The Spring and Autumn period was particularly important for the vassal states

The Spring and Autumn period was particularly important for the vassal states, such as "sacrifices" and "wars".

Zuo Chuan Cheng Gong Thirteen Years": "The major affairs of the country are in worship and Rong".

Ritual refers to sacrifice and also refers to rituals. 戎, 兵戎, refers to weapons, armies, and also refers to war. During the Spring and Autumn Period, for a vassal state, sacrifices and wars were the most important events of the country.

1. Worship. Chinese Zhou Yu Shang said: "Husband, the great festival of the country." "Sacrifice is a symbol of national sovereignty, and the chief priest is the lord of a country. Therefore, the festival is very grand.

China is a country that attaches great importance to etiquette and etiquette, "the husband and the ceremony, the scriptures of the heavens, the righteousness of the earth, and the deeds of the people" ("Zuo Chuan: Zhao Gong Twenty-five Years"), "rites" have the role of "through the country, the establishment of the society, the order of the people, and the benefit of the heirs" ("Zuo Chuan: The Eleventh Year of the Hidden Gong"). Therefore, special emphasis is placed on "courtesy, so the country is guarded, the government decree is carried out, and the people are not lost" ("Zuo Chuan: Zhao Gong Five Years"). Festivals are the most important national gifts.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was the ritual of "watching the soldiers" (that is, the military parade), which was also a national ceremony.

2. Rong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the princes competed for hegemony and wars were frequent. At the beginning of "The Art of War", the cloud is "soldiers, the major affairs of the country, the place of death and life, the way of survival, must not be observed", and Du Mu notes "soldiers, the major affairs of the country".

Soldiers are a tool to deter lawlessness, uphold justice, and pacify the country, so they cannot be abandoned.

Friend. The vassal states of the Spring and Autumn Period were relatively small and numerous, and if they wanted to survive in the fierce competition, they must be grouped. Therefore, having friends is more important than anything else.

Of course, unlike now, when the interests of the country are put in the supreme position, people at that time were still relatively simple, and a so-called morality could find many friends.

The role of the princes should be to lay the foundation for the future, and also to lay the foundation for the unification of the Qin State. It is also from this that it can be seen that some princes should have ruled wrong policies.

In my opinion, the role of the main vassal states in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was to check and balance each other, so as to allow ** power to control these fiefs.

In this way, the country can be greatly integrated, and then it can also form its own unique competitive advantage, which can also drive the development of society, and can also form a particularly strong competitive advantage.

1. There are 148 countries in the type of historical researchers, and the larger ones are Qi, Jin, Chu, Qin, Lu, Cao, Zheng, Song, Wei, Yan, Chen, Cai, Wu, Yue and other 14 countries.

2. In the struggle for hegemony between princes in the Spring and Autumn Period, geographical location played a crucial role. Countries located in the Central Plains with convenient transportation, or countries with abundant natural resources and strong economic strength, as well as countries located in the frontiers with vast regions, have all become powerful one after another, leaving a strong mark on the political stage of the Spring and Autumn Period. Bu Nai Mountain.

Confucian moral and ethical principles such as "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, and faithfulness" should be followed.

Confucianism regards "benevolence and righteousness" as the highest standard of external behavior. They believed that exchanges between vassal states should follow Confucian moral and ethical principles such as "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, and trustworthiness." Mencius emphasized that as long as we follow the principle of "benevolence and righteousness" and have the flexibility of resourcefulness, large and small countries can live in harmony.

In foreign relations, large countries should treat small countries with "benevolence", and small countries should treat large countries with "wisdom", judge the situation, get along with big countries, and give them sufficient respect. Only in this way can we achieve harmony and win-win results.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius put forward the idea of "peace is precious" and the idea of "seeking common ground while reserving differences"; Mencius inherited the ideas of Confucius. Mencius strongly opposed hegemonism and advocated the practice of the royal way.

The reason for this is that Mencius believed that "hegemonism" advocated the use of force to conquer people's hearts, and "royal road" advocated the use of virtue to conquer people; Militarily, Mencius was a typical defender, but Mencius was not blindly opposed to war. If war is just, merciful, and in the interests of the people, Mencius is not against war.

Impact: The war for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period brought disaster and suffering to the vast majority of the people. But it also prompted the vassal states to carry out reforms, which were conducive to social and economic development; The annexation of large countries to small states, the reduction in the number of vassal states, and the acceleration of China's unification; Contacts between various ethnic groups are conducive to promoting ethnic affinity.