The industrial method of sulfuric acid industry, the chemical equation of industrial sulfuric acid

Method 1: The raw materials for the production of sulfuric acid include sulfur, pyrite, non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas, gypsum, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and waste sulfuric acid. Sulfur, pyrite and smelting flue gas are the three main raw materials.

1. Preparation of sulfur dioxide (boiling furnace).

2. Contact oxidation to sulfur trioxide (contact chamber).

3. Absorption with sulfuric acid.

4. Add water. 5. Purification.

Industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can be distilled to obtain commercial sulfuric acid with a concentration of 95% and 98%.

After the phosphoric acid reaction of the dihydrate method, phosphogypsum is used for industrial recycling, and sulfuric acid is produced by dihydrate method.

Method 2: 1. Preparation of sulfur dioxide (boiling furnace).

2. Dissolve sulfur dioxide in water to turn sulfurous acid.

3. Sulfurous acid is oxidized to obtain sulfuric acid.

Extended Information: Main Uses of Sulfuric Acid Industry.

1. Using its acidity, it can be used to make phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer; Can be rust removed; It can be used to make sulfate with great practical value.

2. Using the water absorption of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid is commonly used as a water absorbent and desiccant in the laboratory. Concentrated sulfuric acid can dry neutral gases and acidic gases, but cannot dry alkaline gases and reducing gases at room temperature.

3. Using the dehydration of concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid is often used as a dehydrating agent for refining petroleum and a dehydrating agent for organic reactions.

4. The high boiling point of concentrated sulfuric acid is difficult to volatile, and it is often used to prepare various volatile acids.

Laboratories also commonly use concentrated hydrochloric acid mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid to quickly and easily produce HCl gas. Because concentrated sulfuric acid has water absorption, it can absorb water in concentrated hydrochloric acid, and can release a large amount of heat, accelerate the volatilization of HCl and dry HCl gas.

A simple process for the industrial preparation of high chemical sulfuric acid.

1. Chemical equation of industrial sulfuric acid.

h2s2o7+h2o_2h2so4。

2. Preparation process:

1) Preparation of sulfur dioxide.

Boiling furnace): burning sulfur or high-temperature treated pyrite.

Preparation of sulfur dioxide.

S+O2 ignites SO2;

4FeS2+11O2 High temperature 8SO2+2FE2O3;

2) Exposure oxidation to sulfur trioxide.

Contact chamber): 2SO2+O2 2SO3 (with vanadium pentoxide.

As a catalyst, the reaction is reversible.

3) Absorption with sulfuric acid: SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7 (pyrosulfuric acid);

4) Add water (absorption and extraction): H2S2O7 + H2O 2H2SO45) purification process: industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can be used.

Distillation can obtain commercial sulfuric acid with a concentration of 95%-98%.

The raw materials for the production of sulfuric acid by industrial production method include sulfur, pyrite, non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas, gypsum, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and waste sulfuric acid. Lizhilu sulfur, pyrite and smelting flue gas are the three main raw materials.

Sulfuric acid is widely used in various industrial sectors, mainly in the fertilizer industry, metallurgical industry, petroleum industry, machinery industry, pharmaceutical industry, detergent production, military industry, atomic energy industry and aerospace industry.

Sulfuric acid is also used in the production of dyes, pesticides, chemical fibers, plastics, coatings, and a variety of basic organic and inorganic chemical products.

1. Pyrite is used to produce sulfur dioxide.

2. Oxidize sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.

3. Absorb sulfur trioxide with sulfuric acid.

4. Distillation of industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can obtain commercial concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 95% and 98%.

At atmospheric pressure, boiling concentrated sulfuric acid can corrode all metals except iridium and ruthenium, and the number of elemental metal species that can be corroded even exceeds that of aqua regia.

Industrial sulfuric acid: 4FeS2 + 11O2 = 8SO2 + 2FE2O3, 2SO2 + O2 = 2SO3, SO3 + H2O = H2SO4.

Industrially produced nitric acid.

4nh3+5o2=4no+6h2o，2no+o2=2no2，3no2+h2o=2hno3+no。

Concentrated sulfuric acid. It can absorb water vapor from air or other gases.

Wet water mixed in solids, crystal water in crystal hydrates, commonly used gas washing cylinders containing concentrated sulfuric acid to dry some gases (such as H2, Cl2, SO2, etc.), can not dry alkaline gases (such as NH3, etc.) and strong reducing gases (such as H2S, etc.).

A simple process for the industrial preparation of high chemical sulfuric acid.

A simple process for the industrial preparation of high chemical sulfuric acid.

Industrial Method.

The raw materials for the production of sulfuric acid include sulfur, pyrite, non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas, gypsum, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide and waste sulfuric acid.

Sulfur, pyrite and smelting flue gas are the three main raw materials.

1.Sulfur dioxide production (boiling furnace): Sulfur dioxide is burned or pyrite is treated at high temperature to produce sulfur dioxide S+O2 to ignite SO2

4FeS2+11O2 High temperature 8So2+2Fe2O32Contact oxidation to sulfur trioxide (contact chamber).

2SO2+O2 2SO3 (with vanadium pentoxide as catalyst, the reaction is a reversible reaction) 3Absorbed with sulfuric acid.

SO3+H2SO4 H2S2O7 (pyrosulfate)4Add water (absorb it).

h2s2o7+h2o═2h2so4

Purification process. Industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can be distilled to obtain commercial sulfuric acid with a concentration of 95% and 98%.

Sulfur or pyrite is first burned or roasted in air to obtain sulfur dioxide gas.

The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is the key to the production of sulfuric acid, and its reaction is: 2SO2 + O2 2SO3

This reaction is practically impossible to take place at room temperature and in the absence of catalysts.

According to the different pathways of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide, the methods of making sulfuric acid can be divided into contact method and nitrification method.

The contact method uses vanadium pentoxide V2O5 containing potassium oxide or potassium sulfate (co-urge) supported on diatomaceous earth as a catalyst to convert sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide.

The nitrification method uses nitrogen oxide as an oxygen transmitter to oxidize sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide: SO2 + N2O3 + H2O H2SO4 + 2NO

According to the different equipment used, the nitrification method is divided into the lead chamber method and the tower method, and now the lead chamber method has been eliminated; The sulfuric acid concentration produced by the tower method is only 76; The contact method can produce sulfuric acid with a concentration of more than 98; Most adopted.

Main Equations:

4fes2+11o2=2fe2o3+8so2

2so2+o2=2so3

so3+h2o=h2so4

Industrial production of sulfuric acid is generally based on different raw materials, the production process of sulfuric acid is different, the equipment is also different, the raw materials are generally pyrite, sulfur, non-ferrous metal smelting gas, gypsum, etc., a pyrite as an example, the process of producing sulfuric acid is generally divided into three stages.

Stage 1: Manufacture of sulfur dioxide furnace gas.

Roasting pyrite, in which iron sulfide (FeS2) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce sulfur dioxide gas.

This process takes place in a boiling furnace, and the gas that comes out of the boiling furnace is called furnace gas, which contains sulfur dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor and other impurities. Water vapor and impurities are harmful to both the equipment and the next oxidation reaction, so the furnace gas must be purified and dried.

Stage 2: Catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide.

After purification and drying, the furnace gas (mainly sulfur dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.) enters the converter equipped with a catalyst, and the sulfur dioxide and oxygen undergo a redox reaction on the surface of the catalyst (vanadium pentoxide) to produce sulfur trioxide gas.

This process is considered from the two aspects of rate and conversion rate, and the reaction is carried out under the conditions of atmospheric pressure and temperature control of 400 -500.

Stage 3: Sulfur trioxide absorption.

3) The sulfur trioxide coming out of the converter enters the absorption tower and reacts with water to form sulfuric acid.

In order to prevent the formation of acid mist, this process cannot be absorbed directly with water, but is absorbed with concentrated sulfuric acid in the absorption tower.

Industrial sulfuric acid is an oily liquid, which generally looks colorless and transparent, the density of sulfuric acid is greater than that of water, and it releases a lot of heat when dissolved in water; It is strongly corrosive and dehydrating. It is mainly divided into concentrated sulfuric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, oleum sulfuric acid, liquid sulfur trioxide, battery sulfuric acid, etc., and also produces high-concentration oleum sulfuric acid, liquid sulfur dioxide, ammonium sulfite and other products. Industrial sulfuric acid is divided into concentrated sulfuric acid and oleum.

High school chemistry, the simple process of industrial preparation of sulfuric acid, hurry up and follow me to see.