What are the features of a time charter? What are the ways to operate a time charter

1. The captain shall be appointed by the owner of the ship, and the crew shall also be manned by the owner of the ship and shall bear their wages and provisions, but the captain shall obey the command of the charterer, otherwise the charterer shall have the right to request the owner of the ship to be replaced.

2. The charterer is responsible for the operation and scheduling of the ship, and bears the ship's fuel costs, port fees, cargo handling fees, canal tolls and other expenses related to the operation, while the ship owner bears the depreciation costs of the ship.

Ship maintenance costs such as repair and maintenance costs, marine material costs, lubricating oil costs, and ship insurance premiums.

3. The rent is calculated according to the deadweight tonnage of the ship, the length of the lease period and the agreed rental rate.

4. The charterparty contains provisions on the delivery and return of the ship, as well as on the suspension of the charter.

5. It is often stipulated in longer-term time charter parties"Escalation clause"To protect the shipowner from a loss of profit or loss due to a portion of the charge** during the charter period. As the rent is determined, it usually does not change during the term of the lease, if it is specified in the contract"Auto-increment terms"When the specified fee **, the agreed rent can be increased according to the corresponding proportion.

1) To meet the needs of the charterer to carry goods or supplement the insufficient capacity of the fleet during a certain period of time;

2) There are still differences in international interpretation as to whether a time charterparty is a property charter contract or a contract of carriage;

3) the shipowner still has possession and control of the vessel;

4) The determination of the rental rate is based on the loading capacity of the ship, combined with the market and other factors;

5) Claims for fresh water, partial cargo damage and cargo difference in the operation of time charter vessels shall be stipulated in the contract;

6) Contracts with longer lease terms often have an "auto-increment clause".

7) There is a special way of time chartering called voyage time charter, which is calculated and paid according to the number of days to complete the voyage and the daily rental rate stipulated in the contract for the purpose of transportation on a voyage.

Time charter: During the charter period, the vessel is handed over to the charterer for management, transfer and use. A series of work such as cargo loading and unloading, stowage, and tally are all undertaken by the charterer, and the resulting fuel costs, port fees, loading and unloading fees, and cushion material costs are borne by the charterer.

Rent is calculated on a monthly basis (day or calendar month) on a per-summer dwt basis. Once agreed, the rent is fixed. Voyage charters:

When signing the charterparty, the charterer and the charterer also need to agree on the speed of loading and unloading of the vessel and the calculation method of the loading and unloading time, and stipulate the standards and calculation methods of demurrage and expedited dispatch rates accordingly. The characteristics of voyage charter are: there is no fixed route, fixed loading and unloading port and fixed sailing schedule, but according to the needs of the charterer (cargo owner) and the possibility of the shipowner, after negotiation between the two parties, it is stipulated in the voyage charter contract; The charterparty shall stipulate the loading and unloading rate, demurrage, and expedited dispatch fee; The freight rate is greatly affected by the supply and demand of the charterparty market, and other rights and obligations of both the charterer and the shipowner are stipulated in the charterparty contract.

Bareboat charter: This kind of charter does not have the nature of transportation, it is only equivalent to a kind of financial and bulk property lease. Bareboat charter means that the ship owner leases the ship to the charterer for a certain period of time, but the ship owner provides an empty ship, and the charterer appoints the captain and crew to be responsible for the maintenance of the crew and the ship (all expenses required for operation and management).

That is, the owner of the ship is no longer responsible for any responsibilities and expenses other than collecting rent during the charter period.

The best strategy for chartering a boat varies from case to case, but in general, there are a few factors that need to be taken into account:

Demand analysis: First of all, it is necessary to determine the demand for chartering a ship, including how long it needs to be rented, how many ships need to be rented, and the type and size of the ship that needs to be chartered. Through the analysis of demand, it is possible to better choose the right charter plan.

Budgetary considerations: There is a certain amount of money to charter a boat, so you need to choose the right charter option within your budget. There are factors to consider such as the cost of chartering a boat, the length of the charter, the type and size of the chartered boat, and so on.

Service evaluation: When choosing a chartering company, it is necessary to evaluate factors such as the quality of its services, the maintenance status of the vessel and the safety record to ensure that the chartered vessel can be used safely and reliably.

Flexibility: In the chartering process, it is necessary to be flexible and adapt to the actual situation. For example, if there is a change in the weather, itinerary adjustment, etc. during the charter period, it is necessary to communicate with the chartering company in time to adjust the charter plan.

In summary, the best strategy for chartering a vessel requires a comprehensive consideration of the situation, including needs analysis, budget considerations, service evaluation, and flexibility. It is recommended that before choosing a chartering plan, carefully understand the service content and chartering plan of the chartering company, and choose a reliable chartering company to ensure the safety and reliability of the chartering ship.

The basic lead width characteristics of charter transportation:

Subject to the constraints of the charterparty, the freight and hire levels are affected by the international ship market, and the various costs are agreed to be shared proportionally in the contract. It is mainly used for the transportation of bulk goods.

The shipowner (or second shipowner) does not provide transportation services to the charterers, but the right to use the ship. The chartering business between the shipowner and the charterer is a kind of commercial behavior to the outside world, also known as intangible, and the chartering is usually carried out in the chartering market.

The specific features are as follows:

1. The charter ship is organized according to the charter party, and the terms of the charter party are mutually agreed upon by both the shipowner and the charterer.

2. Generally, the shipowner and the charterer negotiate the chartering business through their respective or common chartering brokers.

3. Indefinite routes, indefinite shipping schedules. The shipowner shall determine the route, sailing time and type of cargo of the vessel in accordance with the requirements of the charterer, provide the corresponding vessel, and make scheduling arrangements with the consent of the charterer.

4. The rental rate or freight rate is determined according to the charter market.

5. The expenses related to the operation of the ship shall be shared between the shipowner and the charterer depending on the chartering method, and shall be stipulated in the terms of the contract. For example, the stevedoring charges clause FIO indicates that the charterer is responsible for the stevedors, and if the Liner term is written in the disorder, the shipowner is responsible for the stevedors.

6. Chartered transportation is suitable for bulk cargo transportation.

7. All kinds of charter parties have corresponding standard contract forms.

1. Light leasing: refers to the business of leasing the ship to others within the agreed time, without operators, and not bearing the various expenses incurred in the transportation process, and only charging a fixed lease fee.

2. Time charter: refers to the provision of a fixed-term service limit to the charterer for the use of the ship with operators of the ocean shipping company, and the rent is charged on a daily basis regardless of whether it is operated or not, and the fixed costs incurred shall be borne by the shipowner.

3. Wet lease: refers to the air transport company's aircraft with operators to provide the charterer for a certain period of time, and the lease period is subject to dispatch, regardless of whether it is operated or not, the rent is charged according to a certain standard, and the fixed costs incurred are borne by the lessee.

4. Dry leasing: refers to the air transport company providing the aircraft without operators to the charterer for a certain period of time, regardless of whether it is operating or not, charging rent according to a certain standard, and the fixed costs incurred are borne by the lessee.

5. Voyage charter: refers to the business of ocean shipping enterprises to complete the transportation task of a specific voyage for the charterer and collect the lease fee.

Answer] :d time charter, referred to as time charter, is a ship leased by the ship lessor to the charterer for a certain period of time, and the charterer dispatches and manages the ship within the specified period. Time charters have the following features:

During the lease period, the charterer shall be responsible for the operation and management of the ship; Tamkai does not stipulate ship routes and loading and unloading ports, only the navigation area of ships; It can ship all kinds of legal goods; There is no requirement for loading and unloading time or loading and unloading rate, and demurrage and expedited charges are not calculated; Rent is calculated at a certain amount per tonne per month for the term of the lease.