Classification of structural design, what are the types of structure

There are several categories of design: graphic design, web design, environmental design, GUI design, illustration design, animation design, product design, architectural design, fashion design, etc.

1. Brick and wood structure

Brick and timber structure, a type of architectural structure of a house.

It refers to the use of bricks or blocks for the walls and columns of the vertical load-bearing structure in the building, and the timber structure for floor slabs and roof trusses. Due to the limitation of mechanical engineering and engineering strength, the general brick and wood structure is a flat layer.

2. Brick-concrete structure

Brick-concrete structure refers to the vertical load-bearing structure in the building where the wall is made of bricks or blocks, and the structural columns are constructed.

As well as transversely load-bearing beams, floor slabs, roof panels, etc., are made of reinforced concrete.

In other words, the brick-concrete structure is a load-bearing structure with a small part of reinforced concrete and a large part of the brick wall. Brick-concrete structure is a kind of mixed structure, which is a mixed structural system composed of brick walls to bear loads, reinforced concrete beams, columns, slabs and other components. Suitable for studio depth.

Smaller, small-room-area, multi-storey or low-rise buildings, for load-bearing walls can not be altered, while frame structures.

Most of the walls can be changed.

3. Reinforced concrete structure

Reinforced concrete structures refer to structures made of concrete reinforced with steel bars. The main load-bearing elements are built with reinforced concrete. It includes thin shell structures, cast-in-situ structures of large formwork, and reinforced concrete structures constructed using sliding formwork, rising plates, etc.

A structure made of steel and concrete. The steel bar is subjected to tensile force, and the concrete is subjected to pressure. It has the advantages of being strong, durable, good fire performance, saving steel and low cost than steel structure.

Shear walls. In fact, it is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete wall, which mainly bears the horizontal load, and such a horizontal load produces a horizontal shear force on the wall and column, and the shear wall structure.

The anti-lateral force system is composed of the wall in the vertical and horizontal directions, its stiffness is very large, the space integrity is good, and the beams and column corners are not exposed in the room, which is convenient for indoor layout and easy to use.

The shear wall structure has good seismic performance, but its shortcomings are the self-weight and prestressing of the structure.

The shear wall structure can often achieve a large-space residential layout, and the shear wall structure form is the most widely used structural form for high-rise housing.

Steel structure. Steel, reinforced concrete structure. Reinforced concrete structure. Hybrid structure. Brick and timber construction. Other structures.

The building structure is directly related to the structural form, safety performance, service life and retrofit of the building.

Building structure refers to the system composed of various components (roof trusses, beams, slabs, columns, etc.) that can withstand various functions in the construction of houses.

Structural design is divided into two types: building structure design and product structure design, of which the building structure includes superstructure design and foundation design.

1. The main content and steps of the superstructure design:

According to the architectural design, the structural system and the main materials of the structure are determined; structural layout; Preliminary selection of material type, strength grade, etc., according to the experience of the preliminary determination of the cross-sectional size of the component; Calculation of structural loads and analysis of internal forces of structures under various loads; load effect combinations; Cross-section design of the component. In addition, certain necessary construction measures are included. It is necessary to follow the relevant specifications and atlases of the structure specialty.

2. Superstructure design:

It is mainly divided into frame structure, shear wall structure, frame-shear wall structure, frame-core tube structure, cylinder-tube structure, and masonry structure.

3. Basic design:

According to the engineering geological survey report, the type of superstructure and the load effect from the superstructure, and the local construction technology level and material ** situation to determine the form of the foundation, material strength grade, generally shallow foundation (such as: independent foundation, strip foundation, etc.) and deep foundation (such as: pile foundation) and so on.

Generally refers to the structural designer of architecture, mainly engaged in structural design and mechanical analysis.

In particular, if there is the word "registered structural engineer", it must be in the construction field, such as bridges, houses, railways, culverts, rigid frames, etc.

However, some industrial design majors (new disciplines) also say that their modeling designers are "structural designers", such as mobile phone shell and keyboard design, air conditioning shape and internal structure design, in fact, this kind of structural designer is an industrial designer.

You study material processing, and industrial design is more compatible, but you have to know how to mechanical drawing, can draw three-sided drawing, but you have just graduated, you can learn anything, no one requires you to be able to undertake design work as soon as you graduate, that is almost not too boring, and it is not good.

Solid structures: masonry, mud walls, dams, piers, etc.

Frame structure: A-word ladder, bird loss fiber nest, transmission tower, etc.

Shell structure: safety helmet, gas tank, oil tank, etc.

Solid structure: The structure itself is solid. Its force is characterized by the fact that the external force is distributed throughout the volume.

Frame Structure: A structure composed of slender members. Stress characteristics: support space without filling space.

Shell structure: Usually refers to a layered structure. The force is characterized by an external force acting on the surface of the structure.

Solid structures: masonry, mud walls, dams, piers, etc.

Frame structure: A-word ladder, bird loss fiber nest, transmission tower, etc.

Shell structure: safety helmet, gas tank, oil tank, etc.

Solid structure: The structure itself is solid. Its force is characterized by the fact that the external force is distributed throughout the volume.

Frame Structure: A structure composed of slender members. Stress characteristics: support space without filling space.

Shell structure: Usually refers to a layered structure. The force is characterized by an external force acting on the surface of the structure.