When was the Kingdom of Loulan founded and when did it perish?

Is Loulan dead? No way. Just withdraw from the stage of history.

There is no clear answer from the official history. We can only guess that plagues and wars are possible. /。

Because there were many foreigners who came to settle in the desert at that time, because no one knew, so they developed quickly, and later because they were discovered by the Western Han Dynasty, so the Western Han Dynasty attacked them and perished.

Originally, the emperor was very powerful, so he rose. It was because the emperor did not act and only cared about pleasure, and the Tang Dynasty wanted to obtain their treasures, so they attacked them. And then they perished.

The ancient kingdom of Loulan arose in the Western Han Dynasty, when they were able to adapt to the desert environment, but later because the desert environment gradually deteriorated, leading to man-made deaths caused by the natural environment.

Mainly because of the destruction of the ecological environment, the ancient kingdom of Loulan perished.

Loulan is one of the richer countries in the Western Regions, and the people living in the ancient country of Loulan mainly rely on the Lop Nur River to survive, but the Loulan people do not think about their own living environment, and cut down a large number of trees at will to build the ancient city of Loulan, which also makes the original fragile ecological environment deteriorate again, although the Loulan people already knew that the end was coming, but they still did not repent.

Continue to cut down a large number of trees that have been very scarce, so that the local environment has deteriorated even worse, which also led to the jungle gradually turned into a desert, when the Loulan people built more than 100,000 square meters of Loulan ancient city near Lop Nur, they cut down many trees and reeds, which will undoubtedly have a negative effect on the environment, so the reason for the disappearance of the ancient country of Loulan is the drying up of the Lop Nur River.

As a result, scientists put forward the "river diversion theory". Due to the diversion of the Tarim River to the south and the flow into the Taitma Lake, only the water of the Peacock River flows into Lop Nur, and the amount of water is greatly reduced, causing the Lop Nur to gradually shrink and dry up.

There are several possibilities.

1. The war destroyed the city of Loulan.

As an important land, the Xiongnu, Tubo, Yueshi and other countries ruled Loulan in history. In the many cemeteries around Loulan City, it can be seen that different races were buried in the cemeteries of the same period in the same area. It is possible that after Loulan was occupied, the occupiers carried out a massacre of the city and then evacuated, so Loulan was slowly annihilated by the wind and sand.

2. Climate change has led to tragedy.

There are two kinds of-for-tat speculations, one is that Loulan was destroyed by drought, and the other is that Loulan was destroyed by floods. Those who hold the former view believe that Loulan was a necessary place on the Silk Road, and that the Han, Xiongnu and other nomadic states often provoked wars on the territory of Loulan, causing serious damage to water conservancy facilities and vegetation, and after the 3rd century AD, the riverbed of the lower reaches of the Tarim River, which flows into Lop Nur, was silted up by wind and sand.

3. The earth's crust is sinking.

The destruction of Loulan City may be that Lop Nur raised the lake water during a certain period of time, resulting in the water level **, spreading to the west of Loulan City, and at the same time Loulan City and the surrounding crust sinking, and the downstream of rivers such as the Peacock River and the Tarim River were injected into Loulan City, resulting in the destruction of the ancient city of Loulan.

The ancient kingdom of Loulan is a small country on the ancient Silk Road, located in the west of Lop Nur, at the hub of the Western Regions, the scope of the kingdom from the vicinity of Guyangguan in the east, to the ancient city of Niya in the west, to the Altun Mountain in the south, and to Hami in the north. It occupies an extremely important position on the ancient Silk Road. Today, only the remains of ruins remain.

Loulan is a small country in the western part of ancient China, one of the 36 countries in the Western Regions. It passes through the southwest and the end, the exquisite, the detained, the Khotan, the north through the car division, the northwest through Yanqi, the east when the white dragon pile, through Dunhuang, is the key point of the Silk Road.

The ancient kingdom of Loulan was founded before 176 B.C., but suddenly and mysteriously disappeared in 630 A.D., with a history of more than 800 years.

The Han Dynasty was dying due to lack of water.

2,000 years ago, it was an important transportation hub on the Silk Road that connected north to south and east to west. China's ancient western region was the most prosperous in opening up to the outside world. The inhabitants also grow wheat and raise cattle and sheep. Their daily necessities are poplar wood, animal horns, and straw products.

Why did this illustrious ancient ** disappear without a trace in a very short period of time? What's hidden here?

In the process of Loulan's destruction, the destruction of the ecological environment played a role that could not be ignored. Loulan was once a vibrant oasis with a network of rivers. However, the huge "Sun Tomb" laid a hidden danger for the destruction of Loulan.

The "Tomb of the Sun" has a peculiar and spectacular appearance, and the tomb is surrounded by seven layers of thin and thick logs. The stakes are from the inside out, and the thickness is orderly. Outside the circle, there are rows of trees on all sides in a radial shape, which are not chaotic, magnificent, and the whole shape resembles a sun, which is easy to make people have all kinds of mysterious associations.

The prevalence of the "Sun Tomb" and the felling of a large number of trees made the Loulan people unknowingly bury their homes. According to the seven tombs that have been discovered, there are more than 10,000 logs, which is a staggering number.

The destruction of the ecology cannot be attributed only to the "tomb of the sun", and the combined power of various factors will inevitably lead to ecological imbalance. Loulan is located inland, the climate is dry, and over time, the original grassy oasis can no longer retain a piece of green. In the unearthed Chinese slips, we can learn about the reduction of the rations of the soldiers in Loulan, which reflects the difficulties after the deterioration of the environment in Loulan.

In addition, it is entirely possible that the war will directly lead to the demise of the ancient kingdom of Loulan. Before the maritime era, there was only one long "Silk Road" between the East and the West. The countries along the "Silk Road", especially Shanshan in the south of the Tarim, became important targets of plunder by the surrounding powers.

Driven by human interests, it is also an important force that leads to environmental change. In the 4th century AD, Loulan gradually fell into disuse. The main reasons for this are:

After the 4th century AD, the ancient road from Dunhuang to the Western Regions has been greatly developed, in addition to passing through Yizhou (now Hami), there is also a new development, more convenient traffic of the sea road. The change of transportation routes immediately caused Loulan to lose its position on the Silk Road.

The reason for the disappearance of the ancient kingdom of Loulan Lop Nur was once the largest lake in the arid region of northwest China, with a lake surface of 12,000 square kilometers, and still reached 500 square kilometers at the beginning of the last century, when the Loulan people built more than 100,000 square meters of Loulan ancient city by Lop Nur, but by 1972, it eventually dried up. What caused Lop Nur, which was once rich in water and fish, to become a vast desert? What was the reason why the ancient city of Loulan became an inaccessible desert Gobi?

This has always been a scientific mystery.

Recently, the Lop Nur Environmental Drilling Scientific Expedition Team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a comprehensive and systematic environmental science investigation of Lop Nur. According to the expedition team, with the rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 7 to 80,000 years ago, Lop Nur migrated from south to north, and the aridification gradually intensified, and finally caused the entire lake to dry up.

Such an explanation is obviously not satisfactory, and Professor Zhou Kunshu of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences believes that the reasons for the drying up of Lop Nur are complex. This is a global and regional problem, and there are not only natural reasons, but also human factors.

Wang Changling's poems are written about history, and it does not mean that he wants to break the Loulan ......If you write a copy of the Ming Dynasty**, there is also the Ryukyu Kingdom in it, the same reason.

The Kingdom of Loulan, also known as Shanshan, was destroyed by the Northern Wei Dynasty in 448 AD.

Loulan changed to Shanshan and was destroyed by the Northern Wei Dynasty.