How is the volume calculated in the earthwork calculation in the square grid?

How to calculate the volume of a quadrangular prism. The four corners of the square are all filled or all cut, and the cut or fill volume is: v=a2(h1+h2+h3+h4) 4 where:

h1, h2, h3, h4 - the construction height of the square four points excavated or filled, all take the absolute value, m; a—the length of the square side. Among the four corners of the square, when part is cut and part is fill, the cut or fill volume is respectively: v =a2 4 [h12 (h1+h4)+h22 (h2+h3)] v =a2 4 [h32 (h2+h3)+h42 (h1+h4)] When three corner points in the square are cut (or fill) and the other corner point is fill (or cut), the earthwork quantity of the fill part is:

v4=a2h43 6(h1+h4)(h3+h4) The amount of earthwork in the excavated part is: v =a2(2h1+h2+2h3-h4) 6+v4 The volume calculation method of the triangular prism. In the calculation, each square is divided into triangles along the terrain contour line, and the filling and excavation construction height of the three corner points of each triangle is represented by H1, H2 and H3.

When the three corners of the triangle are all excavated or all filled, the volume of the cut-and-fill is as follows: v=a2(h1+h2+h3) 6 where: a—the length of the square side, m; h1, h2, h3 - the construction height of each corner of the triangle, substituting the absolute value, m.

When the three corners of the triangle are filled with digging, the zero line divides the triangle into two parts, one is the cone with a triangular bottom surface, and the other is a wedge with a quadrilateral bottom surface, and the volume of the cone part is: v cone = a2h33 6 (h1 + h3) (h2 + h3) The volume of the wedge part is: v wedge = a2 6[h33 (h1+h3)(h2+h3)-h3+h2+h1] where:

h1, h2, h3 - the construction height of each corner of the triangle, take the absolute value, m. where h3 refers to the construction height of the cone vertex.

1. Identify and convert the elevation points and contour lines on the original natural topographic map.

2. Delineate the closed range line of earthwork calculation, and use earthwork software to create earthwork calculation range.

3. Arrange the square grid, for example, the [automatic layout of the grid] function in the software, which can quickly draw the square grid. Moreover, the size of the square grid can be entered by yourself, the angle can be set freely, and the grid can be adjusted through the function in [Square Grid] after layout. 4. Collect and extract terrain elevation onto the grid.

5. There are about three ways to determine the design elevation: "automatically optimize the design elevation", "directly extract and collect the design data done in the early stage", and "input the design elevation in the specified way".

6. If you want to calculate the amount of slope earthwork, you can grade the slope, the general slope is divided into a single-level slope and a multi-level slope, and the functions in the software are roughly divided into [side selection and grading], [point grading], and [corner grading] functions for slope drawing.

7. Draw the earthwork zero line (not required, it does not affect the earthwork calculation results).

8. Calculate the amount of earthwork, note that this includes the amount of earthwork and the amount of stone, the general earthwork software should not include the calculation of the amount of stone, only the flying earthwork calculation software can calculate the amount of stone, and you can also set the loose coefficient before the calculation.

9. Statistical table of unearthed squares.

10. Draw a earthwork level soil profile.

Each square is treated as a single cube, and the average area of the two sections multiplied by the length is the square of a single square. The intersection point (zero point) of the positive and negative numbers of the height difference is best measured, and the positive and negative areas are calculated separately, and the important thing is that they cannot be all averaged, and they must be calculated one square at a time, and they are accumulated. A rough calculation can also be done by averaging the sum of the height differences, or multiplying by the area.

Cross-sectional method: When the terrain is complex and undulating, or the ground is long and narrow, and the depth of excavation and filling is large and irregular, it is advisable to choose the cross-sectional method for earthwork calculation. When using the cross-sectional method to calculate the amount of earthwork, the cross-section A1, A2, A3, AI, etc. can be set according to a certain length L according to the canal ll.

1. Divide the site deficit into a square grid with a side length of 10-40m, usually 20m.

2. Then mark the site design elevation and the natural ground elevation on the grid angle, and the difference between the site design elevation and the natural ground elevation is the construction height of each corner point (digging or filling) It is customary to use the "+" sign to represent the fill, and "- means the cut.

3. The construction height is carefully marked on the corner point, and then the amount of earthwork and excavation of each square is calculated separately, and the amount of earthwork and slope earthwork calculated by all squares of the excavation area (or filling area) are summarized, that is, the total amount of earthwork and the amount of filling of the site are obtained.