What is the difference between rhetoric and figure of speech, and what is figure of speech

1. Rhetoric - embellishment of words; Composition; It also refers to words or modifiers.

Repair"It means to embellish"Words"Originally, it meant the words of debate, and by extension, the words of everything.

The original meaning of rhetoric is to modify speech, that is, in the process of using language, using a variety of linguistic means to obtain the best possible expression effect.

2. Figures of speech are long-term forms of speech patterns with specific structures, specific methods, and specific functions, which are recognized by the society and meet the requirements of a certain clustering system, also known as cases, cases, and patterns of speech, formed by people in the process of organizing, adjusting, and modifying language to improve the effect of language expression. Figures of speech, often used alone in grammatical expressions, can also be used in combination. There are more than 20 common figures of speech.

Metaphors, borrowings, puns, quotes.

The figure of speech is a special method of modification and depiction used to enhance the expression effect of speech, which is a speech pattern with a specific structure, a specific method, a specific function, recognized by the society, and in line with the requirements of a certain clustering system, which is formed by people in the process of organizing, adjusting and modifying the language to improve the effect of language expression. The "Rhetorical Fafan" lists 38 types, that is, the cases of speech on (Category A) materials: metaphor, borrowing, contrasting, facsimile, puns, quotations, imitations, conjunctions, transfers, and altogether.

9 types; (Category B) Artistic conception: analogy, irony, manifestation, exhortation, extravagance, reversal, euphemism, obscurity, questioning, exclamation, a total of 10 kinds; (Category C) Lexical cases: analytical, Tibetan words, flying white, mosaic, overlapping, constricting, omitting, warning, twisting, transversion, palindrome, a total of 11 kinds; (D) chapter and sentence case:

Repeated, dual, ranked, layered, intricate, true, inverted, jumped, altogether.

8 types. Rhetoric is the meaning of modifying words in order to improve the effect of language expression. Conceptually, there are three meanings:

One refers to the manner, method, or technique of using language (i.e., "rhetorical device"); second, refers to the behavioral activity of actively adjusting language in speaking and writing (i.e., "rhetorical activity"); Three refers to rhetoric or rhetorical writings.

In the above sense, figure of speech is a mode of speech, and rhetoric is a technique, means, and activity.

The figure of speech is the figure of speech.

Copy. The rhetorical hand bai method is a collection of expression methods used in various articles or application essays to improve the expression effect.

Including metaphor, white drawing, analogy (also known as analogy, divided into anthropomorphism, simulacrum), foil (backing, foiling), overlapping words, top truth (also known as thimble, beads), contrast, duality (battle, team battle, row couple), rhetorical question, rhetorical language, etc.

Rhetorical devices are ways to improve the expression of language by modifying and adjusting sentences, and using specific forms of expression.

Specific rhetorical devices:

1. Ranking. Arrange three or more sentences that are similar in structure and length, consistent in tone, related in meaning, or the same.

Function: Strengthen the tone and atmosphere of the language, strengthen the rhythm of the article, better organize, and be more conducive to expressing strong feelings (expression effect). Enhance the tone of speech, highlight a certain feature of something, and express a certain emotion of the author.

2. Duality. A pair of phrases or sentences with an equal number of words, the same or basically the same structure, and symmetrical meanings, expressing two opposite or similar meanings.

Function: neat and symmetrical, strong sense of rhythm, highly generalized, easy to remember, and aesthetic.

3. Rhetorical question. It is also known as questioning, cross-examination, and cross-examination. Use the question form to express the definite meaning, use the positive form rhetorical question to express the negative, use the negative form to express the affirmation, only ask but not answer, and the answer is implicit in the rhetorical question.

Function: Strengthen the tone, make people think deeply, stimulate the reader's feelings, deepen the reader's impression, and enhance the momentum and persuasiveness of the text.

Some special methods of embellishment and depiction used by figures of speech in order to enhance the expressive effect of speech. It is also known as lexical form and rhetorical style. Chinese rhetorical writings often list a variety of figures of speech; The names of figures of speech are the same as the real or the same as the real and the same; How figures of speech divide into broad categories is more divided.

The figures of speech and their classifications listed in Chen Wangdao's "Rhetorical Fa Fan" are more representative, and most of the treatises on general rhetoric have added or subtracted variations on this basis. "Rhetoric Fafan" lists 38 types, that is, the case of words in materials (Category A): metaphor, borrowing, contrasting, facsimile, pun, quotation, imitation, conjunction, and transfer, a total of 9 types; Artistic conception of the case (Category B):

There are 10 kinds of analogy, irony, manifestation, appeal, extravagance, reversal, euphemism, embellishment, questioning, and exclamation; Words on the form of words (category C): analysis, Tibetan words, flying white, mosaic, overlapping, condensation, elision, warning, twisting, transfer, palindrome, a total of 11 kinds; Lexical cases on chapters and sentences (type D): repetition, duality, arrangement, layering, intricacy, top truth, inversion, jumping, a total of 8 types.

Each figure of speech has its own characteristics, but there are similarities between figures of speech, and there are interactions between figures of speech. For example, exaggeration (extravagance) can also be expressed by metaphor, substitution, or analogy. Figures of speech are rhetorical devices that are common in all languages, but figures of speech in different languages have different national characteristics.

The characteristics of Chinese figures of speech are closely related to the language and writing of the Han people. Figures of speech such as duality, palindrome, top truth, overlapping, and word analysis can illustrate this point. Because the Chinese word monosyllabic and two-syllable accounts for the vast majority, and Chinese is a tonal language, it is convenient to form a figure of speech such as duality; Since word order is an important grammatical device in Chinese, it is convenient to form figures of speech such as palindrome and top truth. Because Chinese words have a relatively well-developed overlapping form, they can be used to form a compound figure of speech; Due to the characteristics of Chinese characters, they can be used to form a figure of speech for analyzing or splitting characters.

Closely related to Chinese characters is not limited to the above figures of speech; Some figures of speech are also related to national culture and social customs, but the relationship with the Han language is particularly obvious. The national characteristics of Chinese figures of speech are precisely the more concentrated, more prominent, and more colorful expression of the characteristics of the Han language.

Figures of speech are speech patterns with specific structures, specific methods, and specific functions, recognized by society, and in the process of organizing, adjusting, and modifying language to improve the effect of language expression, also known as cases, cases, and forms of speech. [

1. Contrast

It is a method of comparing two things or two aspects of the same thing side by side.

Function: It can make the language colorful, and the nature and characteristics of things are more distinct and prominent.

2. Duality. A pair of phrases or sentences with the same or similar structure and an equal number of words are symmetrically arranged to express relative or similar meanings.

Function: It is neat and symmetrical, with a strong sense of rhythm, highly generalized, and beautiful.

3. Parables. It is a rhetorical method of using a concrete, superficial, and familiar thing or situation to illustrate another abstract, esoteric, and unfamiliar thing or situation. There are three forms of metaphor, metaphor, and metaphor.

Fourth, borrowing. does not directly name the person or thing to be said, but borrows a name that is closely related to the person or thing instead, such as replacing the whole with a part; Replace abstraction with concrete; substitution of features for ontology; Use proper names instead of generic names, etc.

Function: It can be associative, the image is prominent, vivid, concrete, and makes the characteristics more distinct.

5. Repetition. A way to make the same word or sentence appear again and again, depending on the need for expression. Repetition can be continuous or spaced.

Function: Highlight thoughts, emphasize feelings, and sometimes strengthen the sense of rhythm.

It is divided into the following ten categories:1. Metaphor: metaphor, irony and borrowing.

2. Quasi-exaggeration: analogy, imitation (imitation), manifestation and exaggeration.

3. Comparison class: contrast (contrast), duality, ranking and layering.

Fourth, embedding: repeated, overlapping, intricate and inlay.

Fifth, the beads: palindrome and top truth.

6. Straight talk: aphorisms, questions, exclamations and exhortations.

7. Songs: puns, tactfulness, avoidance, bending, suppression, rhetoric and jumping.

8. Citations: quotations, dictionaries, imitations, omissions, condensations and Tibetan words.

9. Adaptation class: linkage, transfer, name, sequence change and inversion.

10. Other categories: word analysis, flying white (non-other), transfer to ** products), downgrade, color change and conversion.

The broad categories of rhetorical devices include:

Rhetorical figurative, white drawing, analogy (also known as analogy, divided into anthropomorphism, simulacrum), avoidance, transformation, layering, liner (lining), foil (backing, foiling), inverted, inverted, overlapping, overlapping words, top true (also known as thimble, bead), contrast, duality (battle, team battle, row couple), renovation, repeat, rhetorical question.

Irony, imitation, imitation, flying white, sub-inheritance (and mention, co-narrative, co-saying); Overlapping intricacy, compound partiality, sharing, co-speaking, calling, intertextual, intertextual, conversion, loop, palindrome, degrading, borrowing, questioning, ambiguity, arrangement, linkage, facsimile, list, conjunction, exaggeration, warning, manifestation, puns, tautology, overlapping, referencing, allusion.

Quotation, transfer, truth, homonym, after break, symbolism, mosaic, word analysis, euphemism, euphemism, synaesthesia (transference, transference), jumping, transliteration. There are 63 types in total.

1. Similes

The way in which the simile is composed is that both the ontology and the metaphor appear, and the middle is connected by metaphors such as "like, like, like, as if, as if, as if".

For example, they have been working with small boats since they were children, and they can sail as fast as weaving cloth and sewing through needles.

2. Metaphor

Metaphor is also called "metaphor". Both ontology and metaphor also appear, connected by metaphors such as "to become, to become, to become, to be equal to".

For example, the essay on survival must be a dagger, a spear, and something that can fight a bloody way of survival with the reader.

3. Borrowing metaphors

The metaphor does not speak of the ontology at all, or does not say it in the present sentence, but uses the metaphor directly where the ontology should appear.

For example, the most in China is vain: instead of beating the water dog, it will be bitten by the dog. However, this is actually an honest person who suffers by himself.

4. Anthropomorphism

Write about things as people, and give "things" people's words, deeds, thoughts and feelings.

Example: The stars in the sky are blinking and laughing.

5. Borrowing

If you don't directly say the name of someone or something, and replace it with a name that is closely related to it, this kind of case is called borrowing, also known as "changing names". For example, the "red scarf" is used instead of the Young Pioneers. The thing that is replaced is called the ontology, and the thing that is used to replace is called the borrowed body.

Embellished rhetoric.

Repair"It means to embellish"Words"Originally, it meant the words of debate, and by extension, the words of everything. The original meaning of rhetoric is to modify speech, that is, it can imitate the use of multiple linguistic means in the process of using language to obtain the best possible expression effect.

Rhetoric is closely related to a nation's cultural traditions. Influenced by the Chinese cultural tradition, it is widely used in Chinese rhetoric"than", the use is both poor and widespread. Chinese rhetoric is mainly neat and symmetrical, supplemented by unevenness.

Chinese rhetoric is divided into fiction and reality, and the conscious use of the idea of fiction and reality in language expression to achieve a certain effect is another characteristic of Chinese rhetoric.

Figures of speech are ways and methods to modify and adjust sentences and use specific forms of expression to improve the role of language expression.

There are eight common figures of speech, namely: metaphor, analogy, borrowing, exaggeration, duality, comparison, question, and rhetorical question.

1. The meaning is different.

Rhetoric, i.e., rhetoric or embellishment. "Repair"It means to embellish"Words"Originally, it meant the words of debate, and by extension, the words of everything. The original meaning of rhetoric is to modify speech, that is, a language activity that can use multiple linguistic means in the process of using language to obtain the best possible expression effect.

Figures of speech generally refer to rhetorical devices, which are used in various articles or applied essays to improve the effect of expression, and are a collection of expression methods in language writing.

2. The scope is different.

Rhetoric, in a narrow sense, refers to the rhetoric of words; In a broad sense, it includes the layout of the article, the whole process of word choice and sentence formation, and also includes language and rhetoric. A collection of expression methods that improve the effect of expression, used in various articles or application essays, and in language writing. The range is wide, including figures of speech.

The figure of speech includes only the rhetorical devices of a sentence or text, and the scope is narrower.

3. Features. Rhetoric: "Than" is used a lot in rhetoric, which is both used more and widely; Chinese rhetoric is mainly neat and symmetrical, supplemented by unevenness. Chinese rhetoric is divided into fiction and real writing, and it is another characteristic of Chinese rhetoric to consciously use the idea of fiction and reality in language expression to achieve certain results.

Figures of speech: The operation of rhetoric, covering all methods, there are 63 categories of rhetorical lead and 78 subcategories. By modifying and adjusting sentences, the use of specific forms of expression to improve the effect of language expression.

Figures of speech and figures of speech are two related but not identical concepts.

Rhetoric is the discipline of rhetoric that studies how to use language effectively to influence an audience or reader. It involves the use of a variety of rhetorical devices and techniques to enhance the expressive and speaking power of language. The purpose of rhetoric is to convey thoughts, feelings, and meaning through the art of speech.

Rhetorical devices are a specific technique or technique used in rhetoric to enhance the expressive and persuasive power of language. The figure of speech is a part of rhetoric, which includes various figures of speech, such as metaphor, metaphor, comparison, rhetorical question, exaggeration, etc. Figures of speech are specific applications in rhetoric that are used to create various rhetorical effects.

In short, rhetoric is the study of how to effectively use language to influence the audience or reader, and rhetoric is a specific technique or device in rhetoric that is used to enhance the expressive and persuasive power of language. The figure of speech is the specific application of rhetoric.