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Not from the Qing Dynasty!
It is the gourmet lady of Li Yu, the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
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It's not the Qing Dynasty, the sons and daughters of Manchuria are bold by nature, how can they advocate women's foot binding when they are about to win the world? They were all learned from the Han people later.
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Yes, all bound feet. During the Qing Dynasty, Han women needed to wrap their feet, and Manchu women also wrapped their feet in private.
After the Manchu rulers came to dominate the Central Plains, they at first vigorously opposed the Han people's custom of binding their feet, and repeatedly ordered that women's foot binding should be forbidden. However, the practice of foot binding had become deeply rooted, and it had to be banned in 1668 AD (the seventh year of Kangxi). It is precisely because of this that women's foot binding reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty, and women from all walks of life, regardless of rich or poor, all bound their feet.
Even some ethnic minorities in the far northwest and southwest have been infected with the custom of foot binding.
At the same time, women's small feet have received unprecedented worship and attention. During this period, the shape and size of the feet became an important criterion for judging the beauty and ugliness of women. At that time, people from all walks of life married wives and were ashamed of women's big feet and proud of their small feet.
The saying of "three-inch golden lotus" is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and there are even those that are wrapped to less than three inches. so that there is a "hug lady" who wants others to hug in and out.
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Qing Dynasty women still have to bind their feet, butMost Manchu women do not bind their feet, but there are also a small number of will, because if you want to intermarry with the Han people, the standard of the Han people is that women should have small feet. Manchu aristocratic women generally do not bind their feet, such as the Empress Dowager Cixi, which is Tianzu.
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The reason why ancient women were required to bind their feet was entirely because of some deformed aesthetics in ancient times. Although foot binding was not explicitly mandatory, under the social atmosphere at that time, it was the consensus of every household that women's foot binding was beautiful. This was extremely harmful to the women of the time.
Foot binding is the practice of wrapping a woman's foot to limit its growth. Women's feet become progressively shorter and deformed, and they inevitably suffer great pain for a long time in the process. Think about it, when you wear a pair of shoes that are too small for your feet, it can be painful to walk even for a while longer.
The pain of foot binding is unimaginable from childhood to adulthood and even a lifetime, so it is no exaggeration to say that foot binding is inhumane torture.
In addition to being small and pointed, the tied feet should be arched, it is said that three inches are the most beautiful, called golden lotus, four inches are slightly worse, called silver lotus, and five inches are iron lotus. From the age of four or five, girls begin to bind their feet, sometimes in the wrong way, leading to infections or lifelong disabilities.
During the May Fourth New Culture Movement, famous literati such as Chen Duxiu and Lu Xun criticized this bad habit, and a new woman of the era was born, gave up this self-harming behavior, and finally gradually disappeared.
However, the timing of foot binding is not very early, and the exact time of its appearance is still controversial. Some believe that it was invented by Li Yu, the empress of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Yes, it was Li Yu, the ruler of the conquered country, who wrote "how much sorrow you can feel, like a clear spring flowing eastward".
In the Yuan Dynasty, ethnic groups other than the Han basically did not bind their feet. In the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, rulers began to praise small feet, so much so that foot binding was no longer a shame. The custom of foot binding was more prevalent in the Ming Dynasty.
Zhang Xianzhong captured women's small feet in Sichuan and piled them up into a mountain called "Golden Lotus Peak". It can be seen that foot binding was once very popular in Sichuan.
In the Qing Dynasty, Manchu women regarded "heavenly feet" as beautiful, and the rulers despised the Han people's practice of tying small feet. Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty issued a decree prohibiting women from "tying their hair and feet." Those who refused to obey continued to bind their feet, and the husband or father was sentenced to 80 sticks and 3,000 miles of exile, but with little effect.
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The purpose of binding women's feet is to imprison them, to oppress them physically and mentally, and if they don't, they will run around.
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In order to restrict women's travel, in order to let women stay at home and not go out, so they will wrap their feet. If you don't wrap your feet, then you will be ridiculed by other women and despised by other families.
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I think it's a custom that foot binding is to make the feet look good, and it will make the feet small, and if you don't wrap your feet, you will be pulled out and killed.
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Disadvantages of a woman's feet after binding:
1. Foot binding seriously affects the normal development of women's feet, resulting in foot deformities.
In the era of foot binding, women mostly compared themselves with "legless crabs". The most direct cause is the deformity of the little toes, which leads to the development of foot deformities.
2. Foot binding brings great pain to women.
The pain of foot binding, layer by layer of bone cutting, painful, especially in the initial stage of entanglement. Every time it is entangled, the severe pain is unbearable, and it is inevitable to whimper and cry. Binding is mostly in the morning and evening, so the sound of girls crying and wailing in the morning and evening has become a major tragedy in Chinese society in the era of foot binding.
3. Foot binding makes women inconvenient to move and causes acquired disadvantages.
The feet are small and difficult to walk, and they must support the wall and touch the wall at every turn, and hold the pole with a cane, and if there is a condition, the maid supports, and even 'the maid can only go to the atrium', and it is also heard from time to time that those who completely rely on others to carry their backs, if they are isolated and helpless, then it is difficult to move from this room to the adjacent other room. As for going out, even if he held a staff to support his maid, he would not be able to go far before he was out of breath.
Foot binding causes women to suffer and suffer for no reason. Difficulties hinder women's normal participation in social work and prevent women's social activities. Women are trapped in the boudoir, lonely and unheard, and lose their ability to make a living, which breeds women's dependence, arrogance and inferiority, which makes women's social status even lower.
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