What are the similarities and differences in the properties of different liquids?

Solid Liquids and Gases.

Work unit: Luanxian Xiangtang Town, Li Xingzhuang Xiasi Primary School.

Name: Wu Nan.

Teaching content: Solids, Liquids and Gases

Lesson Arrangement 1 Lesson Target Teaching Target Primary 4 Students Teaching.

Objective 1: Be able to correctly classify common objects or substances around you.

2. Be able to correctly use appropriate tools to measure the mass or volume of a certain object.

3. It can summarize the physical characteristics of solids, liquids and gases.

4. Be able to design more than two methods to measure the volume of irregularly shaped objects.

Teaching Focus Instruct students to understand the three common states of matter through observation, experimentation, comparison, classification and other methods.

Teaching Difficulties Instruct students through observation, experimentation, comparison, classification and other methods to ** the three common states of matter.

Teaching aids Learning aids Paper, wooden blocks, cotton balls, erasers, hard plastics, millet, beans, sand, scales. Board book.

Design solids, liquids and gases.

Solid: shaped, volume, (stone and wood).

Liquids: shapeless, volumetric, (water and alcohol).

Gases: shapeless, volumeless (air and water vapor).

Teaching Procedures Teacher-Directed Student Activities.

Introducing new lessons 1. New knowledge.

a) Study the main properties of solids.

b) Study the main properties of liquids.

In life, we can often see objects in different states. Let's classify the objects in the image above and the other objects associated with it.

1.What material is each object made of? What is it used for?

2.Do all solids have a certain shape and volume?

3.What are the same and different properties of different solids?

4.After mixing beans, millet, sand, etc., how do you separate them? Give it a try, students!

1. What are the similarities and differences in the properties of different liquids?

2.What happens when different liquids are mixed?

Students discuss and categorize.

1.Several solids are selected to study their properties. And record the results in **.

2.Group discussions, whole-class communication.

Communicate the methods and reasons for separating objects with your classmates.

Group discussion and exchange.

Teaching Procedures Teacher-Directed Student Activities.

iii) Compare the properties of solids, liquids and gases.

3. Summary of the class.

Fourth, assign homework.

1.What are the similarities and differences in the properties of solids, gases, and liquids?

2.How do you distinguish between solids, gases, and liquids?

3.How many ways can you measure the volume of an irregular stone?

What did you learn from this lesson?

Students summarize the properties of solids, liquids and gases by themselves.

Panel discussion and networking.

Breakout Session 1Breakout sessions.

2.Communicate the measurement methods and results of this group with your classmates.

1.Classmates discuss and communicate.

Write your homework in your workbook at the end of class.

The density is different, and they are all fluids.

The main characteristics of liquids are fluidity and difficulty in compressibility. The former means that it is not shear resistant, that is, the shear modulus in the liquid is zero. The latter feature is the same as that of solids, i.e., it has a high bulk elastic modulus.

Viscosity is the main parameter that describes the fluidity of a liquid, with high viscosity and poor fluidity. Liquids have obvious energy dissipation characteristics accompanied by relaxation behavior, which is also related to their non-shear resistance characteristics. Of course, a system with energy dissipation characteristics is not necessarily a liquid.

If you were to use a parameter to describe the difference between a liquid and a solid, I think it would probably be best to use the shear modulus. Although the viscosity reaches a certain value (e.g., the system undergoes a glass transition at a viscosity value of 1012pa-s) and behaves as a solid, viscosity is not suitable for crystals. So characterization with viscosity does not seem appropriate.

Solids have a fixed shape and a certain volume, and molecules (or atoms, ions) vibrate in a fixed equilibrium position, such as most metals and some non-metals, and some ionic compounds are solids. Liquids do not have a definite shape and have fluidity but have a certain volume.

I hope I can help you with your doubts.

1. The solid has a certain shape, and the liquid is amorphous.

2. The distance between solid molecules is shorter, the bond is firmer, and it is not easy to separate; Liquids are more spaced between molecules, loosely bound and easier to separate.

3. Due to the second reason, solids are not easy to vaporize (molecules are not easy to escape), and liquids are easy to vaporize (molecules are easy to escape).

4. Due to the first reason, solids have no fluidity, and liquids have fluidity.

The properties of liquids are between solid and gaseous. On the one hand, liquids have a certain volume like solids and are not easily compressed; On the other hand, liquids, like gases, do not have a fixed shape and liquids are fluid. The arrangement of liquid molecules is characterized by long-range disorder and short-range ordering.

Liquids are one of the three major forms of matter. It does not have a definite shape and is often influenced by the container. However, its volume is fixed under constant pressure and temperature.

In addition, the pressure exerted by the liquid on the edge of the container is different from that of other states. The pressure of the liquid is transmitted in all directions, not only does not decrease but increases along with the depth, which is the reason why the deeper the water, the greater the water pressure.

Liquids do not have a definite shape, are fluid, and are often influenced by containers. What is the shape of the container, inject the liquid, and the liquid will take on the shape; Liquid has a certain volume, and the volume of liquid is fixed in an environment where pressure and temperature are constant; It is difficult for liquids to be compressed into a smaller volume of substance.

On the one hand, it has a certain volume like a solid and is not easy to compress; On the other hand, like a gas, it does not have a certain shape, is fluid, and is isotropic in physical properties.

Liquid is one of the three major forms of matter. It does not have a definite shape and is often influenced by the container. However, its volume is fixed under constant pressure and temperature.

The distance between the molecules of the liquid is farther, the molecular motion is more intense, and the attraction between the molecules is less. Increasing or depressurizing generally vaporizes the liquid into a gas.

Liquids are one of the three major forms of matter. It is not a definite shape and is often affected by the container. What is the shape of the container, inject the liquid, and the liquid will take on the shape;

However, its volume is fixed under constant pressure and temperature. In addition, the liquid exerts pressure on the sides of the container in the same way as any other state of matter. This pressure is transmitted in all directions, not decreasing, but increasing along with the depth (which is why the deeper the water fails, the greater the water pressure).

Heating or decompression generally vaporizes a liquid into a gas, such as heating water into water vapor. Pressurization or cooling generally causes a liquid to solidify and become a solid, such as cooling water into ice. However, pressurization alone does not liquefy all gases such as oxygen, hydrogen, helium, etc.

The properties of a liquid are between a solid and a gas, on the one hand, it has a certain volume like a solid and is not easily compressed; On the other hand, like a gas, it does not have a certain shape, is fluid, and is isotropic in physical properties.

The biggest feature of liquid molecular arrangement is long-range disorder and short-range ordering, that is, firstly, liquid molecules are regularly arranged in a small area (the same order of magnitude as the distance from the molecule) in a short period of time, which is called short-range order; Secondly, the tiny regions in the liquid that can be approximately arranged regularly are temporarily formed by the molecules, and their boundaries and sizes change at any time, and the orientation of these tiny regions to each other is completely disordered, which is manifested as remote disorder. Therefore, the physical properties of liquids are isotropic on a macroscopic scale.

The distance between the molecules of the liquid is small, the interaction force is strong, and the thermal motion of the molecule is mainly manifested as a small vibration near the equilibrium position, but its equilibrium position is constantly changing, so the macroscopic manifestation is that the liquid has fluidity.

Surface properties of liquids: (1) surface tension; (2) Under the action of surface tension, the liquid surface has a tendency to shrink to a minimum.

The specific gravity of a liquid is the ratio of the density of the substance (in a fully compacted state) to the density (kilograms and cubic meters) in pure water at standard atmospheric pressure.

The specific gravity of a liquid or solid illustrates whether they sink or float in another fluid. The specific gravity is dimensionless, that is, the specific gravity is a unitless value, which generally varies with temperature and pressure.

Liquids all have the same characteristicsCompared with liquids, the similarity is that both have a certain volume that is not easy to compress, the difference is that solids have a certain shape but no fluidity, while liquids have no certain shape but fluidity, solids have a certain shape but no fluidity, and liquids have no certain shape but fluidity.

The difference is that the former has a fixed form, the latter does not (metallic mercury is in a liquid state) and is denser than the latter.

The similarity between solids and liquids is that they both have a certain volume and are not easily compressed.

Solid molecules only vibrate in the equilibrium position, the molecular spacing is very small, the force between the sub-contours is very large, and the solid maintains a certain shape and a certain volume, and is not easy to be compressed.

The liquid molecules vibrate in the equilibrium position for a period of time, and then move to other positions to vibrate, the molecular spacing is larger than that of the solid state, the intermolecular force is smaller than that of the solid state, and the liquid maintains a certain volume of liquid Sakura, but it does not have a certain shape, and it is easy to be compressed.

Differences: The liquid has no fixed shape and will change with the change of the container; Liquids can also flow.

Solids have a fixed shape and do not change with the change of the container; Solids also don't flow.

Similarities: Each liquid or solid has its own composition, and as long as the substance is determined, the composition is determined; And they're hard to compress.