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Newton is the number one physicist, and arguably the number one scientist. He gave the three laws of mechanics; The law of gravitation was discovered; groundbreaking research in optics, inventing the reflective telescope; Calculus was invented. Although Einstein had the strength to compete with him, Newton was a versatile physicist who was very good at theory and experiments.

There is a poem in the West that says, "If the sky does not give birth to Newton, eternity is like a long night", but no one says that the sky does not give birth to Einstein, and eternity is like a long night. <>

Galileo. Galileo Galilei was a famous Italian physicist. It has made a great contribution to science. For example, in many experiments, the law of freedom, the law of inertia and Galileo laid the foundations of classical mechanics and began the modern science of scientific experiments.

Faraday. Farah was a well-known English physicist and a well-known scientist, a well-known autologist. For the first time, he found the method of electromagnetic induction in human history and produced alternating current, first proposing the concept of electric field and the concept of electric field.

The findings of this study have directly contributed to the development of human civilization in the world.

Einconstein was the second greatest who could look back on Newton.

Maxwell. The third greatest scientist who can look up to Albert Einstein is Maxwell. He unified electricity, magnetism, and light, and Maxwell's equations were in electromagnetism what Newton's three laws were in mechanics.

In addition, Maxwell also made contributions to thermodynamics and statistical mechanics that made him a great scientist, and he was one of the important founders of statistical mechanics.

Light is a physical term whose essence is a stream of photons in a specific frequency band. A light source emits light because the electrons in the light source gain extra energy. If the energy is not enough to make it jump to a more outer orbit, the electrons undergo an accelerated motion and release the energy in the form of a wave.

If the transition is followed by just enough to fill the vacancy in the orbit and from the excited state to the stable state, the electron stops transitioning. Otherwise, the electrons jump back to their previous orbits again and release energy in the form of waves. <>

<> history of light research, like mechanics, has been noted in ancient Greece, and the law of reflection of light has been known as early as Euclid's time, but before the separation of natural science and religion, human understanding of the nature of light has hardly improved, and it only stays at the level of understanding of the propagation and application of light. (In addition, history tells us that as early as the early Warring States period in ancient China, Mozi, the founder of Moxue, discovered the law of reflection of light and established China's optical system. In the seventeenth century, there were already two voices on this issue: the wave theory and the particle theory.

Light has four important characteristics at the same time:

1 In geometrical optics, light travels in a straight line. This is illustrated by the straight pillars of light and the sun's rays.

2 In wave optics, light travels in the form of waves. Light is like water waves on the surface of the water, and different wavelengths of light appear different colors.

3 The speed of light is extremely fast. 299792458 3 10 ms in a vacuum, slower in air. In media with a larger refractive index, such as water or glass, the propagation speed is even slower.

4 In quantum optics, the energy of light is quantized, and the quanta (elementary particles) that make up light are called light quanta, or photons for short, so they can cause chemical changes in substances such as film photosensitive emulsions.