What are the methods of hearing examination for children?

Early infancy and toddler years are a critical time for language learning, when even mild auditory impairment can lead to deficits in mental and behavioral communication. Therefore, early identification of hearing loss and early processing or auditory speech** can minimise disability due to hearing problems. Strictly speaking, children's hearing examination should be a broad field that includes audiology, pediatrics, neuroscience, psychology, speech and linguistics, acoustics, psychoacoustics, imaging and medical engineering.

Method steps.

1) Unconditioned reflex hearing test: It is suitable for babies under 4 months old when it is not easy to establish auditory conditioning, there are acoustic response test, crib kinesis, and neonatal auditory response cradle method.

2) Conditioned reflex hearing test: suitable for children over 1 year old, including conditioned reflex hearing test, scenery hearing test, and game hearing test.

3) Subjective hearing test: suitable for children over 3 5 years old. The test should be carried out according to the specific situation of the subject, and the younger ones should be tested with some game methods.

Methods include: tuning fork test, pure-tone hearing test, speech test, and suprathreshold function test.

4) Objective hearing examination method: suitable for children of all ages. The objective hearing test requires the participant to be in a relatively quiet state or asleep.

If they cannot cooperate, they can be given sedative drugs first, and then they will be examined after falling asleep. The program includes acoustic admittance testing, electrical response audiometry, and otoacoustic emission. When analyzing the results of children's hearing tests, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze and evaluate them comprehensively, so as to make a reliable and accurate assessment as objectively as possible.

It is generally divided into electrophysiology report (ABR OAE ASSR) and pediatric behavioral audiometry, and if necessary, acoustic conductance test, middle ear and head CT

For children under 4 months old, the first thing to see if the child has hearing loss is to see if the child has any hearing loss, you can gently knock something in a certain place to see if the child responds. Children around the age of one can play games with their children, and they can also take their children to contact other children to see if they are interested in playing with other children. You can also take the child to the hospital for a detailed examination, which is more accurate and reliable, and you can communicate more with the baby in daily life, and you can also see how the baby's hearing is.

There are acoustic impedance, pediatric behavioral audiometry, auditory brainstem response, otoacoustic emission, 40Hz correlation potential, multi-frequency homeostasis, etc., these methods are very reliable.

It is a subjective hearing test method in which the examiner determines the sensitivity of the child to the sound response by judging the child's behavior and the test results indicate the degree and nature of the hearing loss.

Hearing loss can lead to communication problems with minimal impact, and since this test requires the active cooperation of the child, the child's age and developmental maturity determine the reliability and accuracy of the test results.

Hearing examination is a quantitative assessment of the subject's hearing condition, which is an important examination method in audiology. Common hearing tests can be divided into two types: subjective observation and objective testing.

The main observation chamber judges the results based on the subject's subjective response to the signal. The main observational listening methods include behavioral audiometry, tuning fork test, pure-tone hearing threshold test, visual reinforcement audiometry, and speech audiometry. Objective audiometry is a type of audiometry in which the results of the examination are judged directly with an examination instrument.

Objective audiometry methods include auditory brainstem evoked potentials, otoacoustic emissions, auditory homeostatic evoked potentials, acoustic conductance testing, visual enhancement audiometry, etc.

Adults: air-conduction, bone conduction, acoustic conduction, otoacoustic emission Children: The game does not measure the brainstem evoked potentials.

Pure tone audiometry, acoustic impedance, otoacoustic emission, ABR, ASSR, CT, etc.

Pure tone audiometry, acoustic impedance, otoacoustic emission, etc.

Common hearing tests are divided into two categories: primary observational hearing (e.g., tuning fork examination, pure-tone audiometer examination, speech audiometry) and objective audiometry (acoustic impedance, otoacoustic emission, auditory evoked potential).

It's usually an instrument, and there is also some software on the phone.

Hearing tests for children, there is screening and diagnosis. Screening includes otoacoustic emission testing and rapid auditory brainstem responses. Screening includes primary screening and re-screening, the primary screening is otoacoustic emission examination, and the re-screening includes a combination of otoacoustic emission and rapid auditory brainstem response.

The diagnosis of a child's hearing includes both an objective hearing test and a subjective hearing test. Objective hearing exams, including the external auditory canal, middle ear, inner ear, and auditory nerve.

External ear examination includes electric otoscopy, which is to check for cerumen or discharge in the external ear canal, as well as inflammation of the eardrum. The middle ear examination is called acoustic impedance testing. Diagnostic otoacoustic emission tests are used in the inner ear to check the function of hair cells outside the inner ear.

Tests for auditory brainstem responses include auditory brainstem responses to the airway and tympanic ducts, which are objective audiological examinations to check auditory nerve function. Subjective hearing tests are performed in a sound-transmitted environment to observe the child's response to sounds through behavior.

There are also visual enhancement audiometry and game audiometry, which are objective hearing tests. An objective hearing exam is the gold standard for hearing diagnosis.

According to the technical specifications for newborn hearing screening, all babies born should be screened for newborn hearing. Because some babies look healthy when they are born, but they may already have hearing problems in the mother's womb. After the baby is born, it is generally difficult for parents to find their hearing problems within 1 year of age, and most children do not attract parents' attention until they are 2-3 years old and cannot speak.

If hearing screening is not done in time after birth, it cannot be detected early, and it may cause varying degrees of speech-language development and cognitive development impairment to the child later on. If your baby is not found to have hearing problems until the age of 2-3 years, the best period for early intervention is missed, and even if intervention is carried out at this time, the level of speech-language and cognitive development will still lag behind that of children of the same age.

Speak in your child's ear.

When the child is not paying attention, talk next to the child's ear to see the child's reaction, if the child is indifferent, it means that there is still a hearing problem, if the child turns to look at you, it means that the child has no hearing problem.

2 6 snap your fingers.

Another way is to snap your fingers, which we used to play with when we were young, and in the same way, when the child is not paying attention, snap your fingers next to the child's ear and then observe the child's reaction.

3 6 Hearing test.

Nowadays, the otolaryngology department of many hospitals can do a child's hearing examination, and there is an instrument that can test the child's hearing, which is generally more reliable.

4 6 to see if the child is sick during the period.

If the child is in the process of getting sick, the hearing difference is temporary, and this situation generally does not need to be tested, and when the child is well, the hearing will naturally recover.

5 6 Speak quietly.

When you whisper, if your child can hear it, then there is nothing wrong with it, but if you whisper many times and your child can't hear it, you have to ask if you can't hear it or if it's pretending.

6 6 rattle.

Don't let the child see when you ring the bell, when you ring the bell, see if the child will look for the sound**, if you will turn your head and brain, there is generally no big problem.

How old the child, if the infant can do behavioral audiometry, objective examination such as ABR, etc., and have the ability to do pure sound,

If you think that your child's hearing may have problems, then you need to test your child's hearing, how to test your child's hearing?

Talk next to your child's ear, talk next to your child's ear when your child is not paying attention, see how your child reacts, if your child is indifferent, it means that there is still a hearing problem, and if your child turns to look at you, it means that your child has no hearing problem. Snapping the fingers, there is another way to snap the fingers, we often played when we were children, and in the same way, when the child is not paying attention, snap the fingers next to the child's ear, and then observe the child's reaction. Newborn babies will be tested for hearing in hospitals.

A child with normal hearing responds to loud or sudden sounds, such as blinking, a few days after birth.

When the baby is asleep, ring the bell or bowl next to him, light sleep can be lighter, and deep sleep should be louder to see if the baby will blink, legs or arms shake or wake up.

Although it may cause your baby to be fussy, it is a good way to check your hearing.