What are the famous books on mathematics in ancient China?

Nine chapters of arithmetic, Zhou Jing arithmetic.

Nine chapters of arithmetic and Zhou Jing arithmetic.

Important mathematical works in ancient China include:

1. The nine volumes of "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic" are one of the earliest extant ancient Chinese mathematical works and the most important one in the "Ten Books of Arithmetic". Its author is no longer available. Nine Chapters of Arithmetic is rich in content and covers a wide range of topics, with a total of nine chapters, divided into 246 questions and 202 techniques, which is not only an important mathematical work of the Han Dynasty, but also occupies an important position in the history of mathematics in China and the world.

2. "Zhou Ji Sutra", also referred to as "Zhou Ji", is a professional mathematics book in ancient China. The Sutra of Zhou Ji is the earliest astronomical work in Chinese history, and it is also the earliest mathematical work in China that has been handed down to the present, and it is the source of mathematics in later generations.

3. "The Ancient Arithmetic", formerly known as "The Ancient Arithmetic", was written by the mathematician Wang Xiaotong in the early Tang Dynasty before 626 in the ninth year of Wude. Later, it was included in the ten books of the Sutra and renamed "The Book of Ancient Calculations".

Wang Xiaotong algebraized geometric problems in the book and systematically created cubic polynomial equations for the first time in the world, which is of great significance to the development of algebra.

4. The first, middle and second volumes of "Zhang Qiujian's Calculation Classic", written by Zhang Qiujian, a mathematician of the Northern Wei Dynasty. Sui Liu Xiaosun fine grass. In the Tang Dynasty, it was designated by Li Chunfeng as one of the "Ten Books of Calculation". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty edition of Zhang Qiujian's arithmetic was included in the sixth sub-part of the "Siku Quanshu", with a total of 100 articles.

5. "Island Arithmetic" is a work of surveying written by Liu Hui, a mathematician of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period, which was originally the continuation and development of the content of the Pythagorean chapter of the ninth volume of "Liu Hui's Nine Chapters of Arithmetic Notes", called "Nine Chapters of Heavy Difference Diagram". The "Island Arithmetic" "brought Chinese surveying to the pinnacle" and made "China's achievements in mathematical surveying surpass that of the West by about a thousand years" (American mathematician Frank Steterz).

1. "Zhang Qiu Jian Sutra". There are 92 questions in the current biography (c. 5th century AD), and the more prominent achievements include the calculation of the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple, the solution of various equal difference series problems, and the solution of some indefinite equation problems.

2, "Four Yuan Jade Jian". The Quaternary Jade Jian is the masterpiece of Zhu Shijie, an outstanding mathematician of the Yuan Dynasty, and its achievements are regarded as the pinnacle of the development of China's calculation system. It is a brilliant mathematical masterpiece, which is highly praised by researchers in the history of modern mathematics, and is considered to be the most important mathematical work in China, and also one of the most outstanding mathematical works in the Middle Ages.

3. "Nine Chapters of the Book of Numbers". The Nine Chapters of the Book of Numbers is the inheritance and development of the Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, which summarizes the main achievements of traditional Chinese mathematics in the Song and Yuan dynasties and marks the peak of ancient Chinese mathematics. When it was still a manuscript, it was successively included in the "Yongle Canon" and the "Siku Quanshu".

After the first printing in 1842, it was widely circulated among the Chinese people. Qin Jiushao's creation of the positive and negative prescription and the Great Derivation Technique have long influenced the research direction of Chinese mathematics. The writings of mathematicians such as Jiao Xun, Li Rui, Zhang Dunren, Luo Tengfeng, Shi Yueol, and Huang Zongxian were all completed under the direct or indirect influence of the Nine Chapters of the Book of Numbers.

Qin Jiushao's achievements also represent the mainstream and highest level of the development of mathematics in the medieval world, and occupy a lofty position in the history of mathematics in the world.

4. "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic". The Nine Chapters of Arithmetic defines the framework of ancient Chinese mathematics, which is characterized by calculation, closely linked to reality, and aimed at solving mathematical problems in people's production and life. Its influence was so profound that later Chinese mathematical works generally took two forms:

or to make notes for it, or to write books in its style; Even after the introduction of Western arithmetic to China, people often incorporated mathematical knowledge, including Western arithmetic, into the framework of the nine chapters when writing books and lectures.

5. "Sun Tzu's Arithmetic": "Sun Tzu's Sutra" is an important mathematical work in ancient China. The book is about in.

In the fourth and fifth centuries, that is, about 1,500 years ago, the author's life and year of writing are unknown. The biography of the "Sun Tzu Sutra" consists of three volumes.

1. Euclid: "Geometric Originals".

Geometry is a mathematical work written by the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid. It is the foundation of European mathematics, summarizing the five common assumptions of plane geometry, and is widely regarded as the most successful textbook in history. Euclid also wrote about perspective, conic curves, spherical geometry, and number theory.

Euclid used axiomatic methods. This method later became a model for any knowledge system established by Jianxiang Zao, and for almost 2,000 years, it was held up as an example of the rigorous thinking that must be followed.

2. Zhang Cang, Geng Shouchang: "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic".

The Nine Chapters of Arithmetic also has its unique achievements in mathematics, not only the first mention of fractions, but also the first record of surplus and deficit problems, and the chapter of "Equations" also expounds negative numbers and their addition and subtraction operations for the first time in the history of world mathematics. It is a comprehensive historical work, the world's most concise and effective applied mathematics at that time, and its emergence marks the formation of a complete system of ancient Chinese mathematics.

3. M. Klein: Ancient and Modern Mathematical Thought

The first volume covers the mathematics of Mesopotamia, the mathematics of Egypt, and the emergence of classical Greek mathematics. The contents of the second volume include coordinate geometry; the mathematization of science; the creation of calculus; mathematics in the 17th century; calculus in the 18th century; infinite progression, etc.

The third volume comprehensively discusses the historical development of most branches of modern mathematics, focusing on the past and present of mathematical thought, and explains the meaning of mathematics and the relationship between mathematics and mathematics and other natural sciences.

4. G. Polya: Mathematics and Conjecture

Mathematics and Conjectures (Volume 1) involves not only the various disciplines of mathematics but also physics.

The book is divided into two volumes, the first volume is induction and analogy in mathematics, and the second volume is the mode of logical reasoning. Mathematics and Conjectures (Volume 1) can be read by university mathematics faculty and students, secondary school mathematics teachers, mathematics researchers, and mathematics enthusiasts.

5. George Polya: "The Discovery of Mathematics".

In the book "Discoveries of Mathematics", the author uses simple language and heuristic narration methods to describe the principles of highly mathematical generalization, which will benefit readers of all levels. This kind of simple and vivid teaching fully reflects the style characteristics of a master educator.

The exercises and commentaries at the end of each chapter of this book are a continuation of the main text, and they are inseparable parts that have been carefully selected and arranged by the author and are closely related to the main text.