What causes a perforated eardrum? How is a perforated eardrum caused?

1. Perforation of the tympanic membrane caused by direct causes is more common in patients with head trauma in clinical practice, and the tympanic membrane will also be damaged at the same time because of the patient's temporal bone fracture. Another cause of the disease is that individuals have the habit of picking their ears in their daily life, and when picking their ears, they may puncture the eardrum due to lack of attention and depth. Secondly, some patients have tympanic membrane perforation because there are splashes of metal powder, slag, welding sparks and other foreign bodies in the place of work to damage the eardrum, and some strong acids, strong alkalis, etc., if accidentally dropped into the ear canal, will also corrode the eardrum perforation.

2. Trauma to the eardrum caused by indirect causes is common in clinical practice caused by sudden changes in atmospheric pressure in the bad environment, such as after experiencing shells**, shooting, and loud noises, the ear will also be shocked and the tympanic membrane will be broken due to the huge air wave. And it should be noted that sometimes the violent behavior of slapping can also lead to tympanic membrane perforation, and some people after a cold, because the nose is not ventilated, when blowing the nose vigorously, the air pressure in the middle ear cavity rises sharply in a short period of time, and the imbalance between internal and external air pressure will also lead to tympanic membrane perforation.

In real life, there are some infants and young children because of the special structure of the ear, and they are also very susceptible to some inflammation and infection, and do not cause acute otitis media infection through the direction of the eustachian tube in time, resulting in tympanic membrane perforation, which is the most common cause of tympanic membrane perforation in infants and young children, so as a parent, we must pay more attention to it as soon as possible when the child is sick to prevent the ear from being affected.

There are many causes of tympanic membrane perforation, but the main cause can be traumatic injuries such as slaps, falls, and ear picking, which can cause tympanic membrane perforation. Secondly, it can also be seen in patients with otitis media, otitis externa, etc., and perforation of the eardrum caused by acute inflammation. In patients with tympanic membrane perforation, traumatic tympanic membrane perforation usually does not require symptomatic anti-inflammatory and irrigation**.

Perforated eardrums can be caused by external impact, inflammation and bacterial infection of the ear canal. If you are violently hit on the face or ear, your eardrum may be affected, and you may experience membrane perforation, hearing loss, and if you do not pay attention to the hygiene of the ear canal, it may also cause a perforation of the eardrum.

There are many reasons for earmold piercing. 1. Purulent otitis media. 2. Direct injury, such as accidental injury when picking ears. 3. Indirect damage, such as external force hitting, etc.

Symptoms are considered to be caused by a perforated eardrum. Of course, there are many reasons. But the big aspects are divided into trauma and broken due to illness.

In particular, trauma is caused by shock, smashing, brain trauma, and air pressure. In general, it can heal on its own. Otitis media can also cause but does not heal on its own.

This person may have been caused by a window and a perforated ear, and he had a violent trauma before he had this phenomenon, so it must have been caused by external influences.

Hello, generally speaking, the main causes of eardrum perforation are trauma and infection, if the eardrum is perforated, you must go to the hospital in time to see an otolaryngology.

Eardrum perforation may be caused by upper respiratory tract infection, if you have rhinitis and frontal sinusitis, it is easy to cause bacteria and secretions in the nasal cavity to enter the ear canal, which can cause the symptoms of eardrum perforation, or it may be caused by acute purulent otitis media. In addition, it is also easy to cause this condition when the ear canal is damaged by external forces, such as surgery or ear picking, but complications after tympanic tube placement are not excluded.

1.Direct or indirect damage, often use hard objects such as ear pickers and cotton swabs to dig the ears vigorously, and the corrosive agents enter the ear canal. Perforation of the eardrum can occur if the ear is hit during a violent act with another person, or if the ear is damaged by a large change in air pressure when riding on an airplane or other vehicle.

2.Inflammatory infections of the ear, such as acute purulent otitis media and other diseases, if not controlled in time, the effusion in the ear canal will cause huge pressure in the middle ear cavity, resulting in pressure changes inside and outside the eardrum, and a huge pressure difference will also lead to perforation of the eardrum.

Most of them are caused by external impacts.

1.If it is a perforation of the eardrum caused by acute otitis media, then the patient has ear pain, and the pain can be reduced after the tympanic membrane perforation, and there can be fluid outflow in the ear. If the tympanic membrane is perforated because of too much outside noise, then after the eardrum rupture, the patient suddenly feels earache, immediate hearing loss with tinnitus, a small amount of bleeding in the external ear canal, and a feeling of fullness in the ear.

This is an accurate indicator of whether a patient has a tympanic membrane perforation.

2.In order to determine whether a person has a perforated eardrum, then a series of tests must be done, the most common of which is to perform an ear endoscopy, which is mainly used to check whether there is a scene in the patient's ear. The endoscope is sent from outside the body through the ear canal to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane disease, and the ear canal, tympanic membrane depression, perforation, etc., can be directly observed, and its location and scope can be determined, and photography, biopsy or brush can be carried out to directly see whether the patient has an eardrum perforation.

3.If you want to determine whether tympanic membrane perforation has occurred, you also need to check the function of the patient's eustachian tube, mainly by asking the patient to inhale, pinch the nostrils on both sides with fingers, close the mouth, and exhale forcefully through the nose, so that the pharyngeal air can rush into the eustachian tube. Through this examination, it is possible to clearly check whether the patient has a perforated tympanic membrane.

Acute otitis media is not controlled in time, the middle ear suppuration produces effusion, and the accumulation of fluid produces pressure on the tympanic membrane, and when the pressure is too great, coupled with the inflammatory reaction, the tympanic membrane rupture and perforation.

Direct injury. Excessive force or bump by others when cleaning the ear canal with cotton swabs, hairpins, or ear picks; In some factories and mines, occasional slag, metal powder slag, and electric sparks splash into the ear, causing scalding and perforation of the eardrum; Accidental dropping of corrosive agents, such as strong acids and strong alkalis to corrode tympanic membrane perforation; Base skull fractures caused by car accidents and falls can also cause tympanic membrane perforation; Fighting, fists or sharp objects hitting the ear; Tympanic membrane perforation**, cerumen extraction, or a foreign body in the external auditory canal may also cause tympanic membrane perforation.

In addition, there are some extreme situations in life that trauma can also cause tympanic membrane perforation, such as blowing nose and sneezing, which may also cause tympanic membrane perforation due to retrograde tympanic membrane impact; Insects flying into the ear and piercing the eardrum can cause a perforation of the eardrum.

Indirect injuries. The air pressure changes too quickly during take-off and landing; Improper posture during high diving and diving; When a car is hit, the impact of the airbag deploying causes damage to the eardrum.

Acoustic trauma. Sudden loud noises, such as ** noises, firecrackers, gunshots, or sudden loud noises**, perforating the eardrum can also be caused by hitting the eardrum.

There are many reasons for earmold piercing. 1. Purulent otitis media. 2. Direct injury, such as accidental injury when picking ears. 3. Indirect damage, such as external force hitting, etc.

The tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, is an oval translucent membrane, composed of epithelial layer, fibrous layer and mucosal layer, located at the junction of the middle ear tympanic chamber and the external auditory canal, constituting the outer wall of the tympanic chamber, which separates the external ear canal and the middle ear cavity, and blocks the foreign bodies and bacteria that protect the external auditory canal from entering the middle ear cavity.

1.Inflammation. When the upper respiratory tract is infected, the bacteria and secretions in the nasal cavity can easily reach the middle ear cavity through the eustachian tube to cause infection, and at the same time, if the breastfeeding posture is not correct, the milk is also easy to flow into or choke into the middle ear through the eustachian tube, and acute otitis media leads to tympanic membrane perforation.

2.Trauma. It is mostly caused by direct or indirect external injuries, such as ear picking, surgery, foreign body in the external auditory canal, temporal bone fracture, pressure injury such as palm hitting the ear and face, blasting, high diving and diving may damage the eardrum and lead to tympanic membrane perforation.

A perforated eardrum is when there is a small hole in the eardrum. Between the external auditory canal and the lumen of the middle canal is the tympanic membrane, which is intact. If there is a hole in the eardrum that connects the ear canal to the middle ear cavity, bacteria and viruses can enter the middle ear cavity and cause infection.

There are two causes of tympanic membrane perforation: trauma and ear infection. Trauma refers to ear picking and car accident injuries, etc.; Ear infections include pathological factors such as cholesteatoma, purulent otitis media, and pus pressure in the middle ear cavity.

Experts from Lanzhou Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital and Gansu Provincial Hospital pointed out that eardrum perforation is a common ear disease, the eardrum is the protective barrier of the middle ear, and the perforation of the eardrum will lead to bacteria, sewage, and foreign bodies that can enter the middle ear through the perforation, causing infection and pus, and hearing loss, which is really harmful. For patients, a detailed understanding of eardrum perforation can lead to timely and effective targeted methods. Regarding a series of problems about eardrum perforation, the following experts from Jinan Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital will introduce you in detail.

Trauma of eardrum perforation**: due to the thin eardrum, accidental injury to the eardrum when picking the ear to remove cerumen and foreign bodies can lead to eardrum perforation; It is also more common in head trauma with temporal bone fracture that damages the eardrum; The eardrum can also be damaged by strong jets of water or air jets, inacitating chemical corrosives into the ear, splashing metal chips and slag into the ear canal, and blowing up the Eustachian tube. Infection:

Infection is caused by the direction of the Eustachian tube, and is more common in infancy and early childhood. Because the eustachian tube of the baby is short and relatively thick, and the tube is relatively straight, nasal secretions and milk are easy to flow into or choke into the middle ear through the eustachian tube, resulting in acute otitis media. After the middle ear suppurates, the pus erodes the eardrum and causes a perforation of the eardrum.

Sudden and drastic changes in the outside atmospheric pressure: the eardrums are shattered by the loud sound of shells and bombs at close range; When taking an airplane, due to the blockage of the eustachian tube, the pressure of the external auditory canal changes sharply when the plane lands, and the membrane can also be crushed and perforated, which is aviation otitis media; Blowing your nose vigorously causes the air pressure in the middle ear to suddenly hit the eardrum from the inside out, which can rupture and perforate the eardrum. Symptoms of eardrum perforation Deafness and tinnitus:

At first, the ears are stuffy, and then the hearing gradually decreases, accompanied by tinnitus. Deafness is reduced after perforation. Sometimes vertigo.

Systemic symptoms: Before tympanic membrane perforation, symptoms such as fever, chills, and fatigue are more obvious. Children are often accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms of acute gastroenteritis.

Sharp or stabbing pain in the deep ear before eardrum perforation, which can radiate to the ipsilateral frontal, temporal, and tooth due to the trigeminal nerve branch reflex on the tympanic membrane. In infants and young children, they often cry and refuse to eat. The earlier the eardrum perforation**, the better The sooner the eardrum perforation**, the better, if the eardrum perforation is not timely, the eardrum perforation may affect hearing, causing conductive hearing impairment, the small hole does not hinder hearing, the larger the hole, the more severe the hearing damage, but still not completely deaf.

When water enters the external auditory canal, such as when washing hair, bathing or swimming, the water will penetrate into the middle ear through the hole, causing acute inflammation and causing great inconvenience and distress in life. According to experts from Gansu Provincial Hospital, myringitis and otitis media will cause damage to the tympanic chamber, tympanic membrane perforation, tympanic membrane rupture, etc., resulting in hearing loss. Gansu Provincial Hospital is the first to adopt the international advanced tympanoplasty repair for tympanic damage caused by myringitis and otitis media, hearing loss and other diseases.

In general, there is a significant history of trauma. After trauma, the ears will be swollen, tinnitus, hearing loss, nose pinching, and gas flowing out of the external auditory canal. Keep the external ear canal clean and dry, do not get water, avoid infection, and it usually heals within three months.

If the eardrum is perforated due to chronic purulent otitis media, the main manifestations are repeated pus discharge from the external auditory canal, hearing loss, and even persistent tinnitus. For eardrum perforation caused by chronic purulent otitis media, it is generally recommended to keep the ear clean and dry for more than three months and have an eardrum repair surgery.