How to make shadow puppetry How is the shadow puppet of a shadow puppet show made?

The material of the shadow puppet is sheepskin or cowhide. Hair, scrape, grease and then nail to a board and pull tight to dry. The designed drawings are copied on these skins.

The first step is to choose the skin: the raw materials of shadow puppets vary from place to place. For example, the production of Longdong shadow puppets generally uses young, black bull leather, which is moderately thick, strong and flexible, and transparent in the green.

Shadow puppet practice with cardboard**.

Rural town brother.

China has a vast territory, and the shadow puppets in various places have their own characteristics, but most of the production procedures of shadow puppets are the same, usually through the selection of leather, leather, painting, drafting, engraving, coloring, sweating ironing, embellishment and other eight processes, hand-carved more than 3,000 knives, is a complex and wonderful process.

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Method steps. View multiple images.

The first step is to choose the skin: the raw materials of shadow puppets vary from place to place. For example, the production of Longdong shadow puppets generally uses young, black bull leather, which is moderately thick, strong and flexible, and transparent in the green.

Method steps. View multiple images.

The second step, leathermaking: there are many ways to make leather, taking Shaanxi shadow puppetry as an example, there are usually two ways to concoct its raw material - cowhide:"Net skin"with"Gray skin"。

Net skin"The production process is to first soak the selected cowhide in clean cold water for two or three days, take it out and scrape it with a knife four times, soak it in water once each time, until the fourth time Seiko, scrape the skin thin and soak bright. After scraping, it is propped on a wooden frame to dry, and when it is clear and transparent, you can make shadow puppets. "Gray skin"Also known as:"Soft scrape"When soaking the skin, calcium oxide (lime), sodium sulfide (stinky caustic soda), sulfuric acid, ammonium sulfate and other agents are formulated into water, and the cowhide is repeatedly soaked and scraped.

The leather scraped out by this method is similar to glass and is more suitable for carving.

The third step, sketch: When making shadow puppetry, there is a special sketch, called"Specimens", these design artwork.

The fourth step, drafting: the carving artist will scrape the scraped skin into pieces, with a damp cloth to soften it, and then use a special push plate, a little oil juice to push and rub one by one, so that the cowhide is more flat and smooth, and can remove the shrinkage of the leather, and then can trace the pattern. The rational use of the finished leather before the drawing is also a meticulous work.

The thin and translucent finished skin should be used on the prominent parts of the head, chest, and abdomen; Thicker, darker finished leather that can be used on legs and other general props. This can not only save raw materials, but also improve the quality of shadow puppetry, and also make the shadow puppet characters light and heavy, and be stable and take advantage of the performance and standing still. The next step is to trace the pattern, using a steel needle to copy and depict the outline and design pattern of each part on the leather surface, which is called"Manuscript review", and then put the skin on the jujube or pear wood board to carve.

Shadow puppetry: Step 1: When playing shadow puppetry, you can hold the neck stick with one hand and hold two hand sticks with the other hand to bring the shadow puppet close to the screen. As shown in the figure below:

Step 2: Learn how to walk with a shadow puppet. As long as you use the fingers that hold the hand stick, twist the two hand sticks, make the two arms of the filmmaker swing back and forth, and move the whole filmmaker forward smoothly at the same time, it is a walking failure. As shown in the figure below:

Step 3: The action of turning around the shadow figure is to activate the three joysticks synchronously and flip the shadow figure left and right 180 degrees.

Step 4: When the shadow figure stops, the arm stops swinging. As shown in the figure below:

Shadow puppetry is made of a variety of skins, generally cowhide or sheepskin, the fur on the skin is scraped off, then exposed to the sun, and then the skin is straightened and dried.

It is first made of cowhide or sheepskin, then removed from excess hair and oil, and then dried to draw various patterns on the skin. After being made, it's done.

Through the selection of skin, painting of skin, continuous carving, selection of all aspects, and then various artistic creations, finally there is a shadow puppet.

Shadow puppetry in general.

Bai people, there is one at the neck.

The lever that supports the entire shadow man is called a neck pick, and it also has its own genus on the two hands of the shadow man.

A joystick, called a hand sign.

When playing shadow puppetry, you can hold the neck stick with one hand and two hand sticks with the other, and practice the shadow figure close to the curtain, glass window, or wall. The first step is to learn how to walk with a shadow puppet. Under normal circumstances, the shadow man walks without the movement of the legs.

As long as you use the fingers that hold the hand stick, twist the two hand sticks, make the two arms of the shadow person swing back and forth, and move the whole shadow figure forward smoothly at the same time, which is the action of walking. When the shadow figure stands, his arms stop swinging.

The action of turning back is to activate the three joysticks synchronously, flipping the shadow figure left and right 180 degrees. For Danjiao, the action should be slow and steady, and the Wujiao action should be slightly fast and powerful. It is worth noting that no matter whether you are walking or standing, keep your feet on the horizon of the screen.

In addition, there is also a walking operation method, that is, one hand grasps the neck stick and a hand stick, this hand stick basically does not swing or swings very little when the filmmaker walks, and the hand stick in the other hand manipulates the shadow person's arm to swing, which can also show the effect of the shadow person walking.

The production of shadow puppets generally needs to go through the process of material selection, processing, drawing, drafting, engraving, coloring, sweating ironing, and knotting, and the specific methods are as follows

1. Material selection. The material of shadow puppetry is generally cowhide, hairless, scraped, greased, and then nailed to a wooden board to be tightened and dried.

2. Processing. Soak the cowhide in clean cold water for 2-3 days, take it out and scrape it with a knife 4 times, soak it in water with water for each scrape, until the 4th time Seiko, scrape the skin thin and soak until it is shiny, and dry it on the wooden belt cracked frame after scraping, and make a shadow puppet when it is clear and transparent. It can also be made by soaking cowhide in a special potion and soaking it repeatedly.

3. Sketches. When making shadow puppets, there are special sketches, called "sample scores", which design different images according to the identity and personality of the characters.

4. Manuscript approval. The scraped leather is broken into pieces, and after being damp and soft with a damp cloth, it is then rubbed one by one with a special push plate to make the cowhide more flat and smooth, and then the pattern is traced, and the outline and design pattern of each part are copied and depicted on the leather surface with a steel needle.

5. Engraving. The leather is carved on a jujube or pear wood board, and different patterns are carved with different knife techniques. The ruler is weak.

6. Apply color. After the shadow puppet carving is completed, the solid color is turned into a slightly larger wine cup, a few pieces of transparent leather glue made of fine leather are put in, and then the cup is placed on a special lamp stand, and the alcohol lamp is lit below.

Fire, so that the glue color blends into a porridge shape, and apply it to the shadow puppet while it is hot.

7. Sweat and iron.

After applying the color, it is necessary to dehydrate and sweat the shadow puppet, which is to make the color eat into the cowhide at a suitable high temperature, and make the water retained in the skin volatilize. You can use a thin wooden board to clamp the shadow puppet parts and press them under the mat of the hot kang, or wrap the shadow parts with a flat cloth and iron them.

8. Bonding. The production of shadow puppet figures is completed by dismemberment, and finally all parts of the body are sewn together with threads, and a pipe is attached to the back, and a bamboo stick is inserted, and the shadow puppet is made.