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The evolution of Chinese characters has gone through the stages of oracle bone script, golden script, seal script, official script, regular script, cursive script, and line script, and regular script is widely used today, but it is still not completely finalized.
1. Oracle.
About 150,000 oracle bones and more than 4,500 words were found. These oracle bone inscriptions are extremely rich in content, involving many aspects of the social life of the Shang Dynasty, including not only politics, military, culture, social customs, etc., but also astronomy, calendar, medicine and other science and technology.
2. Jin Wen. Jin Wen refers to the text engraved on the bronzes of the Yin and Zhou dynasties, also called Zhong Dingwen. The Shang and Zhou dynasties were the age of bronze, and the ritual vessels of bronze were represented by tripods, and musical instruments were represented by bells, and "bells and tripods" were synonymous with bronze.
Therefore, Zhong Dingwen or Jin Wen refers to inscriptions cast or engraved on bronzes.
3. Big seal. The representative is the stone drum text that exists today, and is named after the book written by the Taishi Zhou when King Xuan of Zhou. He carried out reforms on the basis of the original script, and got its name because it was engraved on the stone drum, which is the earliest carved stone script that has been handed down to this day, and is the ancestor of stone carving.
It started in the late years of the Western Zhou Dynasty and traveled in the Qin State during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The font is similar to that of the Qin seal, but the configuration of the glyphs overlaps.
4. Small seal. The small seal is also called "Qin seal". Li Si of the Qin Dynasty was ordered to unify the script, and this kind of writing is the small seal. It was passed in the Qin Dynasty. The shape is long, evenly round, and it is derived from a large seal.
5. Regular script. Regular script is also known as the main book, or the true book. Its characteristics are: the shape is square, the strokes are straight, and it can be used as a model, hence the name. It began in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
6. Cursive. A type of writing style of Chinese characters. Formed in the Han Dynasty, it evolved on the basis of official scripts for the simplicity of writing.
7. Writing books. A font between regular script and cursive script, which can be said to be the cursive or cursive script. It was created to compensate for the slow writing speed of regular script and the difficulty of legible cursive script. Bridge locust.
Extended Info Friends:
Origin of Chinese characters:
Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "Cangjie creates words".
Cangjie was very clever and studied more complex note-taking methods from the beginning of knotting ropes. Then he studied figurative accounts, and gradually hieroglyphs were born.
In fact, according to the traditional Chinese theory, it was supposed to be the cultural knowledge sent down by God to improve the life skills of primitive humans, and in order to be acceptable to the people at that time, hieroglyphs were first used, and then gradually evolved into modern writing.
The oldest writing that can be seen today is the Shang Dynasty inscription on oracle bones and cast on bronze objects. In this way, the Shang Dynasty was already a very developed script, so it can be inferred that the era of the original writing should be long before the Shang Dynasty, that is, the Xia Dynasty or earlier than the Xia Dynasty.
The origin of Chinese characters is an abstract and square-shaped symbol represented by the carved characters on the painted pottery of the Dadiwan site in Gansu Province. The other type is the symbol of the zodiac pictogram represented by the inscription on the oracle bone of the Jiahu site in Henan.
The former evolved in an orderly manner into a series of carved symbols on the Jiangzhai village of Lintong in Banpo, Xi'an, and the latter developed into an image on the pottery of Dawenkou.
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Beginning with the Yin Shang Dynasty, which had written objects, the evolution of Chinese characters went through eight stages: oracle bone script, golden script, large seal, small seal, official script, regular script, cursive script, and line script.
There are two trends in development: one is stability and change, and the other is from complexity to simplification.
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1. The origin of Chinese characters.
Chinese characters have a long history. It is one of the oldest scripts in the world, and one of the only surviving square scripts. As early as more than 6,000 years ago, in the late stage of primitive society, the ancestors of the Han nationality carved symbols on various utensils to remember things, and then gradually evolved into Chinese characters.
Chinese characters are derived from pictures and are readable drawings called "character pictures" or "picture characters". Later, the drawings became more and more symbolic, and gradually detached from the pictures to form pictographic Chinese characters.
2. The basic context of the evolution of Chinese characters.
In the process of long-term evolution, Chinese characters have undergone a development process from oracle bone inscriptions to golden scripts, seal scripts, official scripts and regular scripts, and gradually formed modern Chinese characters. The emergence of Lishu was a watershed moment between ancient and modern writing.
3. The Evolution of Chinese Characters.
The general trend of the evolution of Chinese characters is from complex to simplified, and the glyphs and fonts of Chinese characters are gradually standardized and stabilized. The evolution of Chinese characters can be divided into two stages: ancient and modern characters. In the paleographic stage, the sequence of the evolution of Chinese characters is oracle bone inscription, Jin script, seal script, and Qin Li.
In the modern writing stage, the sequence of the evolution of Chinese characters is Lishu and Kaishu. Lishu was prevalent in the Han Dynasty. The Wei and Jin dynasties were the stage of passing through the Yinhuai crossing from the official script to the regular script.
Regular script prevailed in the Sui and Tang dynasties. Lishu and regular script are formal fonts. In today's writing stage, that is, the Likai stage, there are also auxiliary calligraphy styles - cursive and line script.
The small seal fixes the number of strokes and glyphs of each character. Lishu formed a new pen shape system, the glyph gradually changed from a circle to a square, and the strokes changed from curved to straight. After the birth of regular script, the glyph font of Chinese characters was stabilized, the shape of the pen was further standardized, and the number of strokes and stroke order of each character were also fixed.
With the advent of regular script and the requirement of neat writing of multiple lines of Chinese characters, the squares of Chinese characters have been stereotyped, and the length and thickness of the strokes of the Chinese characters have been constrained in the box, the parts and densities of the distribution of the strokes have also been restricted, and the structure of the characters has been balanced and symmetrical. For more than a thousand years, regular script has been the standard font for Chinese characters. This is the mainstream of the evolution of the Hanjing dongzi font.
The development of auxiliary fonts cursive and xingshu is a tributary of the evolution of Chinese character fonts.
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Chinese characters, also known as Chinese characters, Chinese characters, and national characters, is a script widely used in the Chinese character cultural circle, belonging to the ideogram morpheme syllabic script, invented and created and improved by the Chinese people in ancient times, and the current exact history can be traced back to the oracle bone script of the Shangcha Zen Dynasty about 1300 BC. Then to the small seal of the Qin Dynasty, it was named "Huizhao Chinese Characters" in the Han Dynasty, and it was later turned into the handwritten font standard used today in the Tang Dynasty - Kaishu. Some scholars consider the former Qing rent as one of the key elements that have maintained the long-term unification of the north and south of China, and some scholars list Chinese characters as the fifth greatest invention in China.
Chinese characters have been the main official language in all Chinese dynasties. Regarding the history of Chinese characters, based on the existing ancient documents and archaeological discoveries that have been confirmed, it has a history of at least 5,000 years, and the history of the origin of Chinese characters is the beginning of ancient Chinese civilization, so we usually say that the Han people have a history of 5,000 years of civilization.
Archaeological and documentary records show that Chinese characters originated in the Yangshao culture period of the Neolithic Age, about 4000 BC, and began to enter the stage of character accumulation in 2000 BC, and a fairly systematic writing system has been formed in the Shang Dynasty.
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Answer] Naving: a
The evolution process of Chinese characters is the seven-bridge eggplant rock script, such as oracle bone script, large seal, Minyu small seal, official script, regular script, cursive script and line script.
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