The order of magnitude of the atomic radius is generally how many nanometers

In atomic physics classes, it is generally accepted that the atomic radius is an order of magnitude and the radius of the nucleus is five orders of magnitude smaller.

Theoretically, there is no strictly fixed orbit of electrons outside the nucleus, so there is no strict boundary for the size of the atom, and the radius of a single atom cannot be accurately determined, so the atomic radius data currently used is only relative and approximate. Depending on the method of measurement, there are 3 types of atomic radii.

1) Covalent radius: Half of the distance between two nuclei when two atoms of the same element are bonded by covalent bonds. In fact, the distance between the nuclei is the bond length of the covalent bond.

2) Metal radius: Half of the distance between two adjacent metal atoms in a metal crystal.

3) Paradigm radius: Half the distance between two identical nuclei of adjacent different molecules attracted to each other by van der Waals forces.

The atomic radius magnitude is related to the following two aspects.

Number of electron shells The number of protons within the nucleus.

Number of protons in the nucleus = number of nuclear charges).

The higher the number of electron shells, the greater the atomic radius.

If there are more protons in the nucleus, the more mass the nucleus will be, the stronger the ability to bind electrons, and the smaller the atomic radius.

To compare the size of the atomic radius of the uniform period, look at the proton Zhu in the nucleus.

If you compare a group of elements, you can look at the number of electron layers.

If both the period and the group of the elements are different then the number of electron shells is mainly considered.

It is generally not related to the number of electrons in the outermost shell.

For example: The atomic radii of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are , and respectively.

Atomic radius. The order of magnitude is about 10 m.

The mass of the atom is extremely small, and the mass is mainly concentrated in protons and neutrons. Nucleus.

Electrons are distributed outside, and the electron transitions produce a spectrum, which determines the chemical properties of an element.

And it has a great influence on the magnetism of atoms. All atoms with the same number of protons make up the elements, and each element mostly has an unstable isotope.

Radioactive decay is possible.

Atoms are inseparable in chemical reactions. But in the physical state it can be divided. An atom is made up of a nucleus and electrons that move around the nucleus. Atoms constitute the smallest unit of matter in general.

Called an element. There are 118 known elements.

The atom was the first to have an ontology in philosophy.

With the progress of human understanding, the atom has gradually become a scientific theory from an abstract concept. The nucleus and electrons are microscopic particles that make up atoms. Atoms, in turn, can make up molecules.

Atomic properties. The mass of the atom is very small.

Irregular movement without stopping.

There are gaps between atoms.

The properties of the same kind of atoms are the same, and the properties of different kinds of atoms are different.

An atom is made up of a nucleus and electrons that move around the nucleus. Atoms make up the smallest unit of matter in general, known as elements. There are 118 known elements. Hence has a nuclear structure.

The diameter of the atom is about nanometers (10 m).

The mass of an atom is extremely small, generally to the power of -27, and the mass is mainly concentrated in protons and neutrons. Electrons are distributed outside the nucleus, and the electron transitions produce a spectrum, which determines the chemical properties of an element and has a great influence on the magnetic properties of the atom. All atoms with the same number of protons make up the elements, each of which mostly has an unstable isotope that can undergo radioactive decay.

The general atomic size (diameter) is 10 to the power of 10 meters, which is 1 alas. A nanometer is a unit of distance and is a meter to the power of 10 to the minus 9. Therefore, the size of the average atom (diameter) is about 1 10 nanometers.

The size of the atom is 10 -8 cm = nanometers.

A nanometer (nm) is a unit of length, and 1 nm is equal to one billionth (10-9) of a meter, which is equal to 10 angstroms. The length of 1 nm is about equivalent to the length of 3 5 atoms closely packed together.

Nanomaterials refer to solid materials composed of extremely fine grains with characteristic dimensions in the nanometer order (1 100 nm).

The diameter of the atom is about nanometers; The diameter of the molecule is about 10 nanometers.

Nucleus. The radius size is 10 (-15) m, and the half-longitude size of the atom is 10 (-10) m.

The arrangement of matter from smallest to largest is: electrons, protons, atoms, molecules.

The approximate dimensions are:

1. The radius size of the electron: the traditional size is, and the modern size is 10 (-22)m.

2. The radius size of the proton: 10 (-16)m.

3. The radius of the nucleus: 10 (-15)m.

4. The semi-longitude size of the atom: 10 (-10)m.

A variety of different substances, they have different molecular diameters, the smaller hydrogen molecule is 23 10 (8) cm in diameter; The larger protein molecule has a diameter of 43 to 10 (8) cm.

The diameter of a typical atom is about 10 (-8) centimeters.

Approaching Science: How are molecules of 0.00 nanometers separated by high technology?

The order of magnitude of the radius of the nucleus is about 10 (15) meters.

The nucleus is small compared to the atom, and its volume is only 1 billionth of the volume of the atom. However, in this tiny nucleus there is a concentration of about 99 95 atomic mass. The nucleus of an atom is affected by the nuclear force and consists of protons and neutrons (two types of baryons).

Neutrons and protons are further made up of quarks.

The energy confined to the nucleus of protons and neutrons is called the binding energy, and generally speaking, the energy of the atomic weight 58 to 62 has the largest binding energy, which is the so-called "iron peak". As far as is known, elements with an atomic weight of less than 62 will be released by nuclear fusion reactions, and elements with an atomic weight greater than 62 will be released by nuclear fission reactions.

The radius of the nucleus r=r*a (1 3), where r=,a is the number of nucleons of the nucleus. So the radius of the nucleus is about the order of magnitude fm (10 -15 m).

Generally, the molecular diameter is in the order of 10 to the minus 10 power, and the molecule is a whole that is composed of atoms in accordance with a certain bonding order and spatial arrangement, which cannot be directly observed by the human eye, and can only be observed with the help of microscopes and other tools.

Due to the interaction between the atoms within the molecule, the physical and chemical properties of the molecule depend not only on the type and number of constituent atoms, but also on the structure of the molecule.

It is generally diffracted by X-ray crystals, by the Bragg formula:

ASIN(B) = NC, where A is the unit cell parameter, B is the diffraction angle, N is the diffraction series, and C is the wavelength of the X-rayThen, according to the specific unit cell packing coefficient, based on geometric knowledge (the very simple Pythagorean theorem and plane trigonometry), the atomic radius r can be calculated.

Atomic radius is one of the parameters that describe the size of an atom.

According to different scales and measurement methods, atomic radius is defined differently, the common ones are orbital radius, van der Waals radius (also known as paradigm radius), covalent radius, metal radius, etc. The atomic radius of the same atom can vary greatly depending on the definition, so when comparing the relative sizes of different atoms, the data taken must be consistent.

The atomic limb radius is mainly affected by three factors: the number of electron layers, the number of nuclear charges and the number of electrons in the outermost shell. In general, the greater the number of electron layers, the smaller the number of nuclear charges, the smaller the number of holes in the outermost shell, and the greater the atomic radius. This also makes the atomic radius have a clear periodic degeneration law on the periodic table.

The atomic radius has a great influence on the chemical properties of the element, so the study of the atomic radius has great significance and value in the development of chemistry.