How can tympanic membrane perforation be intervened?

Those with small tympanic membrane perforation are more likely to heal on their own. If it cannot be self-healing, 50% trichlorovinegar can be used to cauterize the perforated edge, and phenol glycerin cotton pads and silicone rubber film can be placed on the surface. If the perforation is large and cannot heal on its own, tympanic membrane repair can be done. If there is a secondary infection, it is treated as purulent otitis media.

After tympanic membrane injury, the external auditory canal should be kept clean, the external auditory canal should be disinfected with alcohol, and the soil, foreign bodies, blood scabs or cerumen crumb remaining in the external ear canal should be removed, and a cotton ball should be placed on the external auditory canal. Do not rinse or drip medicine in the ear to avoid bringing bacteria from the external ear canal into the middle ear and causing middle ear infection. Antibiotics should be used throughout the body, swimming should be prohibited, and sewage should be prevented from getting into the ears.

Antibiotics should be used to prevent infection, it is forbidden to rinse or drip the external ear canal, and the opening of the external ear canal can be blocked with a disinfectant cotton ball. Avoid colds and never blow your nose vigorously to prevent infection from the nasopharynx. Until the piercing heals, do not swim or get any water into your ears.

The vast majority of traumatic perforations heal spontaneously within 3 to 4 weeks. Large, persistent perforations may be treated with tympanic membrane repair.

In the case of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation, it must be carried out in a timely manner. The method of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation depends on the size of the tympanic membrane perforation. Small perforations usually heal on their own and do not require special intervention, but it is necessary to keep the external ear canal clean and dry, and to prevent colds and middle ear infections.

Traumatic perforations usually heal spontaneously within 3 to 4 months, and if they do not heal spontaneously, they need to be considered for surgery in the hospital**.

The first aspect is to keep the external auditory canal dry and not flooded to avoid infection and inflammation, because acute otitis media, or purulent otitis media, can easily lead to perforation of the eardrum.

The second aspect is to avoid blowing your nose as hard as possible, because the ear and nose communicate through the eustachian tube, and if you blow your nose very hard, it may cause a perforation of the eardrum.

Thirdly, it is necessary to avoid ear trauma, because some patients may cause traumatic tympanic membrane perforation after ear trauma, so it is necessary to protect the ear as much as possible. In general, through the above prevention methods, the probability of tympanic membrane perforation can be effectively reduced.

Nowadays, people's living standards have improved, but all kinds of pollution have followed, especially noise pollution is very serious, resulting in the incidence of ear disease such as tympanic membrane perforation increasing year by year. Once the tympanic membrane is perforated, many external dirt can directly enter the middle ear, causing infection and hearing loss, so the tympanic membrane perforation is urgent, so what should I do? Let's take a look.

1. Routine**.

If the perforation of the eardrum is caused by an external force and there is no infection, you can put a disinfectant dry cotton ball in the ear canal and use antibiotics to prevent infection, so that it may heal itself after a period of time. Of course, after taking the drug, you must do a good job of protection, such as don't go swimming, don't let the ears get water, etc., after a period of time, if the tympanic membrane perforation is not healed, you need to do a specialist, examination, if necessary, you can do repair surgery to improve hearing.

2. Professional**.

The profession mentioned here is to use a variety of advanced technologies to assist**. Ear microscopy technology can accurately locate the depth of the ear, which can effectively reduce many dangers encountered in the process and improve the accuracy of the ear. The tympanic membrane can also be repaired with tympanic membrane repair to minimize the residual lesion.

For inflammatory tympanic membrane perforation, infection control should be the mainstay, with antibiotics used mainly** inflammation. Secondary infection should be prevented for traumatic tympanic membrane perforation, which usually heals spontaneously within a month, but if the perforation is too large, surgery is required**.

Perforation due to acute or chronic otitis media may be treated with an oral or intravenous cephalosporin antibiotic, topical irrigation of the ear canal with 3% hydrogen peroxide, and the addition of levofloxacin ear drops to fight infection**.

Going to a regular hospital for tympanic membrane repair surgery is currently the best method.

So so**. The tympanic membrane perforation**mostly dry**, the uninfected blood clot attached to the eardrum can not be removed, and the external ear canal is disinfected with alcohol and then lightly plugged with a sterilized cotton ball.

Drugs**. Inflammatory tympanic membrane perforation.

Otitis media after tympanic membrane perforation often causes pus in the ear canal, and the first thing to do is to cause inflammation**. At present, antibiotics are mainly used for inflammation, chloramphenicol ear drops or ofloxacin ear drops are often used as ear baths to clean the inflamed parts, which are suitable for patients with tympanic membrane perforation caused by purulent otitis media. Patients who are allergic to ofloxacin and fluoroquinolones are contraindicated, and pregnant and lactating women should use chloramphenicol ear drops with caution.

Traumatic tympanic membrane perforation.

Traumatic perforation of the eardrum does not cause infection, so it is only necessary to plug the ear canal with a dry cotton ball and use antibiotics to prevent infection.

Surgery**. If the drug ** condition is not good, the tympanic membrane patch can be carried out in time, and the commonly used patch materials include tympanic membrane growth agent, moist burn ointment cotton pads, gelatin sponge, etc. For those who have not healed for more than three months, tympanic membrane repair will be performed to restore tympanic membrane function.

If the tympanic membrane perforation caused by chronic otitis media often forms cholesteatoma, it is necessary to repair the tympanic membrane, and the fascia of the temporal muscle next to the ear can be used to repair the eardrum, which has a high success rate and can basically restore the patient's hearing.

Psychology**. For patients with hearing loss, there is often greater psychological pressure, and doctors and family members should provide appropriate psychological counseling to patients, give confidence, and make patients actively cooperate**.

Prognosis. The prognosis of tympanic membrane perforation is good, and if the patient actively cooperates** and takes proper care, it can generally be cured without affecting life and quality of life.

If the tympanic membrane is perforated due to trauma, it may heal on its own, but if the tympanic membrane perforation is caused by chronic suppurative otitis media, it will not recover spontaneously if it has been very long. Perforation of the tympanic membrane due to chronic otitis media, if the attacks are very frequent, can be operated on promptly**. Patients with traumatic tympanic membrane perforation must keep their ears dry, avoid water in their ears, do not pinch their noses and puff up, avoid colds, avoid colds, and need to use antibiotics to prevent infection under the guidance of an otolaryngologist, such as amoxicillin clavulanate potassium dispersible tablets, which can be cured in about 4 weeks, and if it is still not able to recover after more than 2 months, tympanic membrane repair surgery can be considered.

After tympanic membrane perforation, the middle ear tissue is inflammatory and pathological changes, and it is also susceptible to infection by external bacteria, so the best practice is to refill the tympanic membrane, that is, tympanic membrane repair.

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If someone asks me, what is rejection? I'll be sure to tell him the full meaning! If someone asks me, what is mediocrity? I'll be sure to say, "What do you think? —Epigraph.

When I saw this essay title, two huge words "vulgar" appeared in my mind, and a sense of joy spread to my mind. Thoughts poured in, patting on my shore, words colliding with each other, voices becoming more and more violent, "waves" rising higher and higher, crashing against the Berlin Wall formed by these four words, but none of them could break through. The dazzling sunlight was constantly shifting, and the shadows covering the "sea" were getting bigger and bigger, and I couldn't tell whether it was dark or blank.

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When people's eardrums are damaged to a certain extent, it is very likely that the tympanic membrane perforation will occur, and the current preferred method for this disease is mainly anti-infection, if the condition is not very serious, you can also consider the local method. However, if the above two methods are ineffective, or the perforation is large and cannot heal on its own, surgery needs to be considered.

When people's ears are affected by indirect or direct external impact or inflammation, it is easy to cause their eardrum to be damaged to a certain extent, which is called tympanic membrane perforation in medicine. The onset of this condition can not only lead to hearing loss, but also cause brain damage, dizziness and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. So, how does tympanic membrane perforation**?

1. Anti-infection**.

At present, the preferred method for the common condition of tympanic membrane perforation is to fight infection** by using sufficient antibiotics to achieve the effect of infection control. If the disease is more severe, systemic antibiotics are required**, but other drugs such as penicillin and cephalosporins may also be considered. However, it is important to note that large amounts of antibiotics may cause some adverse reactions in the human body, so it is best to pay attention to the dosage of the drug.

Second, partial**.

If the patient's tympanic membrane perforation is not very severe, a local ** can also be considered, and the patient's external auditory canal needs to be cleaned with a content of 3% hydrogen peroxide. After that, you can consider using antibiotics as ear drops, so that you can effectively control the inflammation in your ears and have the best effect. If the patient's body is caused by inflammation of other organs and tissues in the ear, then it is necessary to actively treat the primary disease to achieve the goal.

3. Surgery**.

If the patient's tympanic membrane perforation is not effective with other methods, or the perforation site is large and cannot heal on its own, then it is best to take surgery, and surgical repair is generally considered to achieve the best effect. At the same time, surgery can also help people effectively remove residual foreign bodies and blood clots in the external auditory canal, greatly reducing the occurrence of infections and other conditions.

Perforated eardrum is caused by otitis media or trauma, which can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, earache, and recurrent ear canal discharge. Mild simple tympanic membrane perforation is severe with symptoms such as ossicular chain or mastoiditis. It is usually necessary to take care to keep the external auditory canal clean, free of water, and use ear drops or anti-infection if necessary**.

Isolated perforations can be repaired on an outpatient basis, and severe perforations or complications require inpatient surgical repair while complications are managed.

1. The tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, is an oval translucent membrane, composed of epithelial layer, fibrous layer and mucosal layer, located at the junction of the middle ear tympanic chamber and the external auditory canal, constituting the outer wall of the tympanic chamber, which separates the external auditory canal from the middle ear cavity, and blocks foreign bodies and bacteria that protect the external auditory canal from entering the middle ear cavity.

2. Due to the anatomical characteristics of children, the eustachian tube connecting the nasal cavity and the middle ear cavity is short and thick, when the upper respiratory tract is infected, the bacteria and secretions of the nasal cavity can easily reach the middle ear cavity through the eustachian tube to cause infection, and at the same time, if the breastfeeding posture is not correct, the milk is also easy to flow into or choke into the middle ear through the eustachian tube, and acute otitis media leads to tympanic membrane perforation.

3. It is mostly caused by direct or indirect external injuries, such as ear picking, surgery, foreign body in the external auditory canal, temporal bone fracture, pressure injury such as palm hitting the ear face, blasting, high diving and diving may damage the eardrum, resulting in tympanic membrane perforation. The tympanic membrane is diffusely congested and swollen, normal landmarks are difficult to discern, pus discharge or fluctuating highlights (lighthouse sign) may be seen at the perforation, and hearing examination is usually conductive hearing loss, and rarely, mixed and neural hearing loss.

The method of eardrum perforation depends on the patient's condition, and the specific method is as follows:

1. For acute traumatic perforation, it is necessary to keep the ears clean, avoid water and ear drops, and take antibiotics appropriately to prevent infection. Usually it heals in 3-4 weeks;

2. For those with large traumatic perforation and non-healing after 2 months of observation, surgical repair can be considered;

3. For simple chronic purulent otitis media, tympanic membrane repair can be done;

4. Patients with perforation of the tympanic membrane with repeated pus discharge need to use ear drops, and after stopping the pus flow, the tympanic membrane should be repaired surgically.

If the eardrum is perforated, it is necessary to treat it differently depending on the situation. The details are as follows:

1. Trauma: If the eardrum is perforated due to trauma, such as the ear is punched or slapped and the eardrum is perforated, the local dryness should be kept at this time and the hospital should be treated in time. The size of the perforation needs to be determined, and oral anti-inflammatory drugs can be taken appropriately to prevent infection, and if it is a small perforation, the perforation usually heals spontaneously within 3 months;

2. Acute inflammation of the ear: If the tympanic membrane is perforated due to acute inflammation of the ear, such as acute myringitis, acute otitis media, etc., resulting in perforation and pus of the eardrum, the inflammation should be fully controlled. After the ear pus stops, if the perforation is not large, it can heal on its own.

However, in the case of ear drainage, the eardrum is less likely to heal on its own.

In the case of eardrum perforation, it is necessary to determine the cause of eardrum perforation, and the prognosis of different shapes, sizes, and positions of perforation caused by different causes is also different.