Composition of prokaryotic RNA polymerase holoenzyme and the function of individual subunits

RNA polymerase: An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from nucleoside-5-triphosphate using a strand or RNA as a template. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA using DNA as a template, ribonucleoside triphosphate as a substrate, and polymerization through phosphodiester bonds.

Because it is related to the transcription of genetic information of gene DNA into RNA in cells, it is also called transcriptase.

RNA polymerase holoenzyme form is 2' with a total of 5 subunits.

The subunit is associated with the formation of the tetrameric core of RNA polymerase (2';

The subunit contains binding sites for nucleoside triphosphates;

The subunit contains binding sites to the DNA template;

Factors are only related to the initiation of RNA transcription, not to the extension of the strand, once transcription begins, the δ factor is released, and the extension of the strand is determined by the tetrameric core enzyme (core).

enzyme). Therefore, the role of the δ factor is to recognize the start of transcription and bind the RNA polymerase to the promoter site.

then between -33 and 27 nucleotides and -27 to 21 nucleotides. RNA polymerase is present in the nucleolus and has very little transcription.

RNA polymerase, several genes, such as tRNA genes, such as 5srRNA genes. The "tata" box mentioned above is also known as Goldberg

hogness order. Typically 7 nucleotides. The structure in prokaryotes, which is also similar to the "Tata" box, is the contact point of RNA polymerase, which is unique to the transcription unit of this enzyme, and requires a "Tata" box to transcribe most genes, transcribe the RNA sequence, and have a "Tata" box.

For example, the transcription start point is the polymerase present in the nucleoplasm. It has an AT-rich sequence between 20 and 30 nucleotides upstream of the transcription origin on the 5' end side of the eukaryotic transcription gene. RNA polymerase is present in the nucleoplasm.

Some repeat sequences, such as the ALU sequence, may also be transcribed by this enzyme RNA polymerase into three categories.

Eukaryotes have three different nuclear RNA polymerases, namely RNA polymerase I (RNA pol I), RNA polymerase (RNA pol II) and RNA polymerase (RNA pol lli).

1. RNA polymerase I synthesizes ribosomal RNA (RRNA) precursors for 45s, and when matured, it will become 28s, 18s and ribosomal RNA, which is the main RNA part of ribosomes in the future.

2. RNA polymerase synthesizes messenger RNA (mRNA) precursors and most of the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and microRNA (microRNA). Because it requires multiple transcription factors to bind to promoters during transcription, it is the most studied species at present.

3. RNA polymerase synthesizes transporter RNA (tRNAs), rRNA 5S and other fine RNAs that can be found in the nucleus and the rest of the original life.

The prokaryotic DNA-directed RNA polymerase is composed of several sensitive branch subunits, and its core enzyme is composed of:

a.α2ββ'

b.α2β'σ

c.α2β'Sue Na Huai

d.ασe.αβ2σ

Correct Answer: a

The composition of the prokaryotic biological RNA polymerase is ()aα2ββ’

b.α2β’σ

c.α2ββ’

d.α2ββρ

e.α2ββ’

Correct Answer: a

The role is to transcribe RNA, and for different kinds of RNA, eukaryotes use different RNA polymerases to synthesize. RNA polymerase I (RNAPOLI, RNAPI or RNAPOLA) is responsible for transcribing RNA, but slippage does not include 5 SRNA.

rnapii is responsible for mRNA, most of the LNcrRNA and snRNA, and some microRNAs; RNAPIII is responsible for smaller RNAs such as tRNA, 5SRRNA, U6SNRNA, and some microRNAs.

RNA polymerase is used to transcribe RNA

The RNA of eukaryotes is divided into three categories. RNA polymerase is present in the nucleolus and transcribes the RNA sequence. RNA polymerase is present in the nucleoplasm and transcribes most genes and requires a "tata" frame.

RNA polymerase is present in the nucleoplasm and few genes like tRNA genes like 5srRNA genes are transcribed.