was 100%, the germination rate of mung bean seeds in a battery leaching solution labeled "low mercury zinc-manganese" was 0, and the germination rate of mung bean seeds in a battery leaching solution labeled "mercury-cadmium 0" was 100%.

However, the germination of seeds is later than that in clear water, and the seeds stop growing after germination, and finally become moldy and necrotic. It can be concluded that low-mercury and mercury-free waste batteries are harmful to the germination and growth of mung bean seeds.

It is a battery that is a little harmful to the environment.

1. Relevant experts pointed out that in our lives, if a No. 1 battery rots in the ground, it will cause one square meter of land to lose any use value. If the waste battery is mixed with domestic garbage, the battery will rot, which will dissolve the cadmium, lead, nickel, mercury and other heavy metals in the rotten battery, which will pollute the soil and water, and eventually endanger human health through the food chain. If people are poisoned by mercury, it will lead to diseases of the central nervous system, and the mortality rate is as high as about 40%.

Therefore, cadmium is recognized by experts as a Class I carcinogen.

2. After the experts identified, they also found that there are five substances in the natural environment that pose the greatest threat to the soil, and batteries contain three of them: mercury, lead, and cadmium. Mercury is known as mercury, which is a high carcinogen.

Mercury is a toxic substance, and scientists have found that the toxicity of mercury can also have adverse effects on the immune system, endocrine system, etc., and children are more vulnerable.

3. The cadmium in the battery, if it is mistakenly entered into the human body, is very easy to cause chronic poisoning. Because cadmium is a very toxic heavy metal, the main symptoms are osteomalacia, anemia, emphysema, and it is likely to paralyze the human body. If it is a mine containing cadmium or wastewater, it pollutes the pasture, grain, and soil on both sides of the river and the river water, and enters the human body through the food chain and slowly accumulates in the bones and kidneys.

It will replace the calcium in the bone, causing the bone to be severely softened and even broken, and the toxicity of cadmium is potential.

4. The lead in the battery, if it enters the human body, is the most difficult to excrete, it interferes with reproductive function and kidney function. Data indicate that the biological half-life of lead in the human body is 20-40 years. The toxicity of lead to human organs and tissues is multifaceted and extremely difficult.

Since lead compounds have varying degrees of toxicity, if lead is removed from wastewater by any method, it can only change the existence of any method to remove lead from wastewater, but it does not eliminate the final toxicity. Therefore, the treatment of lead wastewater is best combined with **.

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy in a cup, trough or other container or composite container that has an electrolyte solution and metal electrodes to generate electric current. It has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. With the advancement of technology, batteries generally refer to small devices that can generate electrical energy.

Using the battery as energy, you can get a current with stable voltage, stable current, stable power supply for a long time, and little influence from the outside world, and the battery structure is simple, easy to carry, simple and easy to charge and discharge, not affected by the external climate and temperature, stable and reliable performance, and plays a great role in all aspects of modern social life.

As we all know, the mercury contained in batteries is one of the main culprits of environmental pollution. In order to reduce pollution, there are some batteries marked with mercury-free keys on the market, so will mercury-free batteries pollute the environment? Can mercury-free batteries be thrown in the trash? Let's take a look.

At present, mercury-free batteries meet environmental requirements and can be used safely. But that's only about the environment! It is still harmful if exposed to food or the mouth, and batteries are also contaminated with mercury and other heavy metals.

Mercury is a heavy metal that can easily pollute the environment and water sources if discarded. Although these batteries are labeled as mercury-free, the active chemicals in them are still polluting the land, so mercury-free batteries cannot be disposed of in the garbage.

The mass production of mercury-containing batteries is one of the important factors contributing to the environmental mercury hazard. At present, most dry batteries on the market use mercury compounds as zinc negative corrosion inhibitors. Mercury-free batteries degrade naturally.

Don't buy a battery. No. 5 and No. 7, which should only be labeled as "mercury-free and environmentally friendly". When batteries run out, they are thrown in the trash and generally do not cause damage to the environment.

1. The mercury discarded in the battery in nature will slowly overflow from the battery, enter the soil or water source, and then enter the human body through the purchase and sales of crops, damaging the human kidneys. Under the action of microorganisms, inorganic mercury can be converted into methylmercury, which gathers in the body of fish, and after people eat this fish, methylmercury will enter human brain cells, causing serious damage to the human nervous system, and the serious ones will go crazy and die. The famous Japanese Minamata disease is caused by methylmercury.

2. The leakage of acid and heavy metal lead contained in automobile waste batteries into nature can cause soil and water pollution, and ultimately cause harm to people.

3. Cadmium exudates and pollutes land and water, and eventually enters the human body to damage the liver and kidneys, and will also cause bone softness, and in severe cases, cause bone deformation.

4. A No. 1 battery rots in the soil, which can make one square meter of land lose its use value. A button battery can pollute 600,000 liters of water, which is equivalent to the amount of water a person drinks in a lifetime. According to statistics, in Beijing alone, 29 tons of mercury enter the natural environment every year due to waste batteries.

5. It is very easy to cause chronic poisoning in the human body, which is a very toxic heavy metal, and the main diseases are emphysema, osteomalacia, anemia, which is likely to paralyze the human body. Lead is the most difficult to excrete after entering the human body, and it interferes with kidney function and reproductive function. Japan's "pain" that shocked the world was caused by cadmium pollution.

In newspapers and street billboards, there are often advertisements that "batteries cause great harm to the environment and should be reasonable". I thought, why do batteries cause environmental pollution? How harmful is it?

In order to figure this out, I disassembled a few used batteries and checked the information. It turns out that waste batteries contain a large amount of heavy metals and electrolyte solutions such as waste acid and waste alkali.

If a No. 1 battery rots in the ground, its toxic substances can make one square meter of land useless; Throwing a button battery into the water will cause 600,000 litres of water pollution, which is equivalent to the amount of water used in a person's lifetime. Waste batteries contain heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc, manganese, etc., among which cadmium, lead, and mercury are substances that are more harmful to the human body. Mercury is what we commonly call "mercury" and will make people.

The nervous system is severely damaged, and in severe cases, it can go crazy to death, and the famous Japanese Minamata disease is caused by methylmercury. Cadmium, which is nephrotoxic, causes irreversible kidney damage, and may be secondary to osteoporosis, osteomalacia and fractures after kidney injury; Lead can inhibit the synthesis and metabolism of hemoglobin, and can also directly act on mature red blood cells, which is very toxic to infants and young children. Although metals such as nickel and zinc are beneficial substances within a certain concentration range, exceeding the limit in the environment will also cause harm to the human body.

At present, most of China's waste batteries are mixed with domestic garbage and are buried on the ground, over time, after transformation, the battery decays, and heavy metals are dissolved, which will not only affect the germination and growth of seeds, but also cause the pollution of rivers, rivers, lakes, seas and other water bodies, endanger the survival of aquatic organisms and the utilization of water resources, waste acid, waste alkali and other electrolyte solutions may pollute the land, make the land acidified and salinized, and finally enter the human biological chain through various ways, indirectly threatening human health. It's like a ticking time bomb planted around us.

Therefore, the collection and disposal of waste batteries is very important, and if not properly disposed of, it may cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health.