What are the climate types of the cold zone?

Including boreal moss belts, polar ice belts.

The two basic climate types in the boreal region are the polar long cold climate and the polar ice field climate.

1. Polar long cold climate (tundra climate).

It is found on the northern edge of the North American continent and the Eurasian continent (bordered by the hottest moon 10 isotherm in the south and the subarctic continental climate), Greenland.

part of the coast and the Arctic Ocean.

a number of islands; In the Southern Hemisphere, it is found in the Malvinas Islands.

South Shetland and South Orkney Islands, among other places.

Its characteristics are: winter all year round, only 1 4 months of the year with an average monthly temperature between 0 10, and the winter is cold and long; Annual precipitation.

about 200 300 mm, mainly snow; The ground has a permafrost, only lichens.

Mosses and other lower plants.

2. Polar ice sheet climate.

It is found in and around the polar regions, including Greenland, several islands in the Arctic Ocean, and the glacial plateaus of the Antarctic continent. This is the birthplace of the ice ocean air mass and the Antarctic air mass, the whole winter is in the state of eternal night, although the summer half of the year is eternal day, but the sunlight is oblique, the heat obtained is weak, so the climate is severe cold throughout the year, and the temperature of each month is below 0.

Characteristics of the cold climate:

The length of day and night varies the most in the cold climate zone, with polar days.

and the polar night phenomenon, with no obvious change of seasons. The boreal climate zone covers 10% of the total area of the planet.

The cold climate is mainly characterized by short, cold summers and long, harsh winters. There is a large annual temperature difference. The zone at the junction of temperate and cold zones in the northern hemisphere, the area with the warmest monthly average temperature of more than 10 in summer, has a vast cold coniferous forest, which is the world's main timber land.

Precipitation is scarce in the cold climate zone, mainly snowfall, solar radiation is weak, ground radiation is strong, and there have been extreme minimum temperatures on the earth.

The soil in the cold climate zone is glacial marsh and permafrost, the vegetation is sparse, and the representative animal is the polar bear.

and penguins, with aurora views.

The cold climate is characterized by severe cold throughout the year. The cold zone is the astronomical high latitude zone, in the latitude coil of 66 degrees 34 degrees north and south latitude, due to the oblique rays of sunlight, the sunlight and heat obtained are less than other zones, the climate is cold all year round called the cold zone, the cold zone ice field climate belongs to the polar long cold climate, distributed in the northern edge of the North American continent and the Eurasian continent, and has the characteristics of winter all year round.

Regional characteristics of boreal climatesThe characteristics of the cold climate are that it is severe all year round, there is no solar radiation in the polar night in the winter half of the year, and the sun does not set all day during the polar day in the summer half of the year, but the ice and snow reflectivity is strong, and the climate of the cold temperate zone is characterized by distinct temperature changes in the four seasons, and the temperature difference between winter and summer throughout the year is large, which can reach a temperature difference of 50 to 60 degrees, and the perennial snow cover.

Cold climate climate characteristics of severe cold throughout the year, dry polar climate is also known as cold climate, it is located in high latitudes, is the general name of all kinds of cold climate, Eurasia, North America and Antarctica are typical of this climate, polar climate includes ice field climate and tundra climate two types.

The boreal climate includes the boreal tundra climate and the boreal ice field climate. The tundra climate is found along the coast of the Arctic Ocean, the Eurasian continent and North America. The climate is characterized by long and cold winters, relatively warm summers, and relatively low annual precipitation.

The ice sheet climate is found on the Antarctic continent and Greenland in the northern hemisphere, as well as on some small islands in the Arctic Ocean, and is cold, dry and windy all year round.

The boreal climate is mainly distributed in the northern parts of the Eurasian and North American continents, with long cold winters and short warm summers.

The climatic characteristics of the cold zone are:The maximum solar altitude angle at noon in a year is only 46*52', and there are polar day and night phenomena. The north of the Arctic Circle is the boreal zone, and the south of the Antarctic Circle is the boreal zone.

The temperature in the cold zone is low, and the length of day and night varies the most, and there is no obvious change in the four seasons. The boreal zone covers 10% of the Earth's total area. The boreal zone is an astronomical zone of high latitudes, within the circle of latitudes 66 34 north and south.

Due to the oblique rays of sunlight, less sunlight and heat are obtained than in other zones, and the climate is cold all year round, which is called the cold zone.

Countries located in the cold zone:

1. Norway. Norway has a subarctic coniferous forest climate, the southern DU has a temperate oceanic climate, and Svalbard and Jan Mayen have a tundra climate. The average annual temperature in the capital is 7°C, and the annual precipitation is about 740 mm.

2. Finland. Finland has long and cold winters, mild and short summers, 1 3 of the country's land is within the Arctic Circle, and the rest has a temperate maritime climate. From south to north, the average temperature in January is about -4 -16°C; July temperature 16-13 ° C. Annual precipitation is about 400-600 mm.

3. Sweden. Sweden's area close to the ocean is affected by the warm Atlantic Current, and the winter is mild and rainy; The climate is mainly temperate continental, most of the area belongs to the subarctic coniferous forest climate, and the southernmost area belongs to the temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest climate. Average temperature in January: - 16°C in the north, south; The average temperature in July is in the north and south.

4. Russia.

Most of the region is in the north temperate zone and has a diverse climate, with a temperate continental climate as the main one, but the north of the Arctic Circle has a cold climate. The temperature varies widely, with an average temperature of -18°C -10°C in January and 11-27°C in July. The average annual precipitation is 150,1000 mm.

The Siberian region has long and harsh winters, but the summer has long sunshine hours and suitable temperature and humidity, which is conducive to the growth of coniferous forests.

5. Canada.

Due to the influence of westerly winds, Canada has a continental temperate coniferous forest climate in some areas. The temperature in the east is slightly cooler, the climate in the south is moderate, the climate in the west is mild and humid, and the climate in the north is tundra. The Arctic archipelago is cold all year round.

The highest temperature in the central and western regions reached more than 40°C, and the lowest temperature in the north was as low as -60°C.

Characteristics of cold climate: severe cold and dry throughout the year.

Polar climate, also known as cold climate, is located in high latitudes and is a general term for various cold climates. The regions of Eurasia, the northern part of the North American continent, and Antarctica are typical of this climate. Polar climates include two types: icefield climate and tundra climate.

The ice sheet climate is distributed on the Antarctic continent and some islands in the Arctic Ocean, which are cold all year round, and the ground is thick with ice and snow. The tundra climate is distributed in the northern margins of the Eurasian continent and the North American continent, where there is no winter and no summer, and the ground is covered with lower plants such as mosses and lichens. These two climate types have something in common:

It is cold all year round, especially in the icefield areas, which are covered in snow and ice almost all year round.

Basic characteristics: > polar ice sheet.

The cold climate of Antarctica and the Arctic Ocean, as well as the ocean and land that surrounds them. In the Northern Hemisphere, the northern boundary where trees grow can be used as the southern boundary of the polar climate. In most of the polar climate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, permafrost waters are surrounded by continents.

In winter, there is no solar radiation in the polar night. The sun does not set all day during the polar day in the summer half of the year, but the reflectivity of ice and snow is strong. The heat obtained from solar radiation is not enough to melt the snow and ice, so the summer temperature is still low.

It can be summed up in four words: severe cold all year round.

The boreal climate includes the boreal tundra climate and the boreal ice field climate. In general, the climate of the cold zone is cold all year round, and there is relatively little precipitation. There are no significant changes in the seasons throughout the year, and it can be said that it is winter all year round, with only a short period of relatively warm warm.

The ice sheet climate is colder than the sun, with less precipitation and more winds.