From which language and how long has Cantonese evolved?

Cantonese evolved from Tang Dynasty Chinese and retains many of the phonetics and vocabulary of Tang Dynasty Chinese. However, it is not excluded that some elements of the Baiyue language have been absorbed.

The earliest origin of Cantonese can be traced back to the Qin and Han dynasties, when the first batch of immigrants from the Central Plains lived together with Baiyue, forming the earliest Chinese dialect in Lingnan, which inevitably absorbed some minority language components. However, the large-scale migration of Han Chinese to Lingnan was during the Sui and Tang dynasties, when new immigrant groups brought strong Central Plains languages, and indigenous dialects were merged or replaced.

After the Song, Yuan, and Ming dynasties, the Chinese language in the Central Plains underwent great changes, and the Chinese dialects in the Lingnan region developed into today's Cantonese dialect of Chinese in relative isolation.

Today, the languages of the Zhuang, Li, Dong, Buyi, Shui, Maonan and Dai ethnic groups have evolved from the Baiyue language, but they have also absorbed a large number of Chinese vocabulary.

Cantonese dialect is a dialect that originated in the north of the Central Plains Yayan (the mother tongue of the Han nationality) and spread to the Liangguang region (Guangdong, Guangxi) in the Qin and Han dynasties and the local ancient Yue language, and is also a dominant dialect in Hong Kong and Macao, so it is called Cantonese or vernacular Guangzhou dialect evolved from ancient Chinese, and its formation and development have undergone a long-term process Before the Qin Dynasty, the ethnic minorities called "Nanyue" (a type of Baiyue) lived in Guangdong and Guangxi, including Zhuang, Yao, Li and Tanjia. Later Qin Shi Huang sent troops to defend Lingnan, which began the early integration of Chinese and Baiyue languages. However, some scholars believe that "the earliest source of the Cantonese dialect should be the result of the southward migration of the Chu people and the southward arrival of the Chu language" (Li Xinkui, "The Dialects of Guangdong").

From the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song dynasties, Han Chinese from the Central Plains continued to migrate to Lingnan, which promoted the development and stereotyping of the Cantonese language. Since the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, there has been little change in Cantonese.

Cantonese is a tonal language belonging to the Sino-Tibetan language family. In 2009, it was defined as a language by UNESCO and recognized as one of the five main languages used in daily life, second only to Mandarin, the official language of China. It is widely used in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macau and Southeast Asia, as well as in the Chinese community in North America, the United Kingdom and Australia.

Its name ** is derived from the ancient Chinese name for Lingnan "Yue" (Tong "Yue"). On July 5, 2010, the Guangzhou CPPCC held a meeting, and the Standing Committee of the CPPCC submitted a written proposal in a special report: in order to create a good language environment for the Guangzhou Asian Games, it is recommended that the comprehensive channel of Guangzhou TV station increase the broadcast time of Mandarin programs.

Since the proposal was put out in an online survey last month, it has aroused heated discussions in the community.

Cantonese evolved from Hakka (late Middle Chinese) and was about 600 years old at the end of the Song Dynasty.

At the end of the Song Dynasty, the Kaifeng Mansion of the late Middle Chinese moved to Zhuji Lane, Xiongnan.

Ancient Chinese combined with the Wuyue language (similar to Old Thai) gave birth to Middle Chinese, not Qin.

Middle Chinese variant Hakka: Ershi, don't eat, watch TV, Cantonese: You don't eat or eat, watch TV.

The origins of Cantonese are said to be Ya from the northern Central Plains and Chu from Chu State. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song dynasties, a steady stream of people from the Central Plains migrated to Lingnan, which promoted the development and stereotyping of the Cantonese language. Since the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, Yu Huizhao's Cantonese has changed slightly.

However, the linguist Mr. Li Xinkui believes that "the earliest source of Cantonese should be the result of the southward migration of the Chu people and the southward arrival of the Chu language", and the phonetic appearance of Cantonese today shows a phenomenon very close to the common language of Sui and Tang Chinese (Li Xinkui, "Dialects of Guangdong").

Qing Dynasty scholar Chen Li's "Guangzhou Yinshuo" discusses the characteristics and origin of the Guangzhou dialect, Chen Li believes that the tone of the Guangzhou dialect is in line with the Sui and Tang Dynasty rhymes, because "for more than a thousand years, the people of the Central Plains have migrated to Guangzhou, and the current Guangyin is the sound of the Central Plains in the Sui and Tang dynasties." The first official authoritative pronunciation and rhyme book in Chinese history, Guangyun (full name "The Great Song Dynasty Rebuilds Guangyun"), the pronunciation of the characters marked in it is highly consistent with today's Cantonese. Cantonese is one of the southern dialects that retains more Middle Chinese elements, and the most prominent feature is that it retains the common sound of Middle Chinese relatively completely.

It has a history of more than 2,200 years.

1. Definition of language.

Cantonese is a Chinese dialect originating in the Liangguang region (Guangdong and Guangxi), and it is also the mainstream language in Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao, so it is called Cantonese or vernacular.

Since ancient times, the mountains and rivers of the two provinces have been connected and the humanities have been connected.

For a long time, the two regions were inseparable, and it was not until the Song Dynasty that they were divided into Guangdong and Guangxi.

The formation of Cantonese was much earlier than the Song Dynasty, and it is precisely because of this that Cantonese was spoken in the Liangguang region.

When it comes to the birthplace of Cantonese, most experts in the authoritative academic community generally believe that it originated in Guangxin, Cangwu County (ancient Guangxin, that is, most of Wuzhou, Guangxi and a small part of Fengkai, Guangdong).

In ancient times, Cangwu County was located in the center of today's Liangguang territory, and its jurisdiction was equivalent to the three regions of Wuzhou, Zhaoqing and Hezhou.

There is the Guijiang River (Lishui) in the north, which connects to the Yangtze River through the Lingqu to the Xiangjiang River.

The Xijiang River, the main stream of the Pearl River, the mother river of Lingnan, which runs through the county seat, passes through Yinzhao.

Guangxin, the capital of this large area of South China, has a very important position! Faith.

Academically, Cantonese is not the same as a Cantonese dialect.

Cantonese refers to the Han language, which originated in the Xia Dynasty, that is, Cantonese.

However, many Cantonese speakers have moved from the north or neighboring Fujian, and many of them have been able to accept the local dialect of Cantonese after arriving in Guangdong.

However, since they are all outsiders, it is difficult to accept the local accent, and it is not easy to learn it accurately, so there are today's Cantonese regional pronunciation differences, but they are not much different from the standard Cantonese Cantonese dialect.

It is because of this that today's Cantonese was formed.

The Cantonese dialect refers to the dialects that are popular in Guangdong, including Hakka, Min (Teochew, Fulao, Leizhou, Li, Haihua), Mandarin, and some minority languages.

2. Cantonese positioning.

Guangdong, referred to as Guangdong.

And Cantonese is "the language spoken by the people who live in this place, so it is natural to be called 'Cantonese'."

This is only literal, but it cannot be said that it is wrong.

This is the same as the fact that "*number" was not invented by **people, but it is also called "number".

Because Cantonese sliding is popular in Guangdong Province and occupies a mainstream position, it is also called "Cantonese" scientifically.

In fact, in the Cantonese-speaking community, the folk name for this language is "vernacular", which is different from the classical Chinese used for reading at that time.

This is what ordinary people call the language they speak, and I think this is by far the most appropriate way to describe Cantonese.

It is probably an indisputable fact that Cantonese originated from ancient Chinese and absorbed part of the ancient Yue language.

As for whether Cantonese is a "language" or a "dialect", this is purely a question of division and political direction.

Cantonese has a history of more than 2,200 years since the Qin Dynasty.

Lü's Spring and Autumn. It is called "Baiyue" in it, "Nanyue" in "Historical Records", "Nanyue" in "Hanshu", and "Yue" and "Yue" are connected, also referred to as "Yue", which refers to the places around Lingnan. The ancestors of Guangdong lived, worked and multiplied on this land for a long time.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Central Plains was once again in a long civil war, and the north fell into the hands of foreigners for the first time. At that time, the mixture of Old Chinese and the previously formed Old Yue language further narrowed the difference between the Old Yue language and the Central Plains Chinese. This period was a period of growth for the Cantonese language.

The Qing Dynasty closed itself off, leaving only Guangzhou as a port of conduct with other countries, and many foreigners came to China to master Cantonese rather than Mandarin. Many Beijing officials also often came into contact with Cantonese in order to do business with foreigners, which made Cantonese spread to the Central Plains for the first time.

Let's keep it simple.

Cantonese was formed in the Qin Dynasty, when 500,000 Qin soldiers went south and brought the Guanzhong dialect of the Qin Dynasty, but in the later development of history, the population of Lingnan increased by 6 times only in the Northern Song Dynasty, so although Cantonese was formed in the Qin Dynasty, it did not retain much of the pronunciation of the Qin Dynasty, and more sounds were only retained from the accent of the Han people in the Central Plains of the Northern Song Dynasty, which was caused by the replacement of the "Qin sound" of Lingnan by the Central Plains accent of the previous dynasties. Therefore, the rhyme effect of reading Tang and Song poems in Cantonese is very good, much better than that of Mandarin.

The history of Mandarin dates back to the mid-to-late Qing Dynasty at most, and in ancient times, the pronunciation of characters in today's Beijing did not exist.

Tang Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling opened Zhuji Lane, speaking late Middle Chinese (a kind of Hakka) in the late Song Dynasty Zhuji Lane Kaifeng Chen to Zhuji Lane, is the ancestor of the Hakka Zhuji Lane Chen, Yuan, Ming and Qing Wuzhou and other places Hakka dialect evolved into Cantonese, so the Cantonese Chen was born.

Ancient Chinese is a fusion of the Dong and Tai language groups Wu language to Middle Chinese, early Middle Chinese to Min language, late Middle Chinese to Wu language, Cantonese, Mandarin and so on.

The Qin and Han dynasties spoke ancient Chinese.

The originators of Cantonese are the generations of people who have lived here, and they have developed their own language and culture.

There is no originator of Cantonese, just the language that everyone in their land spreads.

The originator of Cantonese should have been the first person to speak Cantonese, but he probably didn't leave his name.

The originator of Cantonese was the influence of the culture at that time, and the language of Cantonese was slowly formed.

There is no ancestor of Cantonese, but people in this area speak Cantonese.

The originator of Cantonese is actually the people who have always lived in this land.

It's just that the people in that place have spoken like this since ancient times, and there is no originator.

No one knows about this. Who invented this language may have been accidental.

It's like English and noon, and you don't know who said it first.

Since Cantonese is spoken in Guangdong, many people call it "Cantonese" or "Cantonese", but this statement is incorrect.

This has to start with the scope of Cantonese use, which is limited to the area of Huidong County, which extends to Huizhou City in the east, and to Cham in the west.

The Jiang area is only the range of the Shaoguan area in the north. And the people in the east of Huidong County speak Hakka, and the Chaoshan area speaks Chaoshan dialect, because Shenzhen is an immigrant city, although it is adjacent to Hong Kong, it mainly speaks Mandarin, and in several counties and cities in the north close to Hunan and Jiangxi, people also speak a dialect similar to Hakka, and many people do not know from Guangxi Wu.

From the state to Guiping, to the south to the Beihai area, (in recent years, there have been many immigrants in Nanning, mainly speaking Mandarin, but the suburbs still mainly speak Cantonese) People speak Cantonese. At this point, it can be shown that it is not reasonable to refer to Cantonese as Cantonese, in fact, among the Cantonese speaking group, people call it "vernacular", which is of course different from the classical Chinese used for reading. So the "vernacular" is.

By far the most appropriate term for Cantonese. So, isn't it more reasonable to call Cantonese Cantonese? This is what most people are taking at the moment.

However, according to the origin of Cantonese history, it is concluded that Cantonese is not ** in Guangzhou, and Foshan has a longer history according to the history of urban development.

In Guangzhou, there was Foshan before there was Guangzhou City, and Guangzhou was still called Panyu at that time. And the history of Duanzhou (now Zhaoqing City) is not later than Foshan.

Therefore, to say that Cantonese originated in Guangzhou is tantamount to reversing the order of history, and it is only because of Guangzhou's rapid development and huge influence that it continues to be carried forward.

It's just big, but now I feel that the influence of Cantonese in Hong Kong is gradually surpassing that of Guangzhou, and it is mixed with the tone of Westerner English.

People who don't know Cantonese often can't tell the difference between Cantonese and Cantonese, thinking that they are the same, but in fact, there are accent differences between the two, and believe in others.

Language people will know that because of regional differences, there will be certain differences in the accent of the language. In the Pearl River Delta area near Guangzhou, there is no Cantonese accent.

What is the difference, but out of this area, the difference is gradually obvious, such as Maoming, western Guangdong, Zhanjiang people say "I meet" as "I."

Hong Kong people don't seem to be able to pronounce the n sound, and like to pronounce "you" and "ni" as "li" and "li"; "Nan" and "nan" are pronounced as "lan" and "blue".

In Guangxi, there is a big difference between Cantonese, especially in Beihai, and it is said that many Cantonese people in Guangzhou cannot understand Cantonese in Beihai, but in Wu.

The Cantonese language in the Zhou area is very close to the Cantonese dialect, but there are still some accents that are different, such as Wuzhou saying "Guo Li" instead of "Guo 嚟".

One point proves that Cantonese is in Zhaoqing and not Guangzhou.

Cantonese (Cantonese pinyin: jyut6 jyu5; Cantonese), also known as Cantonese and Cantonese, commonly known as vernacular, and Tang dialect overseas, is a tonal language of the Sino-Tibetan Chinese family, one of the seven major dialects of China, and the mother tongue of the Cantonese people of the Han nationality.

Cantonese originated from the ancient Central Plains dialect and has a complete nine tones and six tones, which perfectly retains the characteristics of ancient Chinese. Cantonese is widely spoken in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Macau, North America, the United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Christmas Island, and Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and other Chinese communities in Southeast Asia.