What are the classifications of muscular dystrophy?

1. Facicoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

If the patient belongs to facicoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, it will generally occur in adolescence, after the onset of the patient's upper eyelids begin to droop, the frontal lines and nasolabial folds become more and more shallow, the upper limbs can not be raised or need special force to lift, and the patient is particularly difficult to do frowning, closing eyes, closing mouth, cheeks and other movements, biceps, deltoid and other muscles will have obvious atrophy symptoms.

2. Benign muscular dystrophy.

This muscular dystrophy can occur between the ages of 5 and 20, and patients can still walk around the age of 12, but after 15 to 20 years of illness, they are generally unable to walk, which has a great impact on the quality of life of patients. This type of muscular dystrophy can affect the heart and in severe cases can lead to bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, etc.

3. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.

This is a chromosomal recessive genetic disease, both men and women may develop the disease, generally at the age of 20 to 30 years old, at the beginning of the patient's upper limbs are affected, it is more difficult to do the lifting action, after many years of onset, it will affect the lower limbs, at this time the muscles of the lower limbs are atrophied, which will make the patient feel particularly difficult when doing upstairs, squatting and other actions, and some patients' hearts will also be affected.

4. Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.

The onset of this muscular dystrophy is relatively late, generally around 40 to 60 years old, the most obvious symptoms of patients are ptosis, dysphagia, the progression of this disease is relatively slow, but some people will suffer from dysphagia resulting in malnutrition, or aspiration pneumonia and death.

Muscular dystrophy is a disease in which a certain protein on the muscle cells is mutated, resulting in the failure of muscle cells to function properly and function normally, which in turn leads to the loss of muscle cells and the weakness and atrophy of muscles. Muscular dystrophy is divided into progressive muscular dystrophy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is divided into autosomal, dominantly inherited limb-girdle muscular dystrophy and autosomal recessive, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, in addition to congenital muscular dystrophy, which refers to infancy, or some genes that occur in the fetal period overlap with self-girdle muscular dystrophy.

There can also be many types of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, myotonic muscular dystrophy and so on.

Beijing Deshengmen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Yin Shirong-Department of Impotence-Chief Physician-What are the types of muscular dystrophy?

Classification of muscular dystrophy Congenital muscular dystrophy is caused by the inheritance of muscular dystrophy in the parents, and there is acquired spontaneous muscular dystrophy, so we must eat more foods rich in vitamins and proteins, which can effectively alleviate the situation of muscular dystrophy, and do not exercise a lot during this period to avoid overwork and affect the recovery of the body.

Muscular dystrophy can be divided into the following types according to the genetic mode, age of onset, distribution of atrophic muscles, the rate of progression of the disease course and prognosis, pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, faciculoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, congenital muscular dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, oculomuscular dystrophy and distal muscular dystrophy.

Among them, pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is further divided into DMD and BMD muscular dystrophy. The various types of muscular dystrophy have different genetic locations, mutation types, and inheritance patterns, and the pathogenic mechanisms are also different.

Malnutrition makes you pale, your limbs weak, and your hair is not shiny.

Weakness in the limbs and dull hair.

The facial muscles are affected early, and the eyes are not tightly closed during sleep, the blowing is weak, and the face is smiling bitterly. Atrophy and weakness of the neck muscles, shoulder girdle muscles, and brachial muscles gradually appear. The muscles of the shoulder girdle and humerus are atrophied, and the acromions on both sides are markedly carina.

Typical symptoms:

Progressive worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness of varying degrees and distributions.

Common symptoms:1Pseudohypertrophy: onset in early childhood, manifested by delayed walking age, slow walking, easy falling, and difficulty getting up after falling. Most children lose the ability to walk by the age of 10 and often die before the age of 20 due to concomitant lung infections, pressure ulcers and other diseases.

2.Scapular-humeral type: the facial muscles are affected early, and the eyes are not tightly closed during sleep, the blowing is weak, and the face is smiling bitterly.

3.Limb girdle type: the first symptom is weakness and atrophy of the pelvic girdle muscles.

4.Ophthalmophyroid type: presents with ptosis and progressive extraocular muscle paralysis.

5.Distal: presents with progressive distal small muscle atrophy that progresses proximally.

Muscular dystrophy, as the name suggests, refers to muscular dystrophy. The effects of muscular dystrophy on patients are not only internal but also external, as it can lead to all kinds of strange symptoms on the patient's appearance. There are many types of muscular dystrophy, and the specific symptoms vary for different types of muscular dystrophy.

Below, I will give you a detailed introduction to the classification of muscular dystrophy.

1. False hypertrophy.

It is X-linked recessive inheritance, which is the most common type, and can be divided into Duchenne type and Becker according to the national clinical manifestations.

1. Duchenne malnutrition (DMD): also known as severe pseudohypertrophic malnutrition, almost only seen in boys, if the mother is a gene carrier, 50% of male offspring are sick, often onset at the age of 2-8 years, the initial feeling of walking clumsiness, easy to fall, can not run and climb the stairs, lordosis when standing, abdomen protrudes, feet aside, walking slowly swaying, special"Duck step"Gait, when standing up from a back, is very difficult, first roll over and lie on your stomach, then climb your knees with both hands, and gradually support yourself upwards to stand (Gower sign). It can also be seen in the proximal limb muscles, quadriceps, and brachial muscles.

2. Becker type (BMD): also known as benign pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, often onset after the age of 10, the first symptom is the weakness of the pelvic girdle and femoral muscles, the progress is slow, the course of the disease is long, and the symptoms appear for more than a year before they can not walk, most of them are still not paralyzed at the age of 30-40, and the prognosis is better.

2. Face-shoulder-humeral shape.

Both men and women, young menstrual onset, first facial muscle weakness, often asymmetrical, can not show teeth, protruding lips, closed eyes and frowning, orbicularis oculi muscle can have pseudohypertrophy, resulting in lip hypertrophy and protruding lip, some shoulder and humeral muscles are first affected, so that the arms can not be raised to form a hanging shoulder, the upper arm muscles atrophy, but the forearm and hand muscles are not violated. The course of the disease progresses very slowly, often with abruptness or remission.

3. Limb belt type.

It is seen in both sexes, and it begins in children or young adults, first affecting the pelvic girdle muscles and psoas major muscles, difficulty walking, inability to climb stairs, swaying gait, often falling, and some only involve the quadriceps muscles. The course of the disease progresses very slowly.

4. Other types.

Quadriceps type, distal type, basic extraocular paralysis type, ophthalmo-pharyngeal muscle type, etc., are very rare.

At present, the most common types of muscular dystrophy are: pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, myotonic muscular dystrophy, and facicoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, followed by limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.

Muscular dystrophy can be divided into pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, faciculoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, oculomyogenic muscular dystrophy, emery-dreifuss muscular dystrophy, distal muscular dystrophy, and congenital muscular dystrophy. The most common of the types of progressive muscular dystrophy is pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy. The disease begins at the age of 3-5 years, with symptoms such as muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, and muscle pseudohypertrophy, most of which will be accompanied by heart damage, some children have intellectual impairment, and they cannot walk at the age of 12, and most of them die at the age of 20-30.