What are the types of compound feed? What are the types of feed

There are many types of compound feed for special wild boars, which can be classified according to the feeding object or according to the characteristics of nutrition and use.

Classification according to feeding object:

1) The compound feed for the piglets is based on the three stages of compound feed for the piglets and wild pigs weighing 1 5 kg, 5 10 kg and 10 20 kg.

2) Compound feed for reserve wild boar, mostly refers to compound feed for young wild boars weighing 20 70 kg.

3) The compound feed used for growing and fattening wild boars is a compound feed that is divided into three stages according to the growth stage of 20 35 kg, 35 60 kg and 60 90 kg.

4) The compound feed of female wild boar feed is divided into three kinds of compound feed according to the gestation stage: pre-gestation, post-gestation and lactation period.

5) Compound feed for breeding male wild boar is divided into compound feed for breeding period and non-breeding period according to breeding.

According to the nutritional characteristics: the feed used in special wild boars is classified according to the nutritional characteristics, which can be divided into: additive premix, concentrated feed, full price compound feed, mixed feed.

Compound feed is classified according to nutrient composition and use: full price compound feed, concentrated feed, concentrate mixture, additive premix, super concentrate, mixed feed, artificial milk or milk substitute.

1. Full price compound feed.

It is composed of a variety of single feeds, including energy feed, protein feed, vitamin feed, macromineral feed, trace mineral feed, various non-nutritive additives, etc.

2. Mixed feed.

It is made of some feed raw materials after processing and mixing, which belongs to the primary compound feed, which can be directly used to feed animals, but the use effect is not good.

3. Concentrated feed.

Also known as "balanced compound", it is mainly composed of three parts: protein feed, trace mineral feed and additive premixed feed, which is the remaining part of the full price feed excluding the energy feed, accounting for 20-40% of the full price compound feed.

4. Concentrate mixture.

It is composed of energy feed, protein feed, mineral feed and additives, mainly formulated and produced for herbivores, which does not constitute a separate diet, but supplements the part of the nutrients that are insufficient in forage.

5. Premixed feed.

It refers to a mixture of one or more additive raw materials and carriers (or diluents) mixed and mixed in proportion, also known as premixes and additive premixes. This type of feed is a semi-finished product and cannot be used directly to feed animals.

Compound feed is classified according to the shape of the feed: powder, pellet, crushed feed, extruded feed, flat feed, liquid feed, floating feed, lumpy feed.

According to the nutritional characteristics, the compound feed of pigs is divided into: additive premix, protein concentrate, and full-price compound feed.

Additive premixes are described in Part III. Protein concentrate, also known as fine, is mixed by protein feed, mineral feed and additive premix in a certain proportion, which is a semi-finished product of feed processing, and is mixed with energy feed (corn, bran) in a certain proportion to become a full-price compound feed. Concentrated feed can meet the needs of farms, professional households and farmers for decentralized breeding and self-use.

Generally speaking, these pig producers have weak technical force, processing conditions can not keep up, it is not easy to master the premix and concentrate of the coordination and processing technology, but the rural area is rich in the production capacity of feed, such as corn, bran, etc., therefore, for the majority of rural areas, buy back concentrated feed, with their own full price feed is an economical and effective way, which can save costs, easy to master, and can ensure the quality of feed. Full compound feed, also known as complete compound feed, can meet all the nutrients needed by animals - protein, energy, minerals, trace elements, vitamins and other substances. Its products can be fed directly to pigs.

The full price is relative, the nutrients contained in the compound feed and the proportion between them are in line with the nutritional needs of animals, the more the animal production potential and economic benefits can be maximized, and the full price of this kind of feed is better.

Roughage: refers to the feed with a crude fiber content of more than 18% in the dry matter and a natural moisture content of less than 60%. Green fodder:

Protein supplement: refers to feed with a crude fiber content of less than 18% and a crude protein content of more than 20% in dry matter.

1. Classification according to the physical and chemical shape of the feed.

1) Roughage: refers to feed with large volume, high fiber content, less digestible nutrients and low nutritional value, such as straw, hay, etc.

2) Green and juicy feed: refers to green crops and vegetables with high water content.

3) Concentrate feed: refers to feed with small volume, low fiber content, more digestible nutrients and higher nutritional value, such as cereal seeds, bean seeds, cake meal, etc.

4) Additive feed: The feed that does not belong to the first three is collectively referred to as additive feed, such as vitamins, minerals, etc.

2. Classification according to feed **.

1) Plant-based feed: refers to the feed made from plants, such as grains, green feed, cake, beans, etc.

2) Animal feed: refers to the feed processed from animal products, such as fishmeal, bone meal, silkworm pupa, etc.

3) Microbial feed: refers to the feed made by microorganisms.

4) Mineral feed: refers to natural and industrially produced mineral feed, such as stone powder, salt, shell powder, etc.

5) Synthetic feed: refers to the feed made by microbial fermentation, chemical synthesis and other methods, such as synthetic amino acids, urea, vitamins, etc.

International Feed Classification Methodology.

1) Roughage: refers to the feed with crude fiber content of more than 18% in dry matter and natural moisture content of less than 60%.

2) Green feed: refers to feed with a natural moisture content of more than 60%.

3) Silage: refers to silage made of fresh natural plant-based feed with a natural water volume of more than 60% and silage with an appropriate amount of bran or other additives, including semi-dry silage with a moisture content of 45-55%.

The types of feed commonly used for sheep are shown in Figure 6-1.

role="Figure 6-1 Common feed types for sheep.

There are two classification methods for feed: one is classified according to the feed **, which can be divided into plant feed, animal feed and mineral feed; The other is based on the nutritional characteristics of dry matter in feed, which divides feed into eight categories, namely roughage, green feed, silage, energy feed, protein feed, mineral feed, vitamin feed and feed additives.

Feed is promoted by the state in order to stimulate employment, and it should be raised with grains.

Production process: extruded material, granular material. Powder.

Usage traits! Full-priced, concentrated, premixed, additive.

In terms of physical form, there are liquid (liquid) bodies and solid (powdered) biological feeds.

In terms of raw materials, there are single and compound biological feeds, the latter refers to the biological feed that uses two or more raw materials as the main and is combined with auxiliary materials for compound fermentation.

In terms of nutritional characteristics, there are full and non-full biological feeds, of which non-full biological feeds include biological concentrates, biological straw feeds, biological fermented cake feed and biological feeds developed by using distiller's grains, bean dregs, sugar residues and other agricultural and sideline processing wastes.

1. Full-price material (can be tried directly), concentrate (need to be mixed with other raw materials in proportion to try).

2. Granules and powders.

Additives are divided into vitamin additives, trace element additives, and compound additives. According to the functional classification, it can also be divided into nutritional additives and non-nutritional additives.

There are two classification methods for feed: one is classified according to the feed **, which can be divided into plant feed, animal feed and mineral feed; The other is based on the nutritional characteristics of dry matter in feed, which divides feed into eight categories, namely roughage, green feed, silage, energy feed, protein feed, mineral feed, vitamin feed and feed additives.

1. Vitamin additives can promote the metabolism of livestock. 2. Trace element additives can improve feed utilization rate and increase the disease resistance of livestock. 3. Amino acid additives can make the weight of livestock rise rapidly.

4. Calcium formate additive, suitable for piglet weaning. 5. Bile acid additives can enable livestock to absorb and digest fat.

1. Vitamin additives

Vitamin feed additives include vitamin A, D2, B1, B2, D3, etc., which can promote the metabolism of livestock and maintain the normal physiological activities of livestock, which needs to be carefully selected according to the breed of livestock.

2. Trace element additives

Trace element feed additives contain copper, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus and other minerals, which have the effect of promoting growth and development and increasing disease resistance, and trace element additives can improve the utilization rate of feed.

3. Amino acid additives

Amino acid feed additives contain 18 kinds of amino acids such as lysine, methionine, glutamic acid, etc., the main varieties are earthworm meal, feather meal, feeding music, etc., adding amino acids to the feed, can make the weight of livestock rise rapidly.

4. Calcium formate additives

Calcium formate feed additive is suitable for piglet weaning, it can affect the proliferation of intestinal microorganisms, play a role in activating pepsin and improve natural metabolism, and calcium formate can improve the survival rate of piglets.

5. Bile acid additives

Bile acid is the main active ingredient of bile, bile acid feed additives can improve the activity of endogenous emulsifiers, so that the nutrition of feed is more easily absorbed by livestock, and bile acid additives can make livestock absorb and digest fat, so that their physique is healthier.

Compound feed refers to the nutritional needs of animals at different growth stages, different physiological requirements, and different production purposes, as well as based on experiments and studies on the evaluation of the nutritional value of feed, according to the scientific formula of a variety of different feeds, according to a certain proportion of uniform mixing, and according to the provisions of the process of production of feed.

Liang rents Li compound feed according to the nutritional composition and use classification:

Full price compounds, concentrates, concentrate mixes, additive premixes, super concentrates, mixtures, artificial milk or milk replacers.

Compound feed is classified according to the shape of the feed:

Powder, pellets, crushed feed, extruded feed, flat feed, liquid feed, floating feed, lumpy feed.

The development history of compound feed:

Compound feed production began at the beginning of the 20th century. After the 50s, due to the increasingly accurate understanding of the requirements of amino acids, vitamins and trace elements of livestock, antibiotics and sulfonamides were incorporated into the feed field as additives, and the production of compound feed was delayed by leaps and bounds. Its application was first popularized in Europe and the United States, and soon spread to Asia and other places.

<>1. Vitamin additives: vitamin feed additives include vitamin A, D2, B1, B2, D3, etc., which can promote the metabolism of livestock. 2. Trace element additives

Trace element feed additives contain minerals such as copper, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, etc., which have the effect of promoting growth and development and increasing disease resistance. 3. Amino acid additives: amino acid feed additives contain 18 kinds of amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and glutamic acid.

1. What are the types of feed additives?

1. Vitamin additives

Vitamin feed additives mainly include vitamin A, D2, B1, B2, D3, etc., which can promote the metabolism of livestock and maintain normal physiological activities.

2. Trace element additives

Trace element feed additives mainly include copper, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus and other minerals, which can promote biological growth and development and increase disease resistance, and trace element additives can also improve the utilization rate of feed.

3. Amino acid additives

Amino acid feed additives mainly include lysine, methionine, glutamic acid and other 18 kinds of amino acids, its varieties have earthworm meal, feather meal, feeding music, etc., adding amino acids in the feed can make the weight of livestock rise rapidly.

4. Calcium formate additives

Calcium formate feed additives are suitable for piglet weaning, it can affect the proliferation of intestinal microorganisms, play a role in activating pepsin and improving natural metabolism, and calcium formate can improve the survival rate of piglets.

5. Bile acid additives

Bile acids are the main active components of bile, and bile acid feed additives can improve the activity of endogenous emulsifiers, making feed nutrients more easily absorbed. Moreover, bile acid additives can also allow livestock to absorb and digest fats, making them healthier.

Second, what are the raw materials of feed additives?

1. The raw materials of feed additives are: copper, iron, zinc, manganese, iodine, selenium, cobalt, vitamins, etc. Feed additives can improve the nutritional value of feed, improve feed utilization, and promote animal production.

Moreover, it can also improve the physical properties of feed, increase the storage resistance of feed, protect the health of animals, improve the quality of livestock products, etc., and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving animal production performance and reducing production costs.

2. When using feed additives, it is necessary to pay attention to the characteristics, efficacy, synergistic or antagonistic effects, dosage and usage of feed additives. Then according to the age of the pig, weight, health status, etc., to do the correct use, must not be abused, must be strictly controlled according to the instructions, comply with the precautions.

3. Additives with vitamins cannot be mixed with fermented feed for storage, and they cannot be boiled for consumption. Additives must be stored in a dry, cool, dark, ventilated place, can not be exposed to the sun, damp, the general storage period can not exceed 6 months, it is best to buy and use. Vitamin additives, whether they are water or powder, should not exceed 60 °C when mixed with water, so as not to destroy the active ingredients at high temperature.