How is biodiesel produced, I want the answer, please thank you

Biodiesel refers to the renewable diesel fuel that can replace petrochemical diesel by transesterification process made of aquatic vegetable oils and fats such as oil crops, wild oil plants and engineered microalgae, as well as animal fats and catering waste oils.

Process introduction: (1) Physical refining: firstly, the oil is hydrated or phosphoric acid to remove phospholipids, colloids and other substances).

Then the grease is preheated, dehydrated, and degassed into the deacidification tower, the residual pressure is maintained, and excess steam is introduced, and at the steam temperature, the free acid and steam are evaporated together, and the net loss except for the free fatty acids is removed, and the free acid in the oil can be reduced to a very low amount, and the pigment can also be decomposed to make the color lighter. Under the action of the self-developed DYD catalyst, various waste animal and vegetable oils are esterified and alcohololyzed to form crude fatty acid methyl ester. (2) Methanol pre-esterification:

First, the oil is hydrated and degummed, and the flocculent formed during hydration such as phospholipids and gum is removed by a centrifuge, and then the oil is dehydrated. Excess methanol is added to the raw oil, and in the presence of an acidic catalyst, it is pre-esterified to convert the free acid into methyl ester. Methanol water was evaporated, and after fractionation, methyl C12-16 palmitate and methyl C18 oleate were separated without free acid.

3) Transesterification reaction: the pretreated oil and methanol together, add a small amount of NaOH as a catalyst, transesterification reaction at a certain temperature and atmospheric pressure, that is, methyl ester can be generated, and the two-step reaction is used to continuously remove the glycerol generated in the initial reaction through a specially designed separator, so that the transesterification reaction continues. (4) Gravity precipitation, washing and stratification.

5) Separation of glycerol and acquisition of crude methyl ester. (6) Removal of water, release of methanol, removal of catalyst and acquisition of refined biodiesel. The whole process realizes closed-circuit circulation, and all raw materials are comprehensively utilized to achieve clean production.

The general description is as follows: raw material pretreatment (dehydration, deodorization, purification) - reaction kettle (alcohol + catalyst + 70) - stirring reaction for 1 hour--- precipitation separation and impurity removal --- ** alcohol --- filtration --- finished product.

<> biodiesel. There are several production methods:

1. Chemical production, with biological oil and methanol.

or a low-carbon alcohol such as ethanol, and sodium hydroxide is used.

or sodium methyl alk as a catalyst, transesterification reaction occurs under an acidic or alkaline catalyst and high temperature to generate the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester, and then washes and dries to obtain biodiesel;

2. Biological enzyme synthesis method, using animal fat and low carbon alcohol through lipase.

Transesterification is performed.

The corresponding fatty acid methyl ester and ethyl ester were prepared. The enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel has the advantages of mild conditions, low alcohol dosage and no pollutant emissions.

3. The engineering microalgae method, the National Renewable Laboratory of the United States has built an "engineering microalgae" through modern biotechnology, that is, an "engineering microcyclophys" of diatoms, and its advantages are: the production capacity of microalgae is high, and the use of seawater as a natural medium can save agricultural resources; It is dozens of times higher than that of terrestrial plants; The biodiesel produced does not contain sulfur, does not emit toxic gases when burned, and can also be degraded by microorganisms when discharged into the environment, without polluting the environment;

4. Waste oil is used to produce biodiesel, and the raw oil is dried and heated to 120 degrees Celsius.

Vacuum dehydration and drying, control the water content of raw materials below 10%.

Biodiesel is a cleaner synthesis.

Characteristics of biodiesel and basic production process Characteristics of biodiesel 1Clean and environmentally friendly: biodiesel is non-toxic, does not contain sulfur, lead, halogen and other harmful substances, burns thoroughly, and has less pollution.

Exhaust harmful substances emissions are only 10 of standard oil, 20 particulate matter, CO emission of 10, biodiesel does not contain aromatic alkanes that will cause pollution to the environment, and the damage of exhaust gas to the human body is lower than that of ordinary diesel, the test shows that compared with ordinary diesel, the use of biodiesel can reduce the air toxicity of 90, reduce the cancer rate of 94, due to the high oxygen content of biodiesel, so that it emits less smoke when burning, and the environmental protection indicators are better than ordinary diesel. 2.Good ignition performance and more adequate combustion:

The key index of biodiesel is higher cetane number, which is greater than 45 (45 for ordinary diesel) and has better anti-knock performance than ordinary diesel. 3.Good compatibility and wide adaptability:

There is no need to change the diesel engine, it can be directly used or mixed with any proportion of ordinary diesel, and at the same time, it can directly use the ordinary diesel fuel dispenser for refueling, storage and transportation equipment. 4.Economical, wide range of raw materials:

Biodiesel is a renewable energy source that will not be exhausted, suitable for large-scale promotion, and is inexpensive and highly competitive in the market. 5.Protects the engine with little mechanical wear:

Compared with ordinary diesel, biodiesel has a slightly higher kinematic viscosity, and it is easier to form a layer of oil film on the inner wall of the cylinder without affecting the atomization of fuel, so as to improve the lubricity of moving parts and reduce the wear of parts. 6.Transportation and storage safety:

Such as rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, soybean, pine seed, flax, castor and other vegetable oils. 2.Animal fats:

Such as pigs, cattle, sheep, and other processed oils and fats, waste oils. 3.Scraps and acidified oil from various oil processing plants.

4.Gutter oil in the catering industry (swill oil, water oil). 5.

Waste oil from food processing plants. 6.By-products of chemical plants, fertilizer plants.

The basic process of biodiesel production The new biodiesel process adopts the new process of supercritical distillation-free one-step biodiesel preparation invented by Sanchuang Energy, and uses all kinds of animals and plants, oils, fatty acids, crude oil, hotel waste frying oil, gutter oil, oil scraps, acidified oil, etc. as the main raw materials. Refined biodiesel, which can be blended with 0 diesel as needed.

Biodiesel is a clean renewable energy source, which refers to the fatty acid methyl ester produced by transesterification between vegetable oil and methanol, which is a clean biofuel, also known as "renewable fuel". Both should be the same.

There are several ways to produce biodiesel:

1. Chemical production, using biological oil and methanol or other low-carbon alcohols, and using sodium hydroxide or sodium methyl alk as catalysts, transesterification reaction occurs under acidic or alkaline catalyst and high temperature to generate the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester, and then washes and dries to obtain biodiesel;

2. Biological enzyme synthesis method, using animal fat and low carbon alcohol for transesterification reaction through lipase to prepare the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester and ethyl ester. The enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel has the advantages of mild conditions, low alcohol dosage and no pollutant emissions.

3. The engineering microalgae method, the National Renewable Laboratory of the United States has built an "engineering microalgae" through modern biotechnology, that is, an "engineering microcyclophys" of diatoms, and its advantages are: the production capacity of microalgae is high, and the use of seawater as a natural medium can save agricultural resources; It is dozens of times higher than that of terrestrial plants; The biodiesel produced does not contain sulfur, does not emit toxic gases when burned, and can also be degraded by microorganisms when discharged into the environment, without polluting the environment;

4. Waste oil is used to produce biodiesel, and the raw oil is dried, the raw oil is heated to 120 degrees Celsius, and the raw material is dehydrated and dried in a vacuum to control the water content of the raw material below 10%.

Biodiesel is a cleaner synthesis.