What is turbocharging, what is natural breathing

Now to popularize the knowledge of automobile engines, let's look at a picture first.

The basic schematic diagram of the internal operation of an ordinary gasoline engine, the engine operation, is driven by the piston moving up and down in the cylinder to drive the crankshaft to rotate.

1.Intake process: The piston moves down while the intake valve opens.

Due to the downward movement of the piston, the space in the cylinder becomes larger, and a "vacuum pressure" (generally called "negative pressure") will naturally be generated, and the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the air pressure in the cylinder, and the air (the engine is injected outside the cylinder, which enters the "combustible mixture" that has been processed) will naturally enter the cylinder.

This is called "natural aspiration".

2.Compression process: The piston moves up, while the intake and exhaust valves are closed.

The upward movement of the piston compresses the combustible mixture in the cylinder, improves the density of the mixture, and lays a good foundation for the subsequent work.

3.Work process: the piston moves down, and the intake and exhaust valves are closed at the same time.

When the compression process causes the piston to reach near the uppermost end, the spark plug works, igniting the combustible mixture in the cylinder, and the mixture deflagrates and pushes the piston down.

4.Exhaust process: The piston moves up while the exhaust valve opens.

When the piston reaches the lowest end and starts to go up, the exhaust valve opens and the piston "presses" the exhaust gases from the cylinder out of the cylinder. Cycle.

Turbocharged, also look at a simple picture first (I drew it myself, although it is not good-looking, but it is simple and clear).

It is to exhaust the exhaust gas of the engine, lead to a nozzle, and the nozzle sprays out the exhaust gas to drive a "turbine", and the other end of the turbine shaft, connected with a compressor wheel, the speed can generally reach more than 15000 rpm), the air required by the engine is compressed, the air density is improved, and the air pressure is increased. Once the engine's exhaust valve is opened, the air intake is much more than naturally aspirated.

At the same time, once the on-board microcomputer measures the "turbine speed" to the "working speed", it will cooperate to increase the fuel supply of the engine.

As the air intake increases, the fuel supply increases, and the power of the engine naturally increases.

Turbocharging is referred to as turbo, if you see turbo or T at the rear of the car, it means that the engine used in the car is a turbocharged engine.

A turbocharger is actually a corpse air compressor that compresses air to increase air intake. It uses the inertia impulse of the exhaust gas discharged by the engine to push the turbine in the turbine chamber, and the turbine drives the coaxial impeller, and the impeller pressurizes the air sent by the air filter pipe to pressurize it into the cylinder. When the engine speed increases, the exhaust gas discharge speed and the speed of the wheel also increase, the impeller compresses more air into the cylinder, the pressure and density of the air increase can burn more fuel, and the corresponding increase in fuel can increase the output power of the engine.

The biggest advantage of turbocharger is that it can greatly increase the power and torque of the engine without increasing the engine displacement, generally speaking, the power and torque of the engine after installing the supercharger should be increased by 20%-30%. The disadvantage of the turbocharger is hysteresis, that is, due to the inertia of the impeller, it is slow to respond to sudden changes in the throttle, which causes the engine to delay the increase or decrease of power output, which is a bit unexciting for the car that wants to accelerate or overtake suddenly.

Well, in layman's terms, turbo charge is like making a hole in the furnace and reusing the original exhaust gas, because the pressure generated by the exhaust gas makes the fire more vigorous. Natural aspiration is the failure to use these exhaust gases to make the stove burn in a normal state.

I hope you can understand this explanation in layman's terms.

Turbocharged engines and self-priming engines still have their own characteristics in terms of driving experience. Self-priming engines are the longest-used and most widely used engine type. The self-aspirated engine has a soft driving feel and accelerates linearly.

The power of the engine gradually increases with the depth of the accelerator sail pedal, so the power output of the self-priming engine is smoother when starting.

Turbocharged engines have different power outputs. Before the involvement of turbos, turbocharged engines drove like a man who had not had enough to eat, soft and weak. As the engine speed increases, the power of the engine increases rapidly as the turbine begins to intervene.

When the maximum torque speed range is reached, the engine's torque suddenly peaks. At this point, you will feel that the engine is suddenly energized like a stimulant. When turbocharging is boring before it intervenes, we call it turbo hysteresis.

A lot of turbocharged engines have turbo lag, but it doesn't feel the same. In order to reduce turbo hysteresis, engineers have thought of many methods, such as the use of twin-scroll single turbines, variable section turbines, low-inertia turbines, supercharging or electronic turbine assistance, etc., all to reduce turbo hysteresis.

At present, the hysteresis of most turbocharged engines is relatively small, and some turbines are involved at 1000 rpm and reach maximum torque at 1200 rpm, so there is no serious hysteresis of the old turbocharged engines in the past, but there are still some differences compared with the linearity of the self-priming jujube hail machine.

Millions of car purchase subsidies.

Turbo advantages::

1. Increase the power of the engine. Under the condition that the engine displacement remains the same, the engine can be injected more fuel by increasing the air intake density, so as to increase the power of the engine, and the power and torque of the engine after installing the supercharger should be increased by 20% or 30%. On the contrary, under the same power output requirements, the cylinder bore of the engine can be reduced, and the volume and weight of the engine can be reduced.

2. Improve engine emissions. Turbocharger engines reduce the amount of harmful components such as particulate matter and nitrogen oxides in the engine exhaust by improving the combustion efficiency of the engine. It is an indispensable configuration for diesel engines to meet Euro II emission standards and above.

3. Provide the function of plateau compensation. In some high-altitude areas, the higher the altitude, the thinner the air, and the engine with a turbocharger can overcome the drop in engine power caused by the thin air in the plateau.

4. Improve fuel economy and reduce fuel consumption. Due to the better combustion performance of the engine with turbocharger, fuel savings of 3%-5% can be achieved.

Turbo disadvantages:

1. The disadvantage of turbocharged engines is that the maintenance cost is higher than that of naturally aspirated engines, and the highest maintenance cost is engine oil;

2. The most expensive maintenance cost of turbocharged engine is none other than the engine, because the turbocharger needs better and more expensive oil to work, and it needs oil to provide lubrication and heat dissipation every time it runs;

3. And because the speed of turbocharging is relatively high, the temperature is also relatively high, so the requirements for engine oil will naturally be relatively high;

4. This directly increases the maintenance cost of turbocharged engines, which is the biggest disadvantage of turbocharged engines. In addition, the failure rate of turbochargers is relatively high.

What are the respective advantages and disadvantages of naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines? What are the respective advantages and disadvantages of naturally aspirated and turbocharged engines? Natural aspiration means that the intake air after the engine is started depends on the natural principle to enter the oxygen, so that the gasoline combustion in the engine cylinder outputs power, and the turbo engine is to increase the air intake in the engine cylinder through turbocharging, so that the gasoline combustion is more sufficient, thereby increasing the power output of the engine.

The following is an introduction to the advantages and disadvantages of the two: 1. Turbocharging (1) Advantages: the crankshaft drives the turbofan to work to improve the air intake, the power output is fast, the supercharging interval is long, the low-speed torque is sufficient, the speed is obvious, the engine speed is the same as the fan speed without stagnation, the supercharging efficiency is high, and the engine life is not affected.

2) Disadvantages: The crankshaft drives the turbine to lose power, and the supercharging effect is not obvious. 2. Naturally aspirated engine (1) Advantages:

The durability of the engine is higher, the technology is mature, the mechanism is relatively simple, the power is smoother, and the requirements for oil products are not high. (2) Disadvantages: the technology is somewhat outdated, the same displacement power is weaker, and the speed increase and fuel economy are relatively weak.

The difference between vortex energy supercharging and natural aspiration is as follows: 1. Turbocharged engine: it is an engine equipped with a turbocharger, and its working principle is to use the exhaust gas inertia impulse discharged by the engine to push the turbine in the turbine chamber, and the turbine drives the coaxial impeller to force more air into the intake manifold through high-speed rotation, thereby improving the combustion work efficiency of the engine.

2. Naturally aspirated engine: It is a form of atmospheric pressure that presses air into the combustion chamber without passing through any supercharger. It refers to the simple passage of air through the air filter - throttle valve - intake manifold - cylinder.

3. In terms of power: under the same displacement, the power of vortex supercharging burst is obviously stronger than that of natural aspiration. 4. In terms of maintenance costs:

More power can lead to faster attenuation of performance and reliability than aspirated ones, and a little more expensive maintenance in the later stages. 5. In terms of fuel consumption: in the case of the same displacement, the fuel consumption performance of vortex supercharging is not as good as that of natural aspiration.

6. In terms of manufacturing cost: the turbocharger itself is an extra part, and because the working environment is high temperature and high pressure, the requirements for the material itself are higher, and the manufacturing cost is naturally higher than that of natural aspiration.