The origin of concrete, the origin of reinforced concrete

This thing is actually not very clear, if you are a Chinese, you can say that it was invented in our country--- during the Qin Shi Huang period, the Chinese people used glutinous rice juice and sand soil to build the Great Wall, in fact, it is also a kind of concrete!

As for conventional Portland cement, the invention was in 1824 and the invention of reinforced concrete was in 1848.

- excerpt: 1796, Englishman JParker fired a type of cement out of marl, which had a brown appearance, much like a mixture of lime and volcanic ash from ancient Roman times, and was named Roman cement.

Because it is made of natural marl as raw material and fired directly without ingredients, it is also known as natural cement. It has good hydraulic hardness and fast setting characteristics, and is especially suitable for projects in contact with water. In 1813, the French civil engineer Picat discovered that cement made from a three-to-one mixture of lime and clay had the best performance.

In 1824, the British construction worker JAspudin obtains a patent for Portland Cement. He used limestone and clay as raw materials, combined in a certain proportion, calcined the mature material in a vertical kiln similar to burnt lime, and then grinded it to make cement.

It was named Portland Cement because its hardened color was similar to the stone used for construction in Portland, England Island. It has excellent architectural performance and is of epoch-making significance in the history of cement.

China's concrete batching plant industry began at the end of the fifties of the last century, after nearly fifty years of development, especially the rapid development since the reform and opening up, and the leapfrog development after entering the new century, has gone through the process from scratch, from small to large, has achieved brilliant results, has undergone great historical changes, so that China's concrete batching plant industry from obscurity to the world's attention, from insignificant to significant, and the production output ranks first in the world, It is a veritable concrete batching plant manufacturing country. Although China is not yet a manufacturing power of concrete batching plants, the national concrete batching plant industry is redoubling its efforts, focusing on promoting industrial upgrading, striving to catch up with the world's advanced level, and striding towards the road of creating a strong country for concrete batching plants.

It can be traced back to ancient times, and the cementitious materials used are clay, lime, gypsum, volcanic ash, etc. Since the emergence of Portland cement in the twenties of the nineteenth century, the concrete formulated with it has the strength and durability required for engineering, and the raw materials are readily available, the cost is low, and especially the energy consumption is low, so it is extremely versatile (see Inorganic Cementitious Materials).

At the beginning of the 20th century, some people published theories such as water-cement ratio, which initially laid the theoretical foundation for the strength of concrete. Later, light aggregate concrete, aerated concrete and other concrete appeared one after another, and various concrete admixtures also began to be used. Since the 60s, superplasticizers have been widely used, and high-efficiency superplasticizers and corresponding fluidized concrete have appeared; Polymer materials have entered the field of concrete materials, and polymer concrete has appeared; A variety of fibers are used for fiber-reinforced fiber-reinforced concrete.

Modern testing techniques are also increasingly being applied to the study of concrete material science.

The birthplace of reinforced concrete trembling mountain soil is France.

Monia, the French artisan in the eggplant cave, often had to transplant flowers from pots in greenhouses, and if he was not careful, the pots would be broken, so he replaced them with wooden pots, but wooden pots were more expensive than tile pots. At that time, cement was already being used, and Monya used cement as flower pots, which were harder than tile pots, but still prone to cracking.

One day in 1868, Monia finally came up with a good idea: wrap a few iron hoops around the outside of the cement planter to reinforce it. For the sake of the beauty of the pots, he applied a layer of cement to the outside of the iron hoops, and after hardening, he found that the pots were particularly strong and not easy to break.

Later, Monya used iron wire as a skeleton, and then plastered cement on the outside of the wire skeleton, and after hardening, it became a sturdy and beautiful flower pot. Based on the structure of this pot, reinforced concrete was born. Now, reinforced concrete has become the most widely used building material in the construction field of countries around the world.

concrete, aka"Concrete (tóng)."

It refers to the general term of engineering composite materials that are cemented into a whole by cementitious materials. The word concrete usually refers to the use of cement as cementitious material, sand and stone as aggregates;

Cement concrete, also known as ordinary concrete, is widely used in civil engineering engineering when it is mixed with water (which can contain admixtures and admixtures) in a certain proportion and is mixed to obtain cement concrete.

Jozeve Meunière (1823-1906) was a French horticulturist and inventor of reinforced concrete. In 1865, when the French horticulturist Jochenfoe Monier was building a flower bed, in order to prevent it from being trampled on, he tried to weave the image of iron wire into roots, and poured cement, sand and pebbles with better bonding. In 1872, the world's first reinforced concrete structure was completed in New York, USA, and a new era in the history of human architecture began, and reinforced concrete structures were used on a large scale in the engineering community after 1900.

In 1928, a new type of reinforced concrete structural form, prestressed reinforced concrete, appeared, and was widely used in engineering practice after World War II. The invention of reinforced concrete and the use of steel in the construction industry in the mid-19th century made it possible to build high-rise buildings and long-span bridges.