Theodolite leveling steps, what is the purpose of theodolite alignment?

1. Centering:

1. Open the tripod to place the instrument.

Bend down and release the three tripod fixation spirals to open the tripod. Essentials: Turn the upper end of the left hand stand at the same time, and release the three fixed spirals in turn with the right hand.

Pay attention to loosen the legs that can twitch the legs, not too much. Straighten the left hand to lift the tripod to shoulder height, rotate the tripod at the same time, and tighten the three fixed screws in turn with the right hand.

Hold both hands under the leg space, keep your hands parallel to open the legs, and place the tripod above the point. Essentials: The three legs are equilateral triangles, the point is in the middle of the triangle, each leg is 40-50 cm away from the point, and the eyes are level with the head of the frame to ensure that the head of the frame is horizontal.

Take out the theodolite and place it on the tripod and fix it with the connecting bolts.

2. Centering Adjust the light spiral of the objective lens and the light spiral of the eyepiece of the pointer, see the ground point and the point ring, hold the legs with both hands in parallel, lift the two tripods slightly and move slowly, so that the pointer is aligned with the point. Essentials: Keep your hands parallel, keep the head of the frame parallel by feeling, when the head of the frame is not parallel, after distinguishing the direction of inclination, move a leg back and forth to make the head of the frame parallel.

The parallel head of the frame is the key condition to ensure the leveling speed).

2. Rough leveling: 1. See the location of the bubbles in the garden, and determine which leg should be raised or lowered. Essentials: It is necessary to use the leg for rough leveling, not with the foot spiral for rough leveling, otherwise the point device will deviate too much.

2. The lifting frame leg centers the round level bubble. Essentials: When lifting the frame leg, the left thumb is pressed on the movable frame leg, and the remaining four grasp the fixed frame leg, so that even if the fastening spiral frame leg is loosened, it will not rise and fall, and at the same time, it can also control the fine-tuning of the frame leg.

In addition, when lifting the frame legs, the movement range of the garden bubble can only be within 90 degrees of this position, otherwise it will cause excessive lifting and affect the rough-flat speed.

3. Jingping: 1. Parallel the tube level to any two foot spirals, and rotate the two foot spirals to center the long bubbles. Essentials: The spiral rotation of the foot should not exceed 90 degrees, otherwise the pointer will seriously deviate from the point.

2. Rotate the tube level 90 degrees, perpendicular to the two foot spirals just now, and rotate the remaining foot spiral to center the long bubble. Tips: Be sure not to rotate the two spirals in step 1 at this time, otherwise the adjusted parallel lines in step 1 will be broken.

3. Return and rotate 90 degrees to see if the bubble is centered. It is likely that there will be a slight deviation, and then leveling.

Fourth, re-centering:

1. See if the pointer is still in the center of the point, if not, loosen the connecting spiral slightly, so that the instrument can move on the head of the frame, gently move the instrument, make the pointer accurately align the point, and tighten the connecting spiral. Essentials: At this time, the head of the frame should be level, otherwise the air bubbles will deviate significantly after moving the instrument.

2. If the moving instrument cannot be centered, move the instrument back to the center of the frame head, tighten the connecting spiral, see the alignment device with three foot spirals, and then repeat the rough leveling-fine leveling-re-centering operation.

Fifth, re-fine-leveling.

1. Repeat the leveling operation and strictly center the long bubble.

2. If any foot spirally rotates more than 90 degrees in this operation, it is also necessary to re-center-re-level.

After the theodolite is aligned, it is first rough-flat: the lifting tripod centers the air bubbles in the leveling tube. Re-leveling: Rotate the foot spiral so that the air bubble in the circular level tube is centered. That is, the leveling is completed. I don't know if it's clear.

Secure the instrument; Use the foot screws to level the round blisters first. Long blisters: 4 directions are also OK or 3 sides of the instrument base.

The purpose of the alignment is to place the instrument so that its center and station marker are on the same plumb line. Vertical ball alignment or optical alignment can be utilized. The purpose of leveling is to adjust the bubble of the level tube to make the vertical axis of the instrument in the plumb position.

Rough leveling can be placed when the theodolite is moved, so that the round level bubble is centered; Precise leveling is to rotate the foot spiral according to the "left method" to center the bubble of the alignment leveling tube.

Theodolite role.

When measuring, the theodolite is placed on a tripod, the center of the instrument is aligned with the ground measuring station with a vertical ball or optical pointer, the instrument is leveled with a level, the telescope is aimed at the measurement target, and the horizontal angle and vertical angle are measured with a horizontal dial and a vertical dial. According to the accuracy, it is divided into precision theodolite and ordinary theodolite; According to the reading equipment, it can be divided into optical theodolite and vernier theodolite; According to the shaft structure, it is divided into a double theodolite and a direction theodolite.

In addition, there are coded dial theodolite that automatically records dial readings by coded perforation; automatic tracking theodolite with continuous automatic aiming at air targets; Gyro-theodolite and laser theodolite that use the principle of gyro-orientation to quickly and independently determine the orientation of ground points; It is an all-round theodolite for astronomical observation with three functions: theodolite, meridian and zenith; Combining a camera with a theodolite for photographic theodolite for terrestrial photogrammetry, etc.

The principle of measuring the angle of the theodolite is to use the principle of line of sight, and only after you level the instrument team can you ensure that the measured angle is correct.

The instrument is flat, in order to ensure the accuracy, what is not uneven is in vain, understand?

The operation steps of the theodolite: first set up the instrument: Place the theodolite on the head of the rack, let the head of the frame be roughly horizontal, and then tighten the connecting spiral.

The purpose of aligning the theodolite is to make the center of the instrument and the measuring station on the same plumb line. You can move the tripod and rotate the foot spiral at will to make the alignment mark accurately align with the center of the measuring station. Then level the instrument so that the vertical axis of the instrument is plumb, and the leveling dial must be horizontal.

Coarse flat telescopic legs to center the round level bubbles. Finally, check whether the alignment mark deviates from the ground point. If it deviates, unscrew the connecting spiral on the tripod, translate the instrument base so that the alignment mark is accurately aligned with the center of the measuring station, and then tighten the connecting spiral.

Rotate the foot spiral so that the tube level bubble is centered.

The operation steps of the theodolite: first set up the instrument: Place the theodolite on the head of the rack, let the head of the frame be roughly horizontal, and then tighten the connecting spiral.

The purpose of aligning the theodolite is to make the center of the instrument and the measuring station on the same plumb line. You can move the tripod and rotate the foot spiral at will to make the alignment mark accurately align with the center of the measuring station. Then level the instrument so that the vertical axis of the instrument is plumb, and the leveling dial must be horizontal.

Coarse flat telescopic legs to center the round level bubbles. Finally, check whether the alignment mark deviates from the ground point. If it deviates, unscrew the connecting spiral on the tripod, translate the instrument base so that the alignment mark is accurately aligned with the center of the measuring station, and then tighten the connecting spiral.

Rotate the foot spiral so that the tube level bubble is centered. Precautions: When transporting the instrument, it should be transported and moved in the original packaging box.

When moving the instrument and tripod together at close range, keep the instrument upright. The plug should be turned off before unplugging. The battery must be turned off before replacement.

The instrument should only be stored in a dry room. It should be protected from sunlight, rain, and collision and vibration. It is strictly forbidden to point the instrument directly at the sun.

How can I level the theodolite quickly? Hello dear! Theodolite leveling method:

1. Place the tripod on the measuring station first, so that the tripod head is roughly horizontal, and the center of the tripod head is roughly aligned with the center of the measuring station; Fix the instrument on the tripod, move the two feet of the tripod to close the spring, so that the center of the ground station sign and the center of the centering device roughly coincide; 2. Centering the circular level bubble forest through the lifting tripod, loosening the instrument connecting screws, moving the instrument, making the center of the ground station sign and the center of the centering device accurately coincide, and tightening the connecting screws; 3. Accurately level the instrument with the leg spiral: first parallel the long horizontal tube to the two foot spirals, and adjust the two foot spirals to center the blister; Then make the long horizontal tube perpendicular to the line direction of the two foot spirals, and adjust the third foot spiral to make the bubble centered; 4. The above centering and leveling process may be repeated until the accurate centering, and the rotation alignment part is in all directions, the bubble of the long horizontal tube is centered, and there is no (1) and (2) steps when the instrument is placed on the forced centering observation pier. The placement method of the theodolite:

1. The tripod is adjusted to the same length and suitable for the height of the operator, and the instrument is fixed on the tripod, so that the base surface of the instrument is parallel to the top surface of the tripod; 2. Place the instrument dance on the measuring station, after the visual estimation is roughly centered, step on a stable foot, adjust the eyepiece of the optical centering device (see the cross wire clearly) and the objective lens (see the measuring station clearly), use each hand to lift a leg to swing back and forth, left and right, and look at the centering device to make the intersection of the cross wire coincide with the measuring station, stabilize and step on the solid foot; 3. Telescopic tripod leg length leveling round level; 4. Parallel two leveling spirals of the leveling pipe, and leveling the leveling pipe; 5. Rotate the quasi-part at 90 degrees, and level the horizontal tube with the third spiral; 6. Check the optical alignment, if there is a small amount of deviation, you can open the connecting spiral translation base to make it accurately aligned, tighten the connecting spiral, and then check the centering of the horizontal bubble. Hope it helps!

Placement instrument: the tripod is at a moderate height, so that the measuring point is in the field of view; After the device is erected, the connecting spiral is tightened.

Forced alignment: hold the two feet of the tripod in your hand so that the center of the optical aligner coincides with the measuring point;

Rough leveling: use the telescopic part of the tripod leg to adjust the length of the tripod leg so that the instrument is basically level (the bubble of the circular level is basically centered);

Precise leveling: adjust the foot spiral to center the long horizontal bubble;

Precise alignment: move the base, precise alignment (can only move back and forth, left and right, not rotate);

Repeat, two steps, until the end of the spring such as full centering, leveling.

The purpose of theodolite leveling is to keep the horizontal dial in the horizontal position and the vertical dial in the plumb position.

Theodolite calibration: accurate leveling instrument, if there is a deviation in the long level bubble, use the dial needle to correct one-half with the foot spiral beam one-half, horizontally look at the level to find a point, horizontal disk, vertical disk reading, turn 180 degrees to see the difference, calibration.

Theodolite introduction: It is a measuring instrument designed according to the principle of angle measurement to measure horizontal angles and vertical angles, which is divided into two types: optical theodolite and electronic theodolite, the most commonly used is electronic theodolite. The theodolite is the mechanical part of the telescope that enables the telescope to point in different directions.

The theodolite has two perpendicular shafts to adjust the azimuth and horizontal height of the telescope.

Function: When measuring, place the theodolite on a tripod, use a vertical ball or optical pointer to align the center of the instrument to the ground measuring station, use a level to level the instrument, aim at the measurement target with a telescope, and measure the horizontal angle and vertical angle with a horizontal dial and a vertical dial.

Theodolite structure before repentance:

Telescope brake spiral, telescope, telescope micro-motion spiral, horizontal brake, horizontal micro-motion spiral, foot spiral, optical sight, objective lens focusing, eyepiece focusing, dial reading microscope focusing, vertical disk index tube level, micro-motion spiral, optical centerer, base round level, instrument base, vertical dial, vertical dial illuminator, illumination section tube level, horizontal dial position change handwheel.

The telescope is connected to the vertical disk and mounted on the bracket of the instrument, which is called the illumination part of the instrument and belongs to the upper part of the instrument. The telescope, together with the vertical disk, can rotate in the vertical plane around the horizontal axis, and the telescope's collimation axis should be orthogonal to the horizontal axis, and the horizontal axis should pass through the depiction center of the water disk. The number axis of the alignment part (the rotation axis of the alignment part) is inserted into the shaft sleeve of the instrument base, and the alignment part can be moved before horizontal rubber turning.