Who restricts a scholar s right to use a rare book

One: What is a rare book?

The original concept of a rare book refers to a book that has been rigorously edited and has no textual errors.

2. The measurement and evaluation criteria of rare books: "three sexes" and "nine articles".

Three sexes: 1: historical relics.

The so-called historical relics should have two meanings:

First, it refers to the earlier era of printing and copying of ancient books and the value of historical relics.

The second is that ancient books can be used as physical witnesses of historical figures and historical events and have a certain commemorative significance.

2: Academic information.

The so-called academic informationality, in addition to the manuscripts, manuscripts, manuscripts, and printed copies that have undergone careful examination and have few textual errors, and have been carefully annotated by previous generations of scholars, should also include those manuscripts, manuscripts, manuscripts, and printed copies that have unique academic views, or have the characteristics of a school, or are more systematic in gathering public opinions, or have relatively concentrated, more perfect, and relatively rare materials that reflect a certain period, a certain field, a certain person, or a certain event.

3: Artistic representation.

The so-called artistic representation mainly refers to those that can reflect the invention, development and maturity level of various printing technologies in ancient China; or in the binding, it can reflect the evolution of various binding forms of ancient books in China; Or the use of paper is special, well-printed, can reflect the progress of China's ancient papermaking technology and the level of printing technology of ancient books.

Nine Articles: 1: Books engraved and copied in the Yuan Dynasty and before the Yuan Dynasty. Including fragments and loose leaves

2: Books engraved and copied in the Ming Dynasty. Including fragments and loose leaves with special value But the engraving is vague, and those who circulate more will not be accepted.

3: There are few engraved copies and manuscripts that were circulated before Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty.

4: Books printed by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and successive peasant revolutionary regimes.

5: Before the Xinhai Revolution, there were unique views on academic research, or there were school-style characteristics, or manuscripts that gathered the crowd to be more systematic, and there were few engraved manuscripts in circulation.

6: Before the Xinhai Revolution, manuscripts reflecting information on a certain period, a certain field or a certain event, as well as engraved copies and manuscripts that were rarely circulated.

8: In terms of printing, it can reflect the development of ancient printing and represent the technical level of a certain period of various movable type prints, overprints or engravings with fine prints and illustrations.

9: The full collection of the Ming Dynasty, the collection of ancient seals of the Qing Dynasty, the seal of the famous seal carving, the collection of characteristic autographed inscriptions, generally do not collect.

Good is the meaning of good, and the original connotation of rare books refers to those books that are engraved with good school periodicals, good binding, long times, little circulation, and academic value and historical value.

Since she doesn't want to take you, you can learn it yourself, self-taught, isn't it just an accountant, and there are those who can't learn, and you will slowly get started after a long time.

Rare books refer to rare and excellent ancient books or manuscripts.