What are the types of car engines?

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Passat GSITSI

A turbocharger (TSI) is actually an air compressor that compresses air to increase the amount of air taken in. It uses the inertial force of the exhaust gases discharged by the engine to propel the turbine chamber.

At present, the main engines are L (inline) engines, V-type engines, W-type engines, and horizontally opposed engines. Another special one is the rotary engine, which is a Mazda patent.

V-type engine: The cylinder of the V-shaped engine is split in pairs and left and right, forming a certain angle, which looks like a "V" from the side, so it is called a V-shaped engine. Compared with the in-line engine, the V-type engine shortens the length and height of the body, increases the rigidity of the cylinder block, reduces the weight of the engine, but increases the width of the engine, and the shape is more complex, and the processing is difficult, and it is generally used for engines of 6 cylinders and above.

At present, there are four main types of V-type engines: V6, V8, V10, and V12.

In-line engine: Its cylinders are arranged in a row, that is, in a row, hence the name. Nowadays, in-line engines mainly include L3, L4, L5, and L6.

The cylinder block of the in-line engine is lined up, the cylinder block, cylinder head and crankshaft are simple in structure, low manufacturing cost, good low-speed torque characteristics, low fuel consumption, compact size, and widely used, but the disadvantage is low power.

W-type engine: Strictly speaking, the W-type engine is still a type of V-type engine, but the cylinders on both sides of the V-type engine are divided into two groups, which look like "W" from the side, hence the name. It can also be said that the W12 engine is made of two V6 engines, and its biggest advantage is that it is compact and easy to arrange, which is conducive to the optimization of the space of the engine compartment, and the disadvantage is that the structure is too complex.

The W engine is a patented technology of Volkswagen, and only Volkswagen, that is, Volkswagen's brand, uses the W engine, which currently mainly includes W12 and W16.

Horizontally opposed engine: In fact, it is also a type of V-shaped engine, but its cylinder angle is 180 degrees. The horizontally opposed engine is a combination of automobile engines that is most in line with the principle of motion machinery, and its manufacturing cost and process difficulty are quite high, and only Porsche and Subaru are currently used in the world.

The biggest advantage of a boxer-opposed engine is its low center of gravity. Since the cylinders are "flat", not only does it lower the center of gravity of the car, but it also allows the front end to be designed flat and low, all of which enhance the car's driving stability.

At the same time, the horizontally opposed cylinder layout is a symmetrical and stable structure, which makes the engine run smoothly better than the V-engine, and the power loss during operation is also minimal.

In addition, the vibrations generated by the piston crankshaft when moving left and right cancel each other out, resulting in low noise and low fuel consumption. At present, there are mainly horizontal opposition 4 cylinders and 6 cylinders.

Classification of automobile engines:

1. According to the different powers, automobile engines can be divided into diesel engines, gasoline engines, electric vehicle motors and hybrid vehicles.

2. According to the working mode of the air intake system, it can be divided into four types: naturally aspirated, turbocharged, mechanically supercharged and double-pressed.

3. According to the piston movement mode, it can be divided into two types: reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and rotary piston engine.

4. According to the cylinder arrangement type, it is divided into in-line engine, V-type engine, W-type engine and horizontally opposed engine.

5. According to the number of cylinders, it can be divided into single-cylinder engine and multi-cylinder engine. Modern cars mostly use three-cylinder, four-cylinder, six-cylinder, and eight-cylinder engines.

6. According to different cooling methods, it can be divided into water-cooled engine and air-cooled engine. The water-cooled engine cools evenly, works reliably, and has a good cooling effect, and is widely used in modern automotive engines.

7. According to the number of strokes, it can be divided into four-stroke internal combustion engine and two-stroke internal combustion engine. Four-stroke internal combustion engines are widely used in automobile engines.

8. Classified according to the way of fuel: carburetor engine and EFI engine and in-cylinder direct injection engine.

If it helps you, thank you, friend!

The engine is divided into gasoline and diesel, of course, there is now a hybrid, that is, the engine drives the motor, the engine has L4 and V-shaped, T5 also has it, and the performance is different with different displacements.

1. According to the type of power, automobile engines can be divided into diesel engines, gasoline engines, electric vehicle motors and hybrid vehicles.

2. According to the classification of the air intake system, it can be divided into four types: naturally aspirated, turbocharged, mechanically supercharged and double-pressed.

3. According to the piston movement mode, it can be divided into two types: reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and rotary piston engine.

Fourth, according to the cylinder arrangement type, it is divided into in-line engine, V-type engine, W-type engine and horizontally opposed engine.

5. According to the number of cylinders, it can be divided into single-cylinder engine and multi-cylinder engine. Modern cars mostly use three-cylinder, four-cylinder, six-cylinder, and eight-cylinder engines.

6. According to different cooling methods, it can be divided into water-cooled engine and air-cooled engine.

7. According to the number of strokes, it can be divided into four-stroke internal combustion engine and two-stroke internal combustion engine.

8. According to the classification of fuel **, carburetor engine, EFI engine and in-cylinder direct injection engine.

There are mainly the following types of automobile engines:

Internal Combustion Engine (Internal Combustion Engine, Internal Combustion Engine): The most common type of automobile engine, which is divided into gasoline engines (gasoline engines) and diesel engines (diesel).

Electric motor: It can power the car through a battery or an external power source, and is currently the fastest-growing type of automobile engine.

Hybrid engine: A hybrid engine is a combination of an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, which can either power the car through the internal combustion engine or the electric motor.

Combustion Ice Engine: Using combustible ice instead of gasoline as fuel, the engine is simple and compact, and it is a new type of automobile engine.

Gas engine: A gas engine is an environmentally friendly and economical automotive engine that uses natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas or liquefied natural gas as fuel.

Diesel engines, gasoline engines, multi-cylinder engines, single-bar engines, rotary piston engines, reciprocating piston engines, naturally aspirated and forced aspirated engines, water-cooled engines and air-cooled engines, in-line engines, horizontally opposed engines, V-engines.

According to the different types of fuel used, it can be divided into three categories: gasoline engine, diesel engine and gaseous fuel engine; The first two engines should be distinguished, as for the gaseous fuel engine, it is improved from the first two, and its fuels include natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, biogas, etc. Gas fuel engine is to directly inject gas fuel into the cylinder during the engine compression process, gas fuel is an important part of available energy, known as the third largest energy source after coal and oil, natural gas is also a gas fuel, so it has become an important alternative fuel in the field of internal combustion engines widely used.

According to the different arrangement of cylinders, it can be divided into in-line engine, V-type engine, W-type engine, H-type engine, etc.; In-line engines are the most widely used engines with low manufacturing costs, high stability, good low-speed torque characteristics, low fuel consumption, and compact size. Wish.

Car engines have:

V-engine.

Overhead valve (OHV) engine.

Overhead camshaft (OHC) engine.

Multi-valve engine.

Double overhead camshaft (DOHC) engine.

Turbocharged engine.

Twin-turbo engine.

Classification according to piston movement mode: piston internal combustion engine can be divided into two types: reciprocating piston type and rotary piston type. The former piston moves in a reciprocating linear motion in the cylinder, while the latter piston moves in a rotary motion in the cylinder.

According to the classification of the air intake system: the internal combustion engine can be divided into naturally aspirated (non-supercharged) engine and forced air intake (supercharged) engine according to whether the air intake system adopts a supercharged method. If the air intake is carried out in a near-atmospheric state, it is a non-supercharged internal combustion engine or a naturally aspirated internal combustion engine; If the inlet pressure is increased by the supercharger and the intake air density increases, it is a supercharged internal combustion engine.

The engine is the heart of the car, providing power for the walking of the car, which is related to the power, economy and environmental protection of the car. To put it simply, the engine is an energy conversion mechanism, that is, the heat energy of gasoline (diesel) or natural gas is converted into mechanical energy by expanding the combustion gas in the sealed cylinder and pushing the piston to do work, which is the most basic principle of the engine.

Solution to the high water temperature of the car engine:

1. After the car is warmed, check the water return of the return pipe at the upper end of the antifreeze water storage tank, if the water return is not smooth or blocked, the water temperature will be too high.

2. Check whether there is too much dust between the condenser and the water tank, and clean it thoroughly with high-pressure gas to ensure that the water tank and the condenser have good heat dissipation performance.

3. When the car is hot, check the temperature difference between the upper and lower water pipes of the water tank, if the temperature difference is too large, you need to check the opening of the thermostat and whether the water pump has a fault of speed loss.

Automobile circuits are usually composed of power supply circuits, starting circuits, ignition circuits, lighting and light signal device circuits, instrument information system circuits, auxiliary device circuits and electronic control system circuits.

1. Power supply circuit, also known as charging circuit, is a circuit composed of batteries, generators, regulators and charging indication devices, etc., and electric energy distribution (distribution) and circuit protection devices can also be classified into this circuit.

2. The starting circuit is a circuit composed of a starter, a starting relay, a starting switch and a starting protection circuit. The device of starting preheating under low temperature condition and its control circuit can also be included in this circuit.

3. The ignition circuit is a circuit unique to gasoline engine vehicles. It consists of an ignition coil, a distributor, an electronic ignition controller, a spark plug and an ignition switch. The electronic ignition control system controlled by the microcomputer is generally included in the engine electronic control system.

4. The circuit of lighting and light signal device is composed of headlights, fog lights, marker lights, turn signals, brake lights, reversing lights, interior lights and related control relays and switches.

5. The instrument information system circuit is a circuit composed of the instrument and its sensors, various alarm indicators and controllers.

6. The auxiliary device circuit is a circuit composed of various electrical devices set up to improve the safety and comfort of the vehicle. The type of auxiliary electrical equipment varies with different models, and the higher the grade of the car, the more complete the auxiliary electrical device. Generally, it includes windshield wiping and cleaning device, windscreen defrosting (anti-fogging) device, air conditioning device, audio device, etc.

The higher-end models are also equipped with electric window lifts, electronically controlled door locks, electric seat adjustments, and electric remote mirrors. Electronically controlled airbags are subsumed into the electronic control system.

7. The electronic control system circuit is mainly composed of engine control system (including fuel injection, ignition, emission control, etc.), automatic transmission and constant speed driving control system, brake anti-lock braking system, airbag control system and other circuits.