What was the earliest use of aluminum in Chinese history?

It is recognized as being discovered by the German chemist Wühler in 1827.

In 1825, the Danish scientist Oster published an article saying that he had refined a piece of metal with a color and luster somewhat like tin.

He made aluminium chloride by passing chlorine through a mixture of red-hot charcoal and bauxite (alumina), and then let potassium amalgam react with aluminium chloride to obtain aluminium amalgam.

A metal is obtained by steaming the mercury in aluminum amalgam in isolation from the air.

Now it seems that what he got was an impure metal aluminum.

The experiment was ignored because the magazine in which the article was published was not well-known, and Oster was busy with his own research on electromagnetic phenomena.

Two years later, the honor of refining aluminium went to the young German chemist Wei ().

Oster was a friend of Wüller, and he told Wühler about the process and results of the experiment in the preparation of aluminum, and said that he planned not to continue the experiment in refining aluminum.

Weller, on the other hand, was intrigued.

He began to repeat Oster's experiments and found that when potassium amalgam reacts with aluminum chloride, it can form a gray slag.

When the mercury contained in the slag is distilled, a lump of metal of the same color as iron is obtained.

When this metal block is heated, it also produces smoke from potassium burning.

Wühler wrote all this to Betzerius, informing him that Oster's experiment had been repeated, but that it was not possible to make metallic aluminum, which was not a good way to make metallic aluminum.

So, Wühler started from scratch and devised his own method for refining aluminum.

He reacted hot potassium carbonate with boiling alum solution, washed and dried the obtained aluminum hydroxide, mixed it with charcoal powder, sugar, oil, etc., and mixed it into a paste, and then placed it in a closed crucible to heat it to obtain the sinter of alumina and charcoal.

This sinter is heated to the point of red-hot and dry chlorine gas is introduced to obtain anhydrous aluminum chloride.

A small amount of potassium metal is then placed in a platinum crucible, covered with an excess layer of anhydrous aluminum chloride on top of its pot, and the reactant is covered with a crucible lid.

When the crucible is heated, it will soon reach the level of white heat, and after the reaction is completed, let the crucible cool, put the crucible into the water, and find that the mixture in the crucible does not react with water, and the aqueous solution is not alkaline, and it can be seen that one of the reactants in the crucible - metal potassium has been completely functioned.

The remaining mixture is a gray powder, which is the metal aluminum.

At the end of 1827, Wühler published an article describing his method of refining aluminum.

At the time, the aluminium he refined was granular, no larger than a needle.

But he persisted in the experiment, and finally refined a dense piece of aluminum, which took him eighteen years of thinking.

In addition, he used the same method to make metal beryllium.

The English name of aluminum comes from alum, that is, sulfate complex salt kal(SO4)2·12H2O.

In prehistoric times, humans had already used clay containing aluminium compounds (Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O) to make pottery. Hidden thoughts.

The content of aluminium in the earth's crust is only quietly followed by oxygen and silicon, ranking third.

However, due to the weak oxidation of aluminum compounds, aluminum is not easy to be reduced from its compounds, so it is difficult to separate metallic aluminum.

After the Italian physicist Volta's invention of the battery, Davy tried to use an electric current to separate the metal aluminum from the bauxite, but he suggested that it be named "alumium", which was later changed to "aluminum", and soon the stove was repaired and decorated with aluminium.

This form is used all over the world, with the exception of North America, where the American Chemical Society (ACS) decided in 1925 to use the term "aluminum" in its publications.

The Danish chemist Oster used dilute potassium amalgam to react with aluminum chloride to isolate impure metallic aluminum for the first time.

In 1827, the German chemist Wuler repeated Oersted's experiment and continued to improve the method of producing aluminum.

In 1854, the German chemist Deville used sodium instead of potassium to reduce aluminum chloride to make aluminum ingots.

For some time to come, aluminium was a treasure enjoyed by the imperial aristocracy.

The French Emperor Napoleon III used aluminum forks at banquets; The King of Thailand used aluminium bracelets.

At the Paris Exposition in 1855, it was exhibited with the Crown Jewels, with the label "** from clay".

In 1889, Mendeleev also received a gift from the London Chemical Society for vases and cups made of aluminium.

By the end of the 19th century, the ** of aluminum had fallen a thousandfold.

First of all, due to the fact that in the 70s of the 19th century, Siemens improved the generator, and there was cheap electricity; This is followed by due to the French heroult and the American c m.Hall separately developed a method for electrolysis of alumina dissolved in cryolite (Na3ALF6) in 1886.

They were both 22 years old at the time.

This initiative led to the mass production of aluminium and laid the foundation for today's industrial approach to electrolytic aluminium in the world.

So far, all kinds of aluminum products have been widely used in thousands of households.

Due to the strong activity of aluminum, it is not easy to be reduced, so it was discovered late. After the Italian physicist Volt created the battery in 1800, the British chemist David and the Swedish chemist Betsilius both tried to separate aluminum from bauxite using electric current in 1808 and 1810, but they were unsuccessful. Bezirius, however, gave the unattained metal a name: Alumien.

This is from the Latin word alumen. In medieval Europe, the term was a general term for astringent alum, which referred to the mordant used to dye cotton fabrics. It was from this that the later Latin name for aluminium and the element symbol AL were derived.

In 1825, the Danish chemist Osder published an experiment to produce aluminum. In 1827, the German chemist Wooler repeated Osder's experiment and continued to improve the method of producing aluminum. In 1854, the German chemist Deville used sodium instead of potassium to reduce aluminum chloride to make ingot metal aluminum.

The mining of bauxite began in France in 1873, and the production of alumina from bauxite began in 1894, using the Bayer method, and the production scale was only more than 1t per day. By 1900, countries such as France, Italy and the United States had a small amount of bauxite mined, producing only 90,000 tons a year.

Thanks to Shanghai Ai Ai Ai Metal and Comrade Qian Yiyue (the answer is to integrate from them and add some personal acquaintances, but they account for most of the whole text).

Relative to other metals, aluminum was discovered relatively late. Sir Humphrey Davy first used the word "aluminum" in 1808 and began experimenting with the production of aluminium. In 1825, Danish chemist Hans Oster successfully used potassium to reduce aluminum from aluminum chloride.

In 1827, Friedrich Wühler used potassium to reduce molten anhydrous aluminum chloride to obtain a purer elemental metallic aluminum. Due to the difficulty of obtaining it, the ** higher than the ** of aluminum at that time, ordinary people could not afford to use aluminum products, and it was limited to a very small number of royal nobles.

DeVille purified the Weiler process in 1846 and published it in a book in 1859. As a result, aluminum** has been reduced by 90% in ten years. In 1886, Charles Martin Hall and Paul Erou independently discovered the electrolytic aluminium production method named after the Hall-Erou method.

In 1889 Karl Josef Beyer continued to optimize this process. Aluminum products have been able to enter public life. To date, this method is still the main means of large-scale industrial aluminum production.

Alumina was made into aluminum by electrolysis in the laboratory in 1808, and has been used as a building material on the spire of the Washington Monument in 1884. Aluminum alloy materials synthesized by adding various metal elements have been widely used in the construction industry in various links.

In 1908, Alcoa invented electrical aluminum alloy 1050 and made it into a steel-core aluminum stranded wire, creating a pioneer in high-voltage long-distance power transmission.

In 1915, Alcoa invented alloy 2017 and alloy 2024 in 1933, which enabled the rapid expansion of the application of aluminum in aircraft. In 1933, Alcoa invented alloy 6061 and then created the extruder quenching process, which significantly expanded the application range of extruded profiles.

In 1943, Alcoa invented alloy 6063 and alloy 7075, creating a new era of high-strength aluminum alloys.

In 1965, Alcoa invented A356 cast aluminum alloy, which is a classic cast aluminum alloy.

With the in-depth research on aluminum alloy materials, the use of high-strength aluminum alloy series in commercial aircraft with its excellent comprehensive performance has reached more than 80% of its structural quality, so it has been widely valued by the global aviation industry. Aluminum alloy began to be gradually used in life, military, science and technology.

In 1908, Alcoa invented electrical aluminum alloy 1050 and made it into a steel-core aluminum stranded wire, creating a pioneer in high-voltage long-distance power transmission.

In 1915, Alcoa invented alloy 2017 and alloy 2024 in 1933, which enabled the rapid expansion of the application of aluminum in aircraft. In 1933, Alcoa invented alloy 6061, and then created the extruder quenching process, which significantly expanded the application range of extruded profiles.

In 1943, Alcoa invented alloy 6063 and alloy 7075, creating a new era of high-strength aluminum alloys.

In 1965, Alcoa invented A356 cast aluminum alloy, which is a classic cast aluminum alloy.

With the in-depth research on aluminum alloy materials, the use of high-strength aluminum alloy in commercial aircraft with its excellent comprehensive performance has reached more than 80% of its structural mass, so it has been widely valued by the global aviation industry. Aluminum alloy began to be gradually used in life and technology.