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Anonymous users2024-02-06The switch controls the entire circuit at any location, i.e. its role is independent of its location. There is only one path for the current, and the current that passes through one lamp must pass through the other. If one light goes out, the other must go out.
Advantages: If you want to control all the circuits in one circuit, you can use a circuit connected in series;
Disadvantages: As long as there is a disconnection, the whole circuit becomes an open circuit, that is, the electronic components connected in series cannot work normally;
Distinction: There are no bifurcations (branches) in series circuits.
The method of calculating the current.
In series circuits: u=u1+u2, i=i1=i2
In parallel circuits: u=u1=u2, i=i1+i2
In the above formula: u is the voltage and i is the current.
The direction of the current is the same as the direction in which the positive charge moves in the circuit. It is not the positive charge that actually moves, but the negative charge moves. The flow of electrons is the movement of electrons (negative charges) in a circuit in the opposite direction of the electric current. The current intensity can be expressed by the formula as:
where q is the amount of electricity (in coulombs) and t is time (in seconds).
1a=1c/s）
partial circuit Ohm's law) or i=e (electromotive force) (r[outside]+r[inside]) or i=e (r+rg[detector resistance]+r) (ohm's law for closed circuits).
In a circuit, if the positive and negative ions move at the same time to form an electric current, then q is the sum of the two charges.
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Anonymous users2024-02-05The law of current in a series circuit.
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Anonymous users2024-02-041. Series circuit.
1.Voltage law of series circuit: The total voltage at both ends of the series circuit is equal to the sum of the voltages at both ends of each electrical appliance.
That is: u=u1+u2
u1∶u2∶u3=ir1∶ir2∶ir3=r1∶r2∶r3
p1∶p2∶p3=i2r1∶i2r2∶i2r3=r1∶r2∶r3
2.Features of series circuits:
1) There is only one path for the current.
2) The switch controls the on/off of the entire circuit.
3) Mutual influence between electrical appliances.
3.The current law of the series circuit: i=i1=i2
2. Parallel circuit.
1.The law of parallel circuits.
1) The voltage of each branch in the parallel circuit is equal and equal to the power supply voltage.
u=u1=u2
2) The dry current (or total current) in the parallel circuit is equal to the sum of the currents of each branch.
i=i1+i2
3) The reciprocal of the total resistance in the parallel circuit is equal to the reciprocal sum of the resistance of each branch.
1 r=1 r1+1 r2 or written as: r=r1*r2 (r1+r2).
4) The ratio of the current of each branch in the parallel circuit is equal to the inverse ratio of the resistance of each branch.
i1/i2=r2/r1
5) The ratio of the power of each branch in the parallel circuit is equal to the inverse ratio of the resistance of each branch.
p1/p2=r2/r1
6) Parallel circuit: Adding electrical appliances is equivalent to increasing the cross-sectional area of resistance Definition: electrical appliances are connected in parallel in the circuit.
Features: The circuit can be divided into trunk circuit and branch circuit, one branch is disconnected, and the other branch can also form a current path, so the circuit fault can not be eliminated by short-circuit method.
Uses: household circuits, modeling lamps for large buildings, urban street lights; Shunt.
2.Features of parallel circuits:
1) The circuit has several paths.
2) The trunk switch controls all the electrical appliances, and the branch switch controls the electrical appliances of the branch where it is located.
3) The electrical appliances have no influence on each other.
And in series circuits, the currents are equal everywhere;
In parallel circuits, the voltages are equal everywhere;
3. Advantages of series: so in the circuit, if you want to control all the circuits, you can use the circuit in series;
Fourth, the disadvantages of tandem; If one of the appliances in the circuit is broken, the entire circuit means that it is broken.
5. Advantages of parallel connection: an electrical appliance can be used to complete the work independently, which is suitable for street lamps on both sides of the road.
6. Disadvantages of parallel connection: If the parallel circuit is connected, the sum of the current everywhere is equal to the total current, which shows that the current consumption in the parallel circuit is large.
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