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It's all very strict.
This is especially true in India.
Ancient Babylon was divided into Averu (a small number of royal families, high officials, high priests and merchants, small craftsmen, etc., full citizens who owned land and enjoyed full rights, and were under the jurisdiction of the Commune), Mushchinnu (a few wealthy people had a certain private economy and even owned slaves, while the majority were poor and their status deteriorated), and slaves.
Ancient Egypt was divided into pharaohs, Hentius (dependent on the king, and managed the land granted to them by the king, and used different forms to serve the king in this or future life, among which mainly the middle and lower classes of freedmen, including craftsmen, but also dignitaries, so the Egyptian temple became a special one associated with the king, with different classes), Nisutiu (originally free, not dependent on the king's peasants, but also the land occupants handed down from the ancient collective commune, with the centralization of power in the ancient kingdom, This class became serfs in the Late Old Kingdom), Lemet (a class of freedmen who were slave-like, they were lower freedmen, small producers, and had the right to property autonomy), Mart (criminals, prisoners of war), Mylett (a class similar to Marte), Isus (slaves), Baike (servants, i.e., debt slaves).
The hierarchy of ancient China can be seen in some TV dramas.
Hope it works for you.
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Ancient Babylon. The Babylonians were divided into three classes according to the amount of power they possessed (non-property): the first was the "Averu", a free people with citizenship; Such as the king and most of the citizens of the city.
The second estate is Mushgenu, a free people without citizenship; Such as unregistered farmers in rural areas. The third estate is a slave and is a completely powerless person.
The distinction between the three levels is mainly in the status of the law. Economically, the situation of the first two estates is more complicated, because there were slave owners and non-slave owners in the Averu, and the same is true of the Mushgenu, and the difference between the two is that the Mushgenu are dependent on the royal family, including some small producers, while the slaves are entirely the property of the slave owners.
Ancient Egypt. It was a strictly hierarchical society, very similar to the "caste society" of India, or the hereditary society of the Ming Dynasty in China. The ancient Egyptians belonged to villages with the same occupation according to their families and births; The whole village community was attached to a certain temple or a certain official appointed by the pharaoh.
These associations, although they are also working people, have little interaction with each other or exchange of products. The exchange of different regions and communities was done by temples and pharaohs, etc.
In addition to the leaders of these guilds, (the more affluent foremen), they could afford to educate their children, to obtain scribes (equivalent to the Chinese imperial examination) (equivalent to Xiucai), to provide access to the temple (the Chinese equivalent of the party school), or to the pharaonic administrative system (civil servant); Otherwise, you can't change your career for the rest of your life, and there is no other way out.
Ancient India. A strict caste system is practiced, which exists mainly in Hinduism and has varying degrees of influence on both Islam and Sikhism.
In ancient India, because India was a slave society at that time, there were four classes, which were:
Brahmin (mainly in charge of religious rituals, acting as priests of different ranks. Some of them are involved in politics and enjoy a lot of political power)
Kshatriyas (the hierarchy of military and political power).
Vaishyas (commoners, engaged in agriculture, pastoralism and commerce).
Shudras (engaged in farming, animal husbandry, fishing, hunting, and other occupations that were considered lowly at the time, some of whom lost their means of production and became hired laborers or even slaves).
This is because Brahmanism preaches the supremacy of the Brahmin caste, saying that Brahma makes Brahmins with his mouth, Kshatriyas with his hands, Vaishyas with his legs, and Shudras with his feet, and prescribes social occupations for them that cannot be changed for eternity. Intermarriage between ethnic groups is not permitted, and persons of the lower rank are not allowed to engage in the occupations of the higher rank. This rigid hierarchy is seen as a symbol of ancient Indian civilization, just as the hanging gardens of ancient Babylon are a symbol of ancient Babylonian civilization.
The Chinese hierarchy is reflected in various aspects, such as architecture, dress, etiquette, etc.
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It is very strict, as can be seen from the history of China.
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But not as strict as in China now.
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The ancient civilizations of Asia and Africa mainly refer to: ancient Babylon, ancient India, ancient Egypt, and ancient China.
The common characteristics of the ancient civilizations of Asia and Africa are their location in large river basins, the establishment of a unified slave state, and the predominance of agricultural economy.
It is located in a large river basin.
Ancient Babylon was located in the basin of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, roughly the same location as present-day Iraq. Ancient India had the Ganges River. Ancient Egypt was the Nile. Ancient China was the Yellow River.
A unified slave state was established.
An ancient civilization refers to a country that has already been established. According to the materialist view of history, human society is divided into primitive society, slave society, feudal society, capitalist society, socialist society, and communist society. In the period of primitive society, there was no real state, and the emergence of the state and the development of slavery were inseparable.
It is mainly an agricultural economy.
All countries located in large river basins have relatively fertile land, abundant water, and moderate climate, which is suitable for agricultural work.
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Ancient China China is one of the earliest cradles of world civilization, and it is said that there was a state system more than 4,600 years ago (the earliest archaeological evidence shows that China had a state system as late as 3,700 B.C.), and there are written records for 3,000 years. Chinese people are accustomed to saying that China has a "5,000-year history of civilization", but in terms of historical science based on historical materials, only more than 3,000 years of China's history of faith has been recognized by the world. It is now confirmed that the birthplace of Chinese civilization is in the eastern part of the Yellow River Valley.
Ancient Egypt Egypt is one of the cradles of human civilization, and it has experienced its own Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods. The Neolithic culture of Egypt (Merimda culture on the western edge of the delta, Fayon culture in central Egypt, Tasa-Badari culture, etc.) were all mixed farming and pastoral cultures. Although it is debated when and where Egyptian agriculture originated, in the 6000-5000s BC its agricultural culture was quite developed and bronze tools were used, which laid the foundation for the early emergence of its civilization.
Ancient India is one of the four great civilizations in the world. The Indus civilization was created around 2000 BC. Around the 14th century BCE, one of the Aryans originally inhabited Central Asia entered the subcontinent and conquered the indigenous peoples.
Around 1000 B.C., a caste system based on different races and social divisions of labor began to take shape. The Mauryan Empire, which rose to prominence in the 4th century BCE, began to unify the Indian subcontinent, and in the 3rd century BCE, during the reign of Emperor Ashoka, Buddhism flourished and began to spread outward.
Ancient Babylon.
Mesopotamia (Greek: the place between the two rivers) in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers gave birth to the ancient Babylonian civilization, the earliest civilization in human history, around the 19th century BC (during the Xia Dynasty in China); The absence of a natural barrier in this region gave rise to a diverse cultural development trend in ancient Babylon. The place between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is called "Mesopotamia", which means "between two rivers", and the ancient Babylonian ruler Hammurabi called himself "a descendant of the moon god".
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Ancient Asian-African civilization, that is, the ancient Asian-African civilization in the Great River Basin.
Early human civilization was first born in the great river basins of Asia and Africa. From west to east, there have been ancient Greek and Roman civilizations on the northern shore of the Mediterranean, ancient Egyptian civilizations in the Nile River basin in North Africa, ancient Babylonian civilizations in the two river basins of West Asia, ancient Indian civilizations in the South Asian subcontinent, and Chinese civilizations in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins.
The kings of Egypt were simply pharaohs, and the pyramids made their tombs also one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Hammurabi, the sixth king of ancient Babylon, unified the two river valleys, established a powerful ** regime, and established the world's first relatively complete system. Withered sheds.
Afro-Asian Civilizations:
The ancient Afro-Asian civilization is also known as the Great River Civilization. The large river basins of ancient North Africa and Asia, with fertile fields for thousands of miles, convenient irrigation, and unique agricultural environment, have created good conditions for human survival. Ancient inhabitants have been working in these areas for a long time, living and multiplying, so the Great River Basin has become the birthplace of human civilization.
Ancient large river basins were characterized by agricultural civilization, and agriculture was the most important production sector in these regions, and it was also the economic basis for the formation and development of countries in these regions. Ancient Egypt, Babylon, ancient India, and China, which were ancient civilizations in Asia and Africa, were established and developed on the basis of an agricultural economy and showed their own civilization characteristics.
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Ancient China Yellow River Basin, Civilization Achievements are the Four Great Inventions (Compass, Papermaking, Printing, Gunpowder) Ancient Egypt Nile Valley Civilization Achievements: Pyramids, Cuneiform Ancient Babylon Two River Basins Civilization Achievements: Hanging Gardens Ancient India Indus Valley Civilization Achievements: Taj Mahal.
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Ancient Egypt (pyramids), ancient Babylon (Code of Hammurabi), ancient India (caste system), China (feudal system).
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Ancient Egypt entered a settled life in the 5000s BC; -4000 years into the period of combined use of gold and stone; The pyramid was built in ---2600---2500; --Around 3000 years ago, the initial unification of Upper and Lower Egypt began, and reliable written records began. In terms of literature, ancient Egyptian poetry includes religious poems, hymns to the past, secular poems, religious philosophical poems, metaphorical proverbs, and realistic travelogues. Architecturally, sculpting, and painting, the Great Pyramid of the Ess dynasty was the tallest building in the world until the Eiffel Tower was built in the 19th century, and was hailed as a wonder of the ancient world.
Ancient Egypt was well developed in mathematics, geometry, and astronomy, and the precise calculations of pyramid architecture illustrate the achievements of mathematics at that time.
In ancient Babylon (4000bc) around 3,500 B.C., the Sumers were the first to invent the hieroglyphs of ideograms and signifiers, which brought the two river basins into a historical era. By about 2,800 B.C., the Sumerian hieroglyphs had developed and were widely used by the Babylonians, Assyrians, and Persians, because they were mostly carved in brick, stone, or black basalt, clay tablets, etc"The pen is heavy and the imprint is deep"It is called cuneiform, also known as nail head or arrow letter. Ancient Babylonian and Mesopotamia were very advanced in mathematics and arithmetic, and around 1800 BC, the Babylonians invented the hexadecimal method and knew how to solve unary quadratic equations.
Ten numbers from 0 to 9 in ancient India (not yet Arabic numerals), Buddhism, the caste system in China, China has no ancient characters, because China has not perished
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China, Ancient India, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Babylon.
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Table of Ancient Afro-Asian Civilizations.
Ancient country names. Location (large river basin).
Representatives of civilization. Ancient texts.
Ancient Egypt. Nile River Basin.
Pyramid - the tomb of the king, a symbol of power.
Khufu the Greatest, the symbol of ancient Egyptian civilization.
Hieroglyph. Ancient Babylon.
Two river basins (Euphrates, Tigris).
Code of Hammurabi – Preservation of slavery;
Three-part composition; the world's first codified code;
Cuneiform. Ancient India.
Indus River, Ganges River Basin.
Caste system – hierarchical, non-intermarriage.
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Ancient India.
Indus River, Ganges River Basin.
Caste system – hierarchical, non-intermarriage.
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The development of Asia and Africa originated from relatively large rivers, which are generally referred to as "great river civilizations".
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It depends on the time, first the Sumerian city-state civilization, then Babylon, then Egypt, India, and China.
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Agricultural civilization represented by China, ancient Babylon, and ancient Egypt.
1.The four ancient civilizations are all large river basins, with abundant water sources and abundant precipitation. >>>More
Ancient Babylon, Ancient Egypt, Ancient India, Ancient China. >>>More
1. All in the Great River Basin.
2.have invented their own writing. >>>More
The cultures of the other three countries have been broken and have not been continued, and the ancient Chinese culture has been passed down and continues to influence the world.
The four ancient civilizations were originally ranked by the Chinese.