The main varieties of cotton and linen and their blended fabrics

Characteristics of wool and linen blended fabrics: wool blended fabrics, that is, cashmere, polyester, spandex, rabbit hair and other fibers mixed with wool fabrics.

1.The wool blend fabric has a sparkle on the surface in the sun and lacks the softness of pure wool fabrics.

2.The wool blend fabric is structured but stiff and stands out visibly with increasing polyester content.

3.Wool blends have a dull sheen. Generally speaking, worsted wool blended fabrics have a weaker feel to the touch, while woolen fabrics have a loose feel. In addition, its elasticity and crispness are not as good as pure wool and wool polyester and wool acrylic blended fabrics.

Wool is an important raw material in the textile industry, and it has the advantages of good elasticity, strong moisture absorption and good warmth. However, due to the high **, it is not used much for the production of nonwovens. Nonwovens made from good wool are limited to some high-grade industrial fabrics such as needle-punched blankets and high-grade needle-punched felts.

Generally, short wool and coarse wool in wool processing are used, and products such as carpet upholstery cloth, sandwich layer of needle-punched carpet, and thermal insulation materials are produced by acupuncture, sewing and other methods.

This type of wool has different lengths, high impurities, poor spinnability, and is difficult to process, and the product can be chemically post-treated to improve quality. Wool textiles are known for their luxurious, elegant, and comfortable natural style, especially cashmere, which has the reputation of "soft **".

Cotton, that is, cotton fiber, is a seed fiber formed by the elongation and thickening of the epidermal cells of fertilized ovules. Cotton fiber has high strength, good air permeability, good heat resistance, poor wrinkle resistance, poor stretchability, poor acid resistance, easy dyeing, and bright color. What kinds of fabrics is cotton divided into?

Let's read on to find out.

1. Yunzao pure cotton fabric: the feel is better, and the gram weight is generally between 160 grams and 300 grams.

2. Mercerized cotton fabric: cotton is used as raw material, made into high-weave yarn by worsted, and then made into high-quality mercerized yarn with smooth and bright, soft and wrinkle-resistant through special processing processes such as singeing and mercerizing.

3. Pure cotton double mercerized fabric: the mercerized yarn made of singeing and mercerization is used as raw material, with clear cloth textures, novel patterns, bright luster, smooth feel, and slightly expensive.

4. Polyester-cotton fabric: soft and thick to the touch, divided into two types: plain weave and twill. Pingcha textured polyester cotton cloth has a thin surface, good strength and abrasion resistance, small shrinkage, affordable and high durability.

5. Spandex cotton fabric: adding a small amount of spandex yarn on the basis of pure cotton can improve the performance of the fabric, increase the elasticity of the fabric, and maintain the texture and comfort of pure cotton.

In general, there are many cotton fabrics, mainly including: pure cotton fabrics, mercerized cotton fabrics, pure cotton double mercerized fabrics, polyester cotton fabrics, spandex cotton fabrics, etc. By reading the above introduction of "what kinds of fabrics are cotton", I hope it can help you have a deeper understanding of the fabric classification of cotton.

Answer]: Hemp and chemical fiber are blended and intertwined.

Analysis: Hemp fabrics are yarns and fabrics made of pure spinning or blending with other fibers, including various interweavings containing hemp. Due to the expansion of raw materials, hemp fabrics include pure hemp, hemp mixed spinning, hemp and chemical fiber blending, and chemical fiber interwoven fabrics.

The following information comes from the fourth edition of "Clothing Materials Science" in March 2010: cotton and linen belong to plant fibers;

Silk and wool belong to animal fibers;

Polyester, nylon, vinylon and acrylic are synthetic fibers; Step 1: Observation.

LusterIf the surface of the fabric is dull, we can preliminarily determine that the composition of the fabric belongs to plant fibers;

If the surface of the fabric is shiny, it can be judged to be animal fiber or synthetic fiber;

Color [plant fiber].

Hemp fibers are not easily bleached and dyed, so they usually appear ivory white, brownish yellow or gray;

Cotton fibers are easy to dye and are white or milky white when not dyed;

Animal fiber] is not good at distinguishing silk and hair with color.

Synthetic fibers] are not easy to distinguish synthetic fibers by color.

Fiber length. Plant fibers].

Cotton: The most important cotton in China is fine staple cotton, also known as upland cotton, with a fiber length of 25-31mm

Hemp: The most important hemp used in our country is flax and ramie. Ramie is easier to distinguish from cotton by fiber length, because its fiber length is 120-250mm, but flax and cotton fiber length are about the same, so it is difficult to distinguish them.

Animal fiber] silk: The fiber of silk is very long, usually 500000-1000000mm

Hair: The longest hairs in the world are goat hairs from the Angola region of Turkey, also known as mohair. Its fiber length is 200-250mm, which contrasts sharply with silk.

Synthetic fibers] The length of synthetic fibers can be determined according to the needs of the product, so it is inconvenient to distinguish them by fiber length. Step 2: Feel.

Cotton: Compared with other fibers, cotton feels coarse and hard;

Hemp: Hemp is known as a cool and noble fiber, with good hygroscopicity, fast dehumidification, and much greater thermal conductivity than other fibers, so it is cool to wear;

Silk: smooth, very smooth, soft, very soft;

Hair: smooth, but not as smooth as silk, soft, but not as soft as silk, very warm. It is distinctly different from plant fibers, but not much in the sense of synthetic fibers.

Synthetic fibers: all smooth and warm. Step 3: Listen.

When silk is rubbed, it will produce a unique "silk sound" phenomenon, that is, a "rustling" sound. Step 4: Static electricity.

Silk and wool are not susceptible to static electricity, but all synthetic fibers are prone to static electricity and balloons. In this way, it can be judged whether there is static electricity: rubbing against the plastic material and then approaching a small piece of paper, if it is sucked up, there is static electricity, and vice versa. Step 5: Characteristics of synthetic fibers.

Now only the determination of synthetic fibers remains, and we can distinguish them by the characteristics of synthetic fibers:

Polyester: the strongest comprehensive ability; Good elasticity, good abrasion resistance, good sunlight resistance, good dry heat resistance.

Nylon: the strongest abrasion resistance, the worst light resistance, easy to yellow in the sun.

Vinylon: The heat shrinkage rate is high, and if you spray a little water during ironing, it will shrink more severely.

Acrylic: Lightweight, with a specific gravity close to water, lightfastness and weather resistance are the best of all synthetic fibers. If conditions and acid and alkali resistance tests are carried out, this can be a more accurate judgment of what kind of fiber it is.

Natural fibers include plant fibers, animal fibers, and mineral fibers. a. Plant fibers such as: cotton, hemp, fruit fibers.

b. Animal fibers such as: wool, rabbit hair, silk. c. Mineral fibers such as:

Asbestos. Chemical fibers include regenerated fibers, synthetic fibers, and inorganic fibers. A recycled fiber such as:

Viscose, acetate. b Synthetic fibers such as: nylon, polyester, acrylic, spandex, vinylon, polypropylene, etc.

c. Inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, metal fibers, etc. 4. Textile properties of common textile fibers:

Wool: moisture absorption, elasticity, good wearing performance, insect-resistant, acidic and metal-bound dyes. Silk:

Hygroscopic, breathable, glossy and good wearing performance, suitable for acidic and direct dyes. Cotton: breathable, hygroscopic, good taking performance, insect resistance, suitable for direct, reducing, azo, alkaline medium, vulcanized, reactive dyes.

Fabric, stiff, cool, good shape retention, wear-resistant, dimensionally stable, easy to wash and quick-dry, suitable for disperse dyes, diazo disperse dyes, soluble vat dyes. Nylon: good abrasion resistance, poor air permeability, suitable for acid dyes, bulk dyes.

Acrylic: good fluffiness, fur feeling, suitable for disperse dyes, cationic dyes.

The identification methods include hand feel, visual inspection, combustion, microscopy, dissolution, drug coloring and infrared spectroscopy. In the actual identification, it is often necessary to use a variety of methods, comprehensive analysis and research to obtain results. The general identification steps are as follows:

a.First, natural fibers and chemical fibers are identified by combustion. b.

In the case of natural fibers, various types of plant fibers and animal fibers are identified by microscopic observation. If it is a chemical fiber, it is distinguished one by one by combining the differences in the melting point, specific gravity, refractive index, and solubility properties of the fiber. c.

When identifying mixed fibers and blended yarns, it is generally possible to confirm the presence of several fibers with microscopic observation, and then identify them one by one with appropriate methods. d.For dyed or finished fibers, dyeing stripping or other appropriate pretreatment is generally required to ensure reliable identification results.

Combustion properties of common fibers: Fiber Near-flame phenomenon In the flame After leaving the flame Smell Ash Cotton Near-flame instant combustion Combustion Continued combustion with afterglow Burning paper smell Ash is very rare, fine and soft, gray-black flocculent hairy Melting away from the flame Melting and combustion, difficult to continue combustion, self-extinguishing Singeing smell Ash is more crunchy black flocculent and brittle Silk Melting from the flame Silk sound Difficult to continue burning and self-extinguishing Singeing smell Fragile and fluffy black particles Nylon softens and shrinks, blue flame is difficult to continue to burn, self-extinguishing amino odor, light brown transparent bead-like and not fragile Polyester Near flame melting and shrinking Dripping Foaming and continuous ignition, weak fragrance, hard round, black and light brown, not fragile Acrylic Melting, flame burning, melting, ignition, rapid ignition, splashing, pungent, irregular, black-brown, lumpy or globble, brittle.