What does fund and bond mean, what does fund bond mean

There are broad and narrow senses, and in a broad sense, it refers to a certain amount of funds that are set up for a certain purpose. For example, trust investment**, unit trust**, provident fund, insurance**, retirement**, all kinds of **will**. In the existing market, both closed and open-ended, with profitable features and value-added potential.

From an accounting perspective, ** is a narrow concept that refers to funds with a specific purpose and use. Because the investors of ** and public institutions do not require investment returns and investment returns, but require the funds to be used for specified purposes in accordance with the law or the wishes of the investors, and ** is formed.

Bonds are certificates of creditor's rights and debts issued to investors when financial institutions, industrial and commercial enterprises, etc., directly borrow from the society to raise funds, and promise to pay interest at a certain interest rate and repay the principal according to the agreed conditions. The essence of a bond is a certificate of debt. The bond issuer is the debtor and the investor (bondholder) is the creditor.

A bond is a valuable one**. Since the interest rate on a bond is usually determined in advance, a bond is a type of fixed interest rate (fixed rate). In countries and regions with developed financial markets, bonds can be listed and circulated.

In China, the more typical ** bonds are treasury bills. Inappropriate speculation on bonds, such as short selling, can lead to turmoil in financial markets.

Bonds are issued by the state, ** or companies to raise funds, buy bonds, after the maturity of the bond you get a fixed principal and interest, equivalent to you lent money to the issuer.

**You hand over the money to the company, and the company will invest the money in **, bonds and other projects for you by professional personnel, and give you dividends for a certain period of time, and the amount of income is not necessarily positive or negative.

Operational advantages of spot **:

1. Investment amount: more or less, large capital leverage;

2. Investment period: 24 hours a day trading, T+0, can be sold on the same day;

3. Return on investment: You can go long and short, there are income opportunities up and down, and the risk is smaller than that of foreign exchange and ** (you can make money up and down).

4. Simple transaction and fast realization: instant transaction, 100% transaction;

5. Flexibility: two-way time-limited trading, more profit opportunities;

6. Influencing factors: the global market, with huge trading volume, is not controlled by large investors.

1. Bonds**.

Also known as bond type, it refers to the investment in bonds, which concentrates the funds of many investors to invest in bonds in a portfolio to seek more stable income.

2. Bonds are issued to investors when financial institutions, industrial and commercial enterprises and other institutions directly borrow from the society to raise funds, and promise to pay interest at a certain interest rate and repay the principal according to the agreed conditions.

3. According to the classification standards of the China Securities Regulatory Commission for the first category, more than 80% of the assets invested in bonds are buried in the bonds. Bonds can also have a small portion of the money invested in the market.

In addition, investing in convertible bonds and new shares is also an important channel for bonds** to obtain income.

4. In China, the investment objects of bonds are mainly treasury bonds, financial bonds and corporate bonds. Usually, bonds provide investors with a fixed return and repayment of principal at maturity, and the risk is lower than **, so it is relatively ****.

Bonds** have the characteristics of stable returns and low risk.

Extended information: 1. The currency type is an open-ended.

Invest in the money market, mainly invest in bonds, central bank bills, repurchase and other short-term financial products with high security; Bonds** are specialized in investing in bonds**, mainly treasury bonds, financial bonds and corporate bonds.

2. Currency**.

The yield is only higher than the bank's fixed deposit rate.

However, there is no interest tax, and it can be redeemed at any time, and the funds can generally be received on the second day of the redemption application. Therefore, currency** is very suitable for units and individuals who pursue low risk, high liquidity, and stable income. Both products have their own merits.

3. As the king of cash management, currency has high security, high liquidity, and stable returns, similar to "quasi-savings", and always blooms its investment charm without revealing mountains and waters. According to the Galaxy ****.

According to the research center, as of July 29, 2014, the average return of 49 A-rated currencies** since 2014 was.

Bonds reflect the trust relationship between investors and managers, while bonds reflect a creditor-debt relationship.

Bonds** are trust instruments, and the main investment direction is bonds and other valuable **, which is an indirect investment method; Bonds, on the other hand, are financing instruments, which are mainly invested in the industry and are a direct investment method.

When an investor buys a single bond, the starting rate of return can be calculated based on the purchase**, fixed interest rate, cash flow and principal after maturity. However, bonds** are a combination of different bonds, although investors also receive regular income distributions, but the income of the distribution rises and falls, so the yield is more difficult to calculate and**.

Generally, a single bond has a definite maturity date, and a bond** consists of a group of bonds with different maturity dates, so there is no fixed maturity date for bonds**, and an average maturity date can only be calculated based on all bonds held by bonds**.

Interest rate risk: The closer a single bond is to maturity, the less interest rate risk it will take. However, bonds** do not have a fixed maturity date, and the interest rate risk taken is estimated based on the average maturity date of the bond, because the average maturity date of the bond** is usually relatively fixed, so the interest rate risk borne by the bond** will also remain at a certain level.

Bonds** have the following features:

Low risk, low return. Due to the stable yield and low risk of bonds, the risk of bonds is low but the rate of return is not high.

The cost is lower. Since bond investment management is not as complex as investment management, the management fee of bonds is also relatively low.

The income is stable, and the investment in bonds has regular interest returns, and the principal is also promised to be repaid at maturity, so the income of bonds** is relatively stable.

Pay attention to current earnings. Bonds** mainly pursue a more fixed income in the current period. Relative to the lack of value-added potential, it is more suitable for investors who are unwilling to take too many risks and seek stable income in the current period.

What is the difference between bonds and **? Bonds and ** are not the same in terms of issuers, nature, risks, profits and trading venues. The issuer of bonds and ** is different, bonds are issued by public departments, enterprises and other institutions, and are debt certificates to raise funds, **issued by **company, is ** equity certificate of investment, bonds and ** nature are not the same, bonds are valuable for repayment of principal and interest within a certain period of time, ** is that investors hand over funds to ** company management, ** company uses funds to engage in **, bonds and other instruments of investment, ** is a benefit-sharing, risk-sharing **investment, bonds and ** risks are different, The risk of bonds is lower, usually lower than **, and the risk of ** is higher than that of bonds, especially for **type**, the risk will be higher, the profit of bonds and ** is different, because the bond is issued when it is agreed to repay the principal and interest after maturity, so the bond income is stable, is a higher security investment method, you can obtain more stable interest income, ** is to diversify investment in **, bonds, financial derivatives, so ** profits can usually be higher than bonds, bonds and ** The trading venue of bonds is the interbank market and the bank counter market, the interbank market is the bond trading market between various banks, and ordinary investors buy and sell bonds through the bank counter market.

These are two completely different financial products.

1. Bonds are debt-based and valuable**. The person holding the bond represents a claim on the issuer.

Bonds** are equity-type valuable**. The person who holds ** represents the holding of the property of the **.

This is the difference between the two in the attributes of basic rights.

2. Bonds are issued by the state, enterprises or companies and are used to raise funds.

Bonds are an expert wealth management product that is used by companies to raise investors' funds together, invest in various bonds, and earn income for investors.

This is the difference between the two in terms of issuance.

3. Buying bonds to hold to maturity is basically to earn interest. This part of the income is tax deductible. Selling in the middle of the process may result in a capital gain or loss. Generally, this part of the capital gains is exempt from tax.

And buying**, holding**, usually to enjoy the income distribution. Once you sell halfway, you can realize a capital gain or loss. However, general bonds** are usually designed to have no income distribution, and all income is rolled into the principal, so holding bonds** generally has no income distribution.

However, all capital gains are not tax deductible when selling bonds**; Capital losses are also not deductible on tax returns. In other words, it is a duty-free commodity. Therefore, the purchase of bonds** is regarded as a financial management behavior in tax planning at a large level, not a risky investment behavior.

This is the difference between the two in terms of trading or investment and financial management.

Bond**.

Bonds**, that is, bond type**, the English name is bond fund, specifically refers to a specific type of **, in China, this kind of ** takes treasury bonds or financial bonds as its own investment object. ”

Extended information: 1. Company type**.

It is also known as common **, which means that ** itself is a share, and the company raises funds by issuing ** or beneficiary certificates. When an investor buys a copy of the company, he becomes a shareholder of the company, receives dividends or bonuses, and shares the income from the investment.

2. Features. 1. The number of common sheds is a joint-stock company, but it is different from a general joint-stock company, and its business is concentrated in the investment trust.

2. The capital of the common repatriation is the capital of the company's legal person, that is, shares.

3. The structure of the first joint stock company is the same, with a board of directors and a general meeting of shareholders. **Assets are owned by the company, and the investor is the shareholder of the company and the ultimate holder of the company's assets. Shareholders exercise their rights at general meetings according to the size of their shares.

4. According to the articles of association, the board of directors has the responsibility for the safe appreciation of assets. For the convenience of management, the common manager and custodian are often set up. The manager is responsible for the investment management of the assets, and the custodian is responsible for supervising the investment activities of the manager.

The custodian can (but is not required) open an account with the bank and register the ** asset in his own name. In order to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties, there is a contractual relationship between the joint ** company and the custodian, and the responsibilities of the custodian are set out in the "custodian agreement" signed between him and the common ** company. If something goes wrong with the common **, the investor has the right to claim it directly from the common ** company.

3. Insurance**.

Refers to the establishment of special ** in order to compensate for the economic losses caused by unexpected disasters or accidents, or the economic needs caused by personal **, loss of working ability, etc. In modern society, there are generally four forms of insurance**:

1. Centralized state financial reserve**. This is a kind of monetary fund set up in the state budget, which is specially used to meet unexpected expenditures and special needs in the national economic plan, such as relief from catastrophic natural disasters, foreign invasions, and mistakes in the national economic plan.

2. The insurance of professional insurance organizations, that is, the insurance company and other insurance organizations raise insurance by collecting insurance premiums, which is used to compensate insurance units and individuals for the loss of disasters or accidents or to pay insurance money when due.

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Bonds** refer to those that specialize in investing in bonds. It is a kind of **investment** with bonds as the investment object. It invests in bonds by pooling the funds of many investors in search of relatively stable returns.

Typically, investors do not charge a fee for subscribing to or subscribing to bonds** and the redemption rate is low. Bonds** are more focused on current returns, with relatively low risk and returns.

Investing in bonds, on the one hand, investors can obtain stable interest income, and on the other hand, they can take advantage of the changes in bonds** to buy and sell bonds and earn the difference.

Bonds are specialized in investing in bonds, and the investment objects of bonds are mainly treasury bonds, financial bonds and corporate bonds. Usually, bonds provide investors with a fixed return and repayment of principal at maturity, which is a low-risk and low-return **.

[Legal basis].

Article 94 of the Investment Law of the People's Republic of China.

After the completion of the non-public offering, the manager shall file with the industry association. If the total amount of funds raised or the number of share holders reaches the prescribed standards, the industry association shall report to the ***** supervision and management authority.

The investment of non-publicly offered property includes the purchase and sale of publicly issued shares****** bonds, shares, and other ***** and derivatives stipulated by the regulatory authority.

M&A is to focus on the merger and acquisition of the target enterprise, and its investment method is to obtain control of the target enterprise through the acquisition of the equity of the target enterprise, and then reorganize and transform it to a certain extent, and then hold it for a certain period of time; M&A** is exited by a listed company.