A summary of junior high school geography knowledge and a summary of junior high school geography kn

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There are many theoretical knowledge points of geography in junior high school, so how should candidates accurately write down these knowledge points? For those who want to know, look at it, the following is carefully prepared by me for you "Summary of Junior High School Geography Knowledge Points" for reference only, continue to pay attention to this site will continue to get more information!

A summary of junior high school geography knowledge points

1. Maps. 1. Representation of scale: textual, linear, and numerical.

2. Comparison of scale size: the larger the denominator, the smaller the scale; The smaller the denominator, the larger the scale.

3. The larger the scale, the smaller the scope and the more detailed the content; The smaller the scale, the larger the range and the simpler the content.

4. Scale = distance on the map and distance from the field.

5. Representation of the direction on the map:

The general map destroys the Qin, using the general orientation method: facing the map, up the north, down the south, left west, right east.

Maps with pointing markers are oriented by pointing to the mark: the direction of the arrow pointing to the target generally points north.

Maps with graticules are oriented using the graticule: the meridians indicate the north-south direction, and the parallels indicate the east-west direction.

6. Legend: Symbols on the map that represent various geographical things. (Remember the commonly used legend).

7. Note: On the map, the words used to describe the names of mountains, rivers, countries, cities, etc., as well as the numbers indicating the height of mountains and the depth of water.

8. Altitude (absolute height): The vertical distance above sea level at a certain point on the earth's surface. Relative height: The vertical distance at which one point on the earth's surface is above another.

Contour lines: Lines connecting points at the same altitude on the map.

9. On the contour topographic map, the contour lines are dense, indicating that the slope is steep; The contour lines are sparse, indicating a gentle slope.

10. Judge the terrain by the characteristics of the contour line:

Summit: The contour line is high in the middle and low on all sides.

Ridge: Contour lines protrude low.

Valley: Contour lines protrude into heights.

Saddle: The contour lines on both sides are relatively high.

Cliff: A place where multiple contour lines overlap.

Further Reading: Practical Tips for Middle School Geography

This requires making full use of globes and maps to know the spatial location and spatial connections of the geographical things mentioned above.

Learning to use textbooks is not only a tool for mastering knowledge and skills, but also a basis for cultivating self-learning ability. The table of contents prompts the essentials and connections of the whole book, and it is important to read it frequently so that you have a good idea of what the book is about. Read the texts carefully, read and think deeply, grasp the main points, write down the questions, pay special attention to the illustrations and **, and understand the problems illustrated by the charts.

Furthermore. To learn geography, you should not only understand the content in textbooks, learn to read, use, and draw geographical charts, but also pay attention to nature and society, see the appearance of the local geographical environment, and how people move in the local area. When observing, use your brain to think about it and ask a few more whys.

In addition to these, we should also read more geography books, newspapers and periodicals, listen to the content of geography on the radio, and obtain information about geography from the computer network, which can enrich our geographical knowledge, exercise our intelligence, and enable us to better learn geography!

Junior high school geography knowledge points:

From the eastern and western hemispheres, China is located in the eastern hemisphere, and from the northern and southern hemispheres, China is located in the northern hemisphere.

From the perspective of the continental and oceanic position, China is located on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean in eastern Asia.

In terms of latitude, most of China is located in the middle latitudes, which belongs to the north temperate zone, and a small part of the south is located in the tropics, and there is no cold zone.

China's land area is about 9.6 million square kilometers, ranking third in the world, second only to Russia and Canada.

China's population is unevenly distributed, with a large population density in the eastern region, especially in the southeast coast, and a small population density in the western region.

China's mainland coastline is more than 18,000 kilometers long, and there are 6 countries across the sea from China, namely Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, and Indonesia.

From north to south, China's endangered oceans are the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the South China Sea.

The Bohai Sea has China's largest salt farm, Changlu Salt Farm, and the East China Sea has China's largest fishing ground, Zhoushan Fishery.

Knowledge points of latitude and longitude and latitude.

Longitude and longitude: The line that connects the north and south poles. There are countless meridians, and the meridian that passes through the original site of the Greenwich Observatory in London, England is the 0 ° meridian (also known as the prime meridian), and the highest degree of longitude is 180°.

Latitude and Latitude: A line that intersects perpendicular to the meridian. There are also countless parallels, the parallels that are equal to the poles are called 0° parallels (also called the equator), and the highest degree of latitude is 90°.

Boundary. (1) Eastern hemisphere range: east of 20°W to west of 160°E.

2) The tropics, the cold zone within the Polar Circle, and the temperate zone between the Tropic of Cancer and the Polar Circle.

3) Latitude within 30° is a low latitude area, above 60° is a high latitude area, and between 30° and 60° is a mid-latitude area.

Knowledge points of sea and land distribution in junior high school geography.

1) Use maps and data to tell the proportion of land and sea in the world: the ocean covers 71% of the Earth's surface area, and the land covers 29% of the Earth's surface area.

2) Geographical distribution and profile of the seven continents and the four oceans.

Seven continents: (from largest to smallest) Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Oceania.

Four oceans: (from largest to smaller) Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean.

Continental boundaries: Asia and Africa: Suez Canal North and South America: Panama Canal.

Asia and Europe: Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Greater Caucasus Mountains, Black Sea, Turkish Straits.

The key knowledge of geography in junior high school is summarized as follows:

1. The shape and size of the earth.

The Earth is an irregular sphere with slightly flattened poles, and its average diameter is 6,371 meters.

2. Latitude and latitude.

On the globe, the circle that circles the globe in the east-west direction is called the parallel, the equator is the longest, and gradually shortens towards the poles, and finally becomes a point. The parallels indicate the east-west direction.

3. Longitude and longitude.

On a globe, the line that connects the north and south poles and intersects perpendicular to the parallels is called the meridian, also called the meridian. All the warp threads are semicircular; The length is equal and indicates the north-south direction.

The 20°W and 160°E meridian coils are the boundary between the eastern and western hemispheres.

4. The rotation of the earth alternates with day and night.

The Earth's rotation around the Earth's axis is constantly rotating from west to east, which is called the Earth's rotation. The rotation time is about 24 hours, which is one day. The rotation produces a day-night alternation.

5. Earth's revolution and seasonal changes.

At the same time as the rotation of the earth, it also revolves from west to east around the sun, and one revolution is one year. The rotation of the earth produces seasonal changes.

6. The division of the five belts.

The Tropic of Cancer is the dividing line between the tropics and the temperate zone. The polar circle is the dividing line between the cold and temperate zones. The tropics are between the Tropic of Cancer, the temperate zone is between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle, and between the Tropic of Cancer and the Antarctic Circle.

In areas north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle, the cold zone has polar night and polar day.