The detailed story of humanity s destruction of the ecological balance

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Kaibab Forest in northern Arizona was still lush and vibrant. There are about 4,000 deer in the forest, and the vicious and cruel wolf is the great enemy of the deer.

Theodore Roosevelt wanted to protect the deer in the Kaibab Forest and breed more. He declared the Kaibab Forest a national hunting reserve and decided to hire hunters to go there to exterminate the wolves.

Gunfire in the forest**. Under the cold muzzle of the hunter's gun, the wolf let out a series of screams and whined for his life. After 25 years of hunting, more than 6,000 wolves have been killed. Other wild animals (leopards) in the forest that feed on deer are also hunted a lot.

Specially protected deer have become the "darlings" of the Kaibab forest. In this "kingdom of freedom", they grow and breed freely, eat trees freely, and live a happy life without danger and with plenty of food.

Soon, the number of deer in the forest increased, and the total number exceeded 100,000. More than 100,000 deer gnaw in the east of the forest, and when the bushes are eaten up, they eat the small trees, and the small trees eat the bark ..... of the big treesEverything that can be eaten by deer is doomed.

The green vegetation in the forest is decreasing day by day, and the yellowing of the earth is expanding day by day.

Disaster has finally befallen the deer. First starvation caused a large number of deer to die, and then there was an epidemic of disease, and countless deer disappeared. Two years later, the total number of deer in the herd increased from 100,000?

Reduced to 40,000. By 1942, there were fewer than 8,000 sick deer left in the entire Kaibab forest.

Roosevelt could never have imagined that the wolf he ordered to hunt was actually the protector of the forest! Although wolves eat deer, it maintains a stable population of deer. This is because, after the wolf eats some deer, the total number in the forest can be controlled to a reasonable level, and the forest will not be spoiled beyond recognition by the deer herd.

At the same time, most of the deer eaten by wolves are sick deer, which effectively controls the threat of disease to the deer herd. And the deer that Roosevelt was determined to protect, once the number exceeds the limit that the forest can bear, will destroy the stability of the forest ecosystem and bring great ecological disaster to the forest. That is, too many deer can be the main culprits for the destruction of the forest.

This seems to contradict what people know about wolves and deer. In any ethnic group, in all fairy tales with animal themes, wolves almost always bear the notoriety of bullying the weak, such as the story of the "big bad wolf" in China and the story of "Little Red Riding Hood" in the West. Deer, on the other hand, are almost always the embodiment of beauty and kindness.

The wolf is **, so it must be destroyed; Deer are kind, so be protected. Roosevelt's policy of protecting the deer herd was based on this customary view and the principles of fairy tales.

This series of stories in the Kaibab Forest shows that different creatures living on the same earth are mutually conditioned and interconnected, and that judging the good and evil of animals based on their own one-sided understanding can sometimes make serious mistakes. Both deer and wolves are needed in the forest. One must respect this interrelationship between animals and the biological world as a whole.

There is a wealthy village where the people live a good life. They have large tracts of farmland, dense forests, and clear rivers. However, over time, the over-exploitation and pollution of natural resources has caused the village's ecological environment to deteriorate, with forests being cut down, rivers polluted, fields over-cultivated, fruit trees withering, and fish becoming less active.

The people of the village were so distressed that they began to think of ways to protect their homes. They decided to take a very careful approach to the use of natural resources while adopting sustainable methods to grow crops and fruit trees. They began planting herbs, flowers and fruit trees that would provide the food and drink people needed, protect the soil, absorb harmful substances and purify the air.

The people of the village came together and started working together to protect the environment. They organized river cleaning activities, built a sewage treatment plant, and cleaned fields and forests. They have also enacted regulations that prohibit overfishing and cutting down trees, while encouraging people to use renewable resources.

Over time, the ecological environment of the village began to gradually recover. Forests and rivers come back to life, birds and beasts return to their homes, and fields begin to harvest. People also feel healthier and happier.

This story tells us that ecological balance is very important for the survival of human beings, and only by protecting the environment and reducing overexploitation and pollution can we protect our homes and allow us to live in harmony with nature.

In the 50s, China launched a campaign to eradicate sparrows as the "four pests." However, in the years following the killing of sparrows, there was a serious insect infestation, which caused huge losses to agricultural production. Later scientists discovered that sparrows are good at eating pests.

The sparrows were eliminated, and the pests had no natural enemies, so they multiplied on a large scale, leading to a series of tragic consequences such as insect plagues and farmland harvests. The balance of ecosystems is often a dynamic equilibrium that nature has established over a long period of time. Once disrupted, some balances cannot be rebuilt, and the consequences may be irreparable by human efforts.

Spain imported 50,000 crab fry from the United States and stocked them in the delta of a river. After a few years, the number of animals has grown to several hundred million, while the local population can only catch up to 4 million per year for human consumption. The water in the rice field leaks down the dense crab holes, and the crabs eat the fish and shrimp, aquatic plants, floating and tourmalist organisms in the water, and the rice seedlings and fish are extinct, and the birds have nothing to eat, so they do not stay here.

2. Marivan is a small island in the Indian Ocean, in 1945, the first expedition from South Africa came here, and a few mice that came with the ship also slipped ashore, and in 1948, the mice became the overlord of the island, and the expedition team transported in 5 cats to catch mice, but the taste of seabirds is better than mice, cats do not catch mice but eat birds, as a result, cats breed to 2,500, but birds suffer, 600,000 are eaten a year.

In the 30s of the century, some businessmen transported African snails to the Hawaiian Islands for human breeding and consumption. Some snails are old and inedible, so they are thrown into the wild, and within a few years, snails multiply in large numbers, everywhere, gnawing vegetables and fruits into a mess. People spray chemicals, and ploughing the land for 15 years in a row cannot be cleaned and changed.

For example, in order to expand arable land, the lake is enclosed for farmland, and the swamp is drained, resulting in the shrinkage of the lake, the deterioration of the ecological environment, and the loss of various disasters. A series of chain reactions such as soil erosion, poor soil, silting up of rivers, reduced rainfall, and unreplenishment of groundwater caused by indiscriminate deforestation; arbitrarily discharging waste water into rivers, lakes and seas, dumping waste, destroying aquatic ecosystems, causing "water blooms" and "red tides", extinct fish and shrimp, and threatening human health; In the 30s of the 20th century, the water hyacinth introduced into our country, although it has contributed to the provision of pig feed for the greening of the water surface, but its growth rate is extremely fast, and a single colony is formed in a short time, blocking the river, affecting the growth of fish, and becoming an "ecological cancer", which is because it does not act according to the laws of ecology and introduces species at will.