Can anyone tell me about the state of the water pollution?

The phenomenon of water pollution observed around humans.

1. Pathogen pollution: domestic sewage, hospital sewage, livestock and poultry farm sewage, etc., often contain pathogens, such as viruses, germs and parasites.

2. Aerobic pollutants of Ant Liquid: domestic water, papermaking and food industry sewage contain organic matter such as protein, oil, carbohydrate, lignin and so on.

3. Plant nutrient pollutants: industrial sewage and domestic sewage such as papermaking, leather, food, oil refining, synthetic detergents, etc., as well as farmland water with phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, containing nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

4. Petroleum pollutants: mostly occur in the ocean, mainly from accident leakage of oil tankers, submarine oil production, ballast water of oil tankers, and wastewater from onshore refineries and biochemical plants.

5. Highly toxic pollutants: mainly heavy metals, cyanide, fluoride and organic pollutants that are difficult to decompose, most of them come from mines and smelting wastewater, and they are enriched in living organisms and endanger human health through the food chain.

Causes of water pollution: industrial contamination.

Industrial wastewater is an important source of pollution in waters, which has the characteristics of large quantity, wide area, complex composition, high toxicity, difficult to purify, and difficult to treat.

According to the data of the 1998 China Water Resources Bulletin, in this year, the total amount of wastewater discharged in the country was 53.9 billion tons (excluding thermal direct current cooling water), of which 40.9 billion tons were discharged from industrial wastewater. In fact, the amount of sewage discharged is far more than that, because it is difficult to calculate the amount of industrial sewage discharged by many township enterprises.

Water pollution

Water pollution, also known as water pollution, is caused by harmful chemicals to reduce or lose the use value of water, polluting the environment of water, acid, alkali, oxidant, as well as copper, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and other compounds, benzene, dichloroethane, ethylene glycol and other organic poisons, will poison aquatic organisms, affect drinking water sources, scenic landscape.

After the dissolved oxygen in the water is depleted, the organic matter is anaerobic decomposed, producing hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan and other unpleasant gases, which further deteriorates the water quality, and various pollutants enter the water body, and its quantity exceeds the self-purification capacity of the water body.

Water pollution mainly comes from domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, and common polluted water substances include: inorganic substances, inorganic toxic substances, organic toxic substances, aerobic pollutants, phytonutrients, radioactive substances, oil and cooling water, and pathogenic microorganisms.

Water pollution includes not only water, but also dissolved matter, suspended solids, sediment, aquatic organisms, etc. in the water. Water and water bodies are two closely related and distinct concepts. Studying the concept of water bodies can lead to a comprehensive and accurate understanding of water pollution.

Water pollution refers to the phenomenon that the physical, chemical, biological and other characteristics of the water body are changed due to the intervention of a certain substance beyond the purity of the water body, thereby affecting the utilization value of water, endangering human health or damaging the ecological environment, and causing the deterioration of water quality. Among the water pollution caused by human production activities, the water pollution caused by industry is the most serious. For example, industrial wastewater, which contains a large number of pollutants and complex composition, is not only difficult to purify in water, but also difficult to treat.

Industrial wastewater is the most important cause of water pollution caused by industrial pollution. Cracks account for the majority of pollutants emitted by industry. The amount of pollutants contained in industrial waste varies greatly depending on the type of plant.

Even within the same plant, the quality and quantity of contaminants contained in different production processes are different. In addition to the pollution caused by the direct injection of wastewater into water bodies, solid waste and exhaust gases can also pollute water bodies. Agricultural pollution is first caused by farming or land reclamation, which causes rain during periods of unstable soil and terrain, and a large amount of sediment flows into the water, increasing the suspended solids in the water.

Another important reason for the disturbance is the increasing use of pesticides and fertilizers. After being washed by surface runoff, it enters the surface water and infiltrates the surface water, forming a polluted liquid early. The source of urban pollution is caused by the concentration of urban population, and the water pollution caused by urban domestic sewage, garbage and exhaust gas.

The pollution of water quality from urban pollution sources is mainly domestic sewage, which is a mixture of various sewage produced in people's daily life, including the sewage discharged from kitchens, washing rooms, bathrooms and toilets. In the world, as many as 500 cubic kilometers of industrial and domestic wastewater are discharged in urban areas alone in a year, and every drop of sewage will pollute water bodies several times or even dozens of times.

Water pollution is the reduction or loss of the use value of water caused by harmful chemicals, and the water that pollutes the environment, and the causes of water pollution are mainly as follows:

1. Industrial pollution.

In the production process of the factory, some industrial wastewater and sewage will be generated, and the sewage will be discharged directly into the river if it is not treated, which will cause pollution to natural waters.

2. Agricultural pollution.

Due to the loosening of the surface of the land due to cultivation or land reclamation, a large amount of sediment flows into the water during rainfall, which will increase the suspended solids in the water. In addition, after the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, some harmful substances will seep into the surface water through rainfall, forming pollution.

3. Urban pollution.

Urban populations are concentrated, and a large amount of domestic sewage and garbage will be generated in daily life, such as sewage and garbage discharged from laundry, kitchens, and toilets, which will flow into rivers or underground, which will cause water pollution.

Prevention and control methods of water pollution:

Reform processes to reduce and eliminate the amount of wastewater discharged from pollutants, and use reused and recycled water systems as much as possible.

Eliminate the arbitrary discharge of industrial wastewater and urban sewage, wastewater should be treated centrally to reduce pollution sources, and the polluted water bodies should be treated in a planned manner.

Water and bodies of water are two concepts that are closely related to each other but have very different concepts. In order to have a comprehensive and accurate understanding of water pollution, it is necessary to start from the concept of water bodies and study the environmental impact of water. Water pollution refers to the phenomenon that the physical, chemical, biological and other characteristics of the water body change, thereby affecting the use value of water, endangering human health, or destroying the ecological environment, resulting in the deterioration of water quality, because the intervention of substances exceeds the self-purification capacity of water.

Among the pollution caused by human production activities, water pollution is the most serious, including industrial pollution. For example, industrial wastewater contains a number of pollutants and complex compositions, which is not only difficult to purify in water, but also difficult to treat. The quality and quantity of pollutants in industrial wastewater varies, and even different production processes vary within the same plant.

Agricultural pollution is first and foremost due to the relaxation of the land surface caused by cultivation or land reclamation, heavy rainfall, and sediment flowing into the water, increasing the suspended solids in the water, because the soil and topography are not yet stable. Urban pollution sources refer to water bodies caused by urban sewage, garbage, and exhaust gases, because urban populations are concentrated in these places. It is a mixture of various sewage produced in people's daily life, including kitchens, washing rooms, bathrooms, toilets, groundwater, sewage treatment plants, sludge plants, fertilizer plants, power plants, cement plants, etc.

In just one year, up to 500 cubic kilometres of industrial and domestic sewage are discharged from urban areas around the world.