How to produce sulfuric acid in industry, and how to produce concentrated sulfuric acid in sulfuric

1. Combustion of S-based SO2

S + O2 = Ignition = SO2

Or high-temperature calcining Fes2 (pyrite, also called pyrite), making SO24Fes2 + 11O2 = high temperature = 2Fe2O3 + 8SO22, SO2 catalytic oxidation to SO3

2SO2 + O2 <=catalyst, heating = > 2SO3 It is a reversible reaction.

3. SO3 is absorbed into H2SO4

so3 + h2o = h2so4

Although it is combined with water, it is not absorbed with water in actual industrial production, but absorbed with concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain more concentrated oleum acid, which is then diluted to become various concentrations of sulfuric acid as needed.

Trilogy: 4Fes2 + 11O2 == (High Temperature) == 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2

2SO2 + O2 <== (HPHT catalyst) ==> 2SO3SO3 + H2O == H2SO4

The reaction is carried out in the boiling furnace, the contact chamber and the absorption tower.

The third step is to absorb SO3 with concentrated sulfuric acid.

A simple process for the industrial preparation of high chemical sulfuric acid.

The preparation method of sulfuric acid is as follows:

1. Sulfur or pyrite is first burned or roasted in the air to obtain sulfur dioxide gas. The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide is the key to the production of sulfuric acid, and its reaction is: 2SO2 + O2 2SO3.

According to the different pathways of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide, the methods of making sulfuric acid can be divided into contact method and nitrification method.

1) The contact method uses vanadium pentoxide V2O5 containing potassium oxide or potassium sulfate (booster) loaded on diatomaceous earth as a catalyst to convert sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide.

2) The nitrification method uses nitrogen oxide as an oxygen transmitter to oxidize sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide: SO2 + N2O3 + H2O H2SO4 + 2NO.

According to the different equipment used, the nitrification method is divided into the lead chamber method and the tower method, and now the lead chamber method has been eliminated; The sulfuric acid concentration produced by the tower method is only 76, while the contact method can produce sulfuric acid with a concentration of more than 98, which is the most used.

2. After the iron sulfide is crushed, it enters the boiling furnace for roasting, and the sulfur dioxide gas produced is cooled, dusted, dried (purified), enters the converter, and is generated by the catalyst to generate sulfur trioxide), and then added water after being absorbed by concentrated sulfuric acid.

3. Convert sulfur into SO2 first, and then use a catalyst with higher activity to react with O2 to convert into SO3. After the conversion reaction, the gas is heated to a certain temperature and enters the sulfuric acid condenser, where the SO3 and H2O in the gas are cooled after the reaction to directly form sulfuric acid.

1. Pyrite is used to produce sulfur dioxide.

2. Oxidize sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.

3. Absorb sulfur trioxide with sulfuric acid.

4. Distillation of industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can obtain commercial concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 95% and 98%.

At atmospheric pressure, boiling concentrated sulfuric acid can corrode all metals except iridium and ruthenium, and the number of elemental metal species that can be corroded even exceeds that of aqua regia.

Preparation of purified concentrated sulfuric acid:

Sulfur dioxide is produced, sulfur is burned or pyrite is treated at high temperature to produce sulfur dioxide: S+O ignition SO4FES 11O high temperature 8SO2FE O; Contact oxidation to sulfur trioxide: 2so o 2so ; absorption with sulfuric acid; xso₃+h₂ so ₄═h₂ so ₄ x so₃；so + h so h s o (pyrosulfate).

Add water: h so ·x so + xh o (x+1)h so ; h₂ s₂ o₇+h2o═2h₂ so ₄；Industrial concentrated sulfuric acid can be distilled to obtain a concentration of 95% 98% commercial concentrated sulfuric acid.

Other methods: After phosphoric acid reaction, phosphogypsum is used, industrial recycling, and sulfuric acid is produced by dihydrate method. The more classic preparation method is the reaction of oxalic acid and ferrous sulfate

Feso + H C O = H So + Fec O (but ferric oxalate is very fine and difficult to filter).

The method of obtaining sulfuric acid by contact method is as follows

1. Reduce ferrous sulfide to obtain iron and sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide is oxidized to generate sulfur trioxide, and then sulfur trioxide is dissolved in water;

2. Direct combustion of sulfur to generate sulfur dioxide, oxidation of sulfur dioxide to produce sulfur trioxide, and then dissolve sulfur trioxide in water.

Principles of contact method for the production of sulfuric acid:

Combustion of raw materials such as sulfur or metal sulfides to produce sulfur dioxide beams. Sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide under the action of a catalyst at an appropriate temperature, and sulfur trioxide is combined with water to form sulfuric acid.

Strengthen the heat with it.

With enhanced heat, condensation with ice-water mixture + U-shaped tube can be used to cover the socks, SO2 can be absorbed with NAOH, and H2SO4 can be theoretically obtained.

Precautions for the use of sulfuric acid:

1. Wear protective gloves when operating acid, this acid is highly corrosive, and you need to wear chemical Advent full protective glasses.

2. If the acid drops on the **, it needs to be rinsed immediately with a large amount of water and rinsed with 5% sodium bicarbonate, and in severe cases, you need to seek medical attention.

3. If the acid dripping on the ** is concentrated sulfuric acid, it needs to be gently wiped off with a dry rag before rinsing.

4. If the acid drops in the eyes, you must immediately lift the eyelids, rinse with plenty of water, and turn the eyeballs from time to time to seek medical attention.

First aid measures after exposure to sulfuric acid:

1. In contact, immediately take off the contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Medical treatment.

2. Eye contact, that is, lifting the eyelids, rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water or saline for at least 15 minutes. Medical treatment. Mountain Notice.

3. Inhale, quickly leave the scene to the fresh air, and keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If you have difficulty breathing, give oxygen. If breathing stops, artificial respiration is performed immediately. Medical treatment.

4. Eat, rinse your mouth with water, and drink milk or egg white. <>

Categories: Education, Science, >> Science & Technology.

Problem description: It is better to use materials from life.

Analysis: I know a way:

Heating of green alum (ferrous sulfate heptahydrate FeSO4·7H2O) reaction conditions: heating.

FeSO4·7H2O===Fe2O3+SO2 (gas symbol)+SO3+14H2O (1).

Too lazy to match the ......）

Then the resulting mixture of sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide is introduced into the water, (a) SO3 + H2O = H2SO4 (2).

At this time, most of the solution is sulfuric acid, of course, there is also a small part of sulfurous acid, which can be converted into sulfuric acid by continuing oxidation.

But this method is polluting the environment!

In fact, the reaction in (1) should already have an oily liquid (sulfuric acid), and the step of (a) may not be necessary, but the reaction in (2) must occur.