What are the symptoms of muscular dystrophy? What are the symptoms of muscular dystrophy?

The symptoms of muscular dystrophy are as follows:

First, when young children suffer from muscular dystrophy, the main symptom is that they walk slowly, and the walking age is delayed, and they are prone to falling, and it is difficult for them to get up after falling.

Second, the small muscles in the distal end will gradually atrophy and gradually develop proximally.

Third, when the facial muscles are affected, it will lead to a wry smile and a closed eyes. Fourth, the eye muscles are involved, and there will be ptosis or progressive extraocular muscle paralysis.

1. The symptoms of fatigue may be fatigue without any precipitating factors when you first come to the doctor, and fatigue may be cyclical, that is, muscle weakness will occur at a specific time every day. As fatigue worsens, it is not even possible to walk upright. 2. In the case of muscle atrophy, you can do normal activities and diet, while the muscles will have progressive atrophy and slender limbs.

3. Muscle tone is significantly reduced, and muscle tone refers to the tension maintained by muscles when they are inactive. If the patient's joint is passively stretched, the muscles will reflexively produce tension, which in turn will maintain the stability of the joint and prevent the joint from overmoving. Patients with this type of disease may feel a decrease in muscle tone and weakness all over their joints when they stretch their joints.

The symptoms of muscular dystrophy are relatively typical, manifested as progressive muscle weakness, atrophy, dyspnea, hypoxia, etc., and cataracts, diabetes, constipation and other related diseases can also occur when other systems are involved.

1. Typical symptoms.

1. Muscle weakness: It is the main symptom of this disease, and the patient's muscle weakness is progressively aggravated and needs to be controlled in time.

2. Muscle atrophy: often secondary to muscle weakness, which is an important manifestation of muscle degeneration.

3. Dyspnea: It is an important manifestation of muscular dystrophy involving respiratory muscles, and in severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure.

4. Hypoxia: It is a symptom secondary to dyspnea, and the inhaled oxygen is not enough to maintain the normal wear and tear of the body, resulting in hypoxia, which is manifested as palpitation, shortness of breath, etc.

2. Other symptoms.

1. Pseudohypertrophic macrotrophy can appear Duchenne type malnutrition, manifested as onset at the age of 3 5 years old, unable to walk at about 12 years old, death due to respiratory failure at the age of 20 or 30 years old, and Becker muscular dystrophy, which has a late onset and is mostly 5 or 15 years old, which does not affect the natural life expectancy.

2. Myotonic dystrophy, which is mainly manifested as muscle weakness, muscle rigidity, muscle atrophy, etc.

3. Facicoscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, with few facial expressions, weakness of closed eyes, and muscle atrophy of arms and shoulders are common symptoms of the disease.

4. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, manifested as slow walking, tiptoe landing, easy falling, etc., gradually appearing difficulty in lifting hands, winged shoulder blades and other manifestations.

5. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, elbow contracture, Achilles tendon shortening, neck extension restriction and other main symptoms.

6. Congenital muscular dystrophy, symptoms appear at birth, mainly including general muscle weakness, joint contractures, low crying, etc.

7. Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, symptoms appear around the age of 40, mainly manifested by drooping eyelids and eye movement disorders.

8. Ocular muscular dystrophy, symptoms appear at the age of 20 or 30, mainly manifested as bilateral eyelid drooping, head tilt, and deepening frontal lines.

9. In distal muscular dystrophy, muscle atrophy around the hands and feet is the main symptom.

When we suffer from muscular dystrophy, it will have a great impact on our life and work, so early detection and ** is very important, so we should have an understanding of the symptoms of muscular dystrophy, so as not to miss the best ** period, make the condition worse, resulting in an extremely difficult situation. Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders characterized by progressively worsening muscle weakness and muscle degeneration that governs movement. The main manifestations are progressive worsening of skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness with varying degrees of plexus wax and distribution.

So what are the symptoms of muscular dystrophy? The following is a detailed introduction to the symptoms of muscular dystrophy.

Symptoms of Poor Muscle Dystrophy:

1.When walking, the lumbar spine is excessively lordosis, and the pelvis and lower limbs are swaying, similar to the "duck step" gait.

2.Because of the weakness and atrophy of the shoulder girdle muscles, a "winged shoulder blade" can be seen when the arms are stretched forward.

3.Proximal weakness of both lower limbs, difficulty in running, easy falling, and difficulty going upstairs.

4.The muscles of the proximal extremities, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle are markedly atrophied.

5.When standing up from the supine position, it shows a special posture such as first turning over and lying on the stomach, and then supporting the ground with both hands, supporting the knees, and extending the waist, also known as the Gowers sign.

6.Oculopharyngeal type: drooping eyelids, impaired ocular motility; Dysphagia, slurred arthria.

7.Symptoms of muscular dystrophy are pseudohypertrophy of the gastrocnemius or deltoid muscles, for example.

8.Facial, scapulohumeral: myopathic facial, closed eyes, pouting, hypertrophied lips, etc.; pterygoid scapula; The upper arms are thin.

9.Limb girdle type: weakness and atrophy of the proximal muscles of the limbs; It is difficult to go upstairs, and you can't raise your arms over your shoulders.

Muscular dystrophy usually presents insidiously at the age of 3 to 5 years, and the prominent symptoms are weakness of the pelvic girdle muscles, manifested by slow walking, tiptoe landing, easy falling, difficulty in ascending stairs and squatting position, and typical duck steps when walking. With the aggravation of symptoms, Achilles tendon contracture, foot drop, difficulty walking on flat ground, orange blades on both sides of the shoulder posture are wing-shaped, erect and lumped on the back, called pterygoid scapula, 90% of patients have muscle pseudohypertrophy, tough to the touch, most obvious to the gastrocnemius muscle, some patients can be accompanied by myocardial damage, such as arrhythmia.

Symptoms and diagnosis.

Typical symptoms] 1.Pseudohypertrophy: onset in early childhood, manifested by delayed walking age, slow walking, easy falling, and difficulty getting up after falling.

Most children lose the ability to walk by the age of 10 and often die before the age of 20 due to concomitant lung infections, pressure ulcers and other diseases. 2.Shoulder-humeral:

The facial muscles are affected early, and the eyes are not tightly closed during sleep, the blowing is weak, and the face is smiling bitterly. 3.Limb girdle type:

The first symptom is weakness and atrophy of the pelvic girdle muscles. 4.Ophthalmic type:

Presents with ptosis and progressive extraocular muscle palsy. 5.Distal type:

Presents with progressive distal small muscle atrophy that progresses proximally.

Other symptoms] Some people with blindness have varying degrees of reduced IQ.

Diagnosis basis] According to the typical medical history, positive family history, the distribution characteristics of muscle dystrophy and weakness, combined with elevated serum muscle enzymes, electromyography shows myogenic changes, and muscle biopsy pathology is characterized by muscular dystrophy or myogenic changes, and most muscular dystrophy can be clinically diagnosed. Further diagnosis or specific typing requires immunohistochemical staining of muscle tissue and genetic analysis.

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Muscular dystrophy, such as myotonic dystrophy, usually occurs between the ages of 20 and 40, and the main symptom is the weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the whole body, and this muscular dystrophy first affects the face, hands, feet, and neck of the patient. However, because the disease progresses very slowly, the patient will still live for a long time. This type is very hereditary.

Progressive muscular dystrophy (pseudohypertrophy) is a genetic disorder controlled by a recessive pathogenic gene located on the X chromosome, characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle, gradual loss of muscle strength, and finally complete loss of exercise capacity. Occurs mainly in boys; Females are carriers of the gene and have a significant family history of the disease. The child has difficulty walking due to muscle atrophy and weakness, and the bilateral gastrocnemius muscles are pseudohypertrophied (muscle tissue is replaced by connective tissue) in the later stages of the disease.

Onset is more common than 4 to 5 years of age, usually no later than 7 years of age. Children sitting, standing and walking later than ordinary children, and are often noticed after they can walk, and most of them are not noticed until after the age of 3 years. Will walk slowly, with an unsteady gait, swaying from side to side, as if"Duck step"。

Easy to fall, difficult to climb the ladder, unable to stand up quickly after squatting; After the age of 3-5, the muscles of the chest, shoulders and buttocks gradually atrophy, loosen and thin, while the deltoid muscles and gastrocnemius muscles become thicker and harder, inelastic, and die before the age of 20.

Symptoms and Signs of Muscular Dystrophy:

According to the typical genetic form and the main clinical manifestations, muscular dystrophy can be classified into the following types:

a) False hypertrophy:

It is X-linked recessive inheritance, which is the most common type, and can be divided into Duchenne type and Becker according to clinical manifestations.

1, Duchenne malnutrition (DMD): also known as severe pseudohypertrophic malnutrition, almost only seen in boys, if the mother is a gene carrier, 50% of male offspring onset, often onset at the age of 2-8 years, the initial sense of walking clumsy, easy to fall, can not run and climb the stairs, standing lordosis, abdomen protrusion, feet aside, walking slowly swaying, a special "duck step" gait, when walking from the back is very difficult, must first turn over and lie on the stomach, and then climb the knees with both hands, Gradual upward support to rise (Gower sign) may also be seen in the proximal limb muscles, quadriceps, and brachial muscles.

2. Becker type (BMD): also known as benign pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, often onset after the age of 10, the first symptom is the weakness of the pelvic girdle and femoral muscles, the progress is slow, the course of the disease is long, and the symptoms appear 25 years or more before they can not walk, most of them are still not paralyzed at the age of 30-40, and the prognosis is better.

2) Facicoshoulder-humeral muscular dystrophy:

Both men and women, onset in adolescence, first facial muscle weakness, often asymmetry, inability to show teeth, protruding lips. Closed eyes and frowning, orbicularis oculi muscle may have pseudohypertrophy, resulting in hypertrophy of the lips and protruding lips, and some shoulder and brachial muscles are first affected, so that the arms cannot be lifted up to form a hanging shoulder, and the upper arm muscles are atrophied, but the muscles of the forearm and hand are not violated, and the course of the disease progresses very slowly, and there are often setbacks or reliefs.

3) Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy:

It is seen in both sexes, and it begins in children or young adults, first affecting the pelvic girdle muscles and psoas major muscles, difficulty in walking, inability to climb stairs, swaying gait, often falling, and some only involve the quadriceps muscles, and the course of the disease progresses very slowly.

iv) Other types:

Quadriceps type, distal type, progressive extraocular muscle paralysis type, ophthalmo-pharyngeal type, etc., are very rare.

1.Pseudohypertrophy: sex-linked recessive inheritance, male disease, female carrying.

Onset in early childhood, manifested by delayed walking age, slow walking, easy falling, and difficulty getting up after falling. IQ shirt ruined Zheng has decreased to varying degrees. More than half have cardiac damage and abnormal ECG.

Early myocardial hypertrophy is present, and there are often no symptoms except palpitations.

2.Scapular-humeral type: autosomal dominant inheritance, can occur in both men and women, and the disease varies from mild to severe. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, insidious in early childhood or adolescence, and may not be detected until several years after the onset of the disease. In most cases, there is no impact on lifespan.

3.Limb-girdle type: more complex, not a single disease, some are autosomal recessive. It can occur in both sexes. Most of them start in adolescents, and some of them are late. The severity of the disease and the rate of progression vary widely.

4.Ophthalmotype: rare.

Some patients are autosomal dominant and present at different ages. Presents with ptosis and progressive extraocular muscle palsy. Some patients experience muscle weakness and atrophy of the head, face, throat, neck, or other limbs.

A small number of patients may have damage to the spinal cord, cerebellum, and retina, mental retardation, and abnormally high cerebrospinal fluid proteins.

5.Distal type: depending on the age of onset, it can be divided into several subtypes from early childhood to late middle age, which are autosomal dominant or recessive. Presents with progressive distal small or sung muscle atrophy that progresses proximally and progresses slowly without affecting lifespan.

Analysis:

First, the vast majority of children have pseudohypertrophy of the lower leg, and a small number of patients can see pseudohypertrophy of the tongue or shoulder (deltoid). At this point, most children are paralyzed in bed.

2. At the beginning of the disease, the patient walked clumsily, easily falls, and had difficulty running, and then gradually had difficulty walking and going upstairs, and difficulty in squatting and standing up.

3. In severe cases, there is a typical duck step, with a convex back when standing, a stomach that is pushed forward, feet that are turned outward, and a slow sway when walking. It is very difficult to stand up from lying down to getting up, so you must first turn over and lie on your stomach, then support your knees with your hands, and gradually support yourself upwards to stand up, raising your hands no more than your shoulders.

Guidance: If there is a family history of muscular dystrophy, a specialist should be consulted for a detailed analysis. The most harmful to children's health in muscular dystrophy is the Duchenne type of pseudohypertrophy. Therefore, the detection of carriers is of great guiding significance for the prevention of Duchenne type and marital status.