There are no cold people in the upper grade, and there are no scholars in the lower grades? The Clan

It is a scholar clan, it should be a high-grade non-cold family, and a low-grade non-scholar clan, which is talking about the structure of the bureaucracy under the Eastern Jin Dynasty gate valve system, and generally obtains the right to be an official through Zuyin, so this situation occurs.

Shiclan, it is said that there are no children of the poor in the upper society, and there are no children of the nobility in the lower society, it is the Wei and Jin dynasties, at that time, the hierarchy was very strict, the cold door is the cold family, and reading can only be done by the nobles.

Now it can also be understood as "power family".

Scholars, Son of Heaven - Princes - Doctors - Scholars.

Three ways to write: 1·" There is no cold door in the upper grade, and there is no family in the lower grade";

3·“ There is no cold door in the upper grade, and there is no gentleman in the lower grade".

Family: It is a family that has been an official for generations.

Powerful Family: It is a very powerful family.

Shi clan: It is the rank of the family of the gentry who was different from the common people and formed a special class during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

The lower grade is the lower three products of the "nine products in the middle" system of the ancient official product system, that is, the three products of the upper grade, the lower middle and the lower grade, which belong to the low official product.

Source: "The Biography of Liu Yi in the Forty-fifth Book of the Jin Dynasty": "It is a family with no cold door at the top grade and no power at the lower grade." ”

Cao Pi's "Nine Grades Zhongzheng System" has undergone considerable changes in the Western Jin Dynasty. The main reason is that the position of the central official is mostly held by bureaucrats from the family gatelords, and this system has become an important tool for them to cultivate the private power of the gatekeepers. Yin Zhuo once said to Emperor Wu of Jin:

The election of the cabinet was in vain. Nine products visit people, only ask Zhongzheng. Therefore, according to the high-grade people, the descendants of non-Gong and Hou should be the Kundi of Tu (Tu).

The two of them are reluctant, then they are handsome and handsome, and there is no one who sinks by land! (Jin Shu Duan Zhuo Biography).In this way, the Jiupin Zhongzheng system is no longer a real way to select talents, so there is no Han in the upper grade, and there is no scholar in the lower grade (Jin Shu Liu Yi Biography), the emergence of this situation has accelerated the formation of the scholar system, and it is also an important reason why the politics of the Western Jin Dynasty are rapidly going dark.

The upper grade has no cold door and the lower grade has no scholars, reflecting the hierarchy of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties periods.

There is no cold door in the upper grade, and there is no scholar in the lower grade. This refers to the "Nine Products Zhongzheng System" system implemented during the Wei and Jin dynasties. It means that as long as you are born in a high-class family, no matter how poor your talent and morality are, you can successfully become a big official; If you are born into an inferior family, no matter how good your talent and morality are, you will not be able to become a big official.

The Jiupin Zhongzheng System, also known as the Jiupin Official Law, was an important system for electing officials during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and was the opinion of Cao Pi Shangshu Ling Chen Qun, and later all participants basically followed this unwritten rule. Cao Pi ordered Chen to formulate a system of legal significance in the first year of the early Huang dynasty (220). This system gradually became complete in the Western Jin Dynasty, and changed during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

From the beginning of Cao Wei to the establishment of the imperial examination in the Sui and Tang dynasties, this period existed for about 400 years.

The Jiupin Zhongzheng system inherits the two Han Dynasty inspection system, and the imperial examination of the Sui and Tang dynasties occupies a very important position in the history of China's ancient Chinese political system, and is one of the three official systems in China's feudal society.

The Jiupin Zhongzheng system generally refers to the election of one person by each state and county, and the elected Dazhongzheng must be a person who is in **office** and has a high moral name. The big zhongzheng then produces the small zhongzheng. Zhongzheng is the official title of the evaluation talent.

After the large and small are generated, a talent survey form is distributed by **, in which the talents are divided into nine grades, upper, upper, upper, middle, lower.

This table is registered by the local large and small people in the middle of the country with their own knowledge, whether they are in exile or not, and the list details the annual records, respectively, and adds comments. After reviewing and submitting the form to the Ministry of Officials, the Ministry of Officials will carry out the promotion and dismissal of officials.