Why does water increase in volume when it turns into ice?

In general, objects obey thermal expansion and contraction, that is, for the same object, "the density of the solid should be greater than that of the liquid", but the opposite is true for water, and this reason involves chemistry.

Since water molecules are highly polar molecules, they can be combined into associative molecules (groups of water molecules combined) by hydrogen bonding. Liquid water, in addition to simple water molecules (H2O), also contains association molecules, the most typical two are (H2O)2 and (H2O)3, the former is called bimolecular association water molecule. The density of a substance is determined by the average spacing of molecules within a substance.

When the temperature is 0 when the water is not frozen, most of the water molecules exist as (H2O)3 association molecules, and when the temperature rises, the water molecules mostly exist in the form of bimolecular association water molecules (in the process of water temperature rising from 0 to 4, the effect of increasing water density caused by the breaking of hydrogen bonds of associated water molecules is greater than the decrease of water density caused by the acceleration of molecular thermal movement, so in this process, the density of water increases with the increase of temperature. ), the molecules occupy a relatively small space, and the density of water is at its highest. If the temperature continues to rise above this, the law of thermal expansion and cold contraction of general matter will prevail.

When the water temperature drops to 0, the water freezes, and when the water freezes, almost all the molecules are associated together to become a huge association molecule, and the arrangement of water molecules in the ice is that each oxygen atom has four hydrogen atoms as close neighbors (two covalent bonds, two hydrogen bonds), so this arrangement leads to an open structure, that is to say, there are large voids in the structure of the ice, so the density of the ice is inversely smaller than that of water at the same temperature.

Why does water get bigger when it freezes? It's not easy for people to know.

Here's why:

When water freezes, it increases in volume because of the water molecules in liquid water.

There is a strong hydrogen bonding force between them, so the volume is smaller. After the water condenses into ice, due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

action, which is highly oriented (similar to diamond.

of the tetrahedron.

Structural arrangement. Compared with liquid water, which is chaotic with clusters of molecules, it has a lower space utilization, so the density is smaller, and the volume is larger at the same mass.

Characteristics of ice

Ice is the solid form of water in nature, and the temperature is above zero degrees Celsius under atmospheric pressure.

, the ice will begin to melt and turn into liquid water. A Japanese research team found that when ice begins to melt, a water molecule in the crystal begins to decrystallize as a trigger, and the related mechanism helps to understand the mechanism of structural changes in water-containing proteins.

Ice is a colorless and transparent solid, the molecules mainly rely on hydrogen bonding, and the lattice structure is generally hexagonal, but there can be other lattice structures according to different pressures; The density is less than that of water.

When a glass of water freezes, the volume increases by one-eleventh, which is 12 11, that is, 11 parts of water form 12 parts of ice.

Now turning 12 parts ice into 11 parts water is equivalent to a twelfth reduction.

It is possible to use less parts of water than ice, i.e. 1 12 = 1/12.

Answer: If the volume of water increases by one-eleventh after it freezes, then the volume of ice will decrease by one-twelfth after it turns into water.

Hello! The density of water is 1

The density of the ice is.

That is, if there is 90 g of water, it occupies 90 ml of volume. When it becomes ice, the weight remains the same as 90g, and the volume becomes 90

That's about 11 per cent

Solution: If the ice is x, then after it turns into water, it increases after the water freezes (except for one-ninth.)

When the water freezes, the movement of the water molecules can not break the hydrogen bonds, the hydrogen bonds play a major role, it takes the water molecules to form a regular spatial structure, in a crystal lattice, four hydrogen atoms are at the apex of the regular tetrahedron, and an oxygen atom is located in the center of the tetrahedron, so that the intermolecular void becomes larger and remains constant, so the volume becomes larger when the water freezes.

In the water, the molecular movement can not only destroy the hydrogen bond bonding between the water molecules, but also do not make the molecules move violently, resulting in frequent collisions between the molecules, and the molecules can slide relative to each other and interleave, so that they will fill the gaps with each other, so that the volume becomes larger.

When the water freezes, the movement of the water molecules cannot break the hydrogen bonds, the hydrogen bonds play a major role, it ties the water molecules together to form a regular spatial structure structure, in a crystal lattice, four hydrogen atoms are at the apex of the regular tetrahedron, and one oxygen atom is in the center of the tetrahedron In this way, the space between the molecules becomes larger and remains constant, so the volume becomes larger when the water freezes.

In the water, the molecular movement can not only destroy the hydrogen bond bonding between the water molecules, but also do not make the molecules move violently, resulting in frequent collisions between the molecules, and the molecules can slide relative to each other and interleave, so that they will fill the gaps with each other, so that the volume becomes larger.

The reason why water becomes ice and becomes larger is that there is a strong hydrogen bonding force between the water molecules in liquid water. The oxygen atom has a negative charge and the hydrogen atom has a positive charge, so the water molecules tend to stick together to form so-called hydrogen bonds.

It is precisely because of this strongly bound "hydrogen bonding" that water exhibits very "soft" properties, and because of the shape of the water molecules, the way in which the water molecules tend to join together in the liquid state is to form a very open structure with large holes and slips. This means that there is a lot of extra space.

Water is liquid, and the large holes between the water molecules are in a disordered shape; When the water freezes, the molecules automatically enter the most stable state, maintaining their overall form with minimal vibration activity, and the structure of multiple hydrogen bonds expands to the most stable shape.