What is ecological architecture and what should be paid attention to in design?

Ecological buildings are also known as green buildings and sustainable buildings. Ecological architecture involves a wide range of aspects, is a multi-disciplinary, multi-type of cross-work, is a comprehensive system engineering.

Generally speaking, ecology refers to the relationship between man and nature, so ecological architecture should deal with the relationship between people, architecture and nature, and it should create a comfortable space environment for people (i.e., healthy and pleasant temperature, humidity, clean air, good light environment, sound environment and flexible and open space with long-term adaptability, etc.); At the same time, it is necessary to protect the surrounding environment - the natural environment (i.e., less demand from the natural world and less negative impact on the natural environment). Among them, the former mainly refers to the use of natural resources with less cost, including saving land, and implementing the principles of reducing, reusing, recycling, and replacing non-renewable resources with renewable resources in the selection of energy and materials. The latter is mainly to reduce emissions and properly dispose of hazardous waste (including solid waste, sewage, harmful gases) and reduce light pollution, sound pollution, etc.

The protection of the small environment is reflected in the whole process from the construction and use of the building to the end of its life. Focusing on architectural design, ecological architecture is mainly manifested in the following ways: the use of renewable energy such as solar energy, the focus on natural ventilation, natural lighting and shading, the use of a variety of greening methods to improve the microclimate, the use of long-span lightweight structures to enhance the adaptability of space, the recycling of water, the classification and treatment of garbage and the full use of construction waste.

It can be seen from the above aspects alone that no matter which aspect requires the cooperation of multiple types of work, such as structure, equipment, gardening, etc., and the cooperation of disciplines such as building physics and building materials can be realized. Architects play a leading role, and architects must conceive from the concept of ecology and integration as a whole.

It is a building that has a positive impact on the surrounding environment after construction or completely eliminates the adverse impact by means, and actively mobilizes the environmental elements around the building for the use of the building, which can be said to be a harmonious dialogue between architecture and nature.

Site environment part: 1. Protect the original ecological environment characteristics of the site. 2. Improve the green amount and ecological function of vegetation through plant allocation.

3. Adopt biological purification technologies such as constructed wetlands to treat rainwater and sewage. 4. Optimize the wind environment of the site through building layout and plant configuration. 5. Creation of site conditions for the use of shallow geothermal energy.

The main part of the building: 1Create efficient building envelope systems (high-performance insulated walls, double-glazed curtain walls, external shading, phase-change thermal storage floors or walls, vegetated roofs, vertical greening, etc.).

2.Establish an indoor environmental control system (optimization of natural ventilation and lighting, independent control of humidity and heat air-conditioning system, etc.). 3.

Optimization of energy systems (combined heat and power cooling, solar heat collection and power generation, ground source heat pumps, wind power generation, etc.). 4.Selection of structural systems (steel structures, timber structures, improved reinforced concrete structural systems, etc.).

5.Design of indoor ecological spaces (sunrooms, green atriums, sky gardens, etc.). Balance and vertical.

1. Kandanama Hotel.

Kandanama Hotel in Dambulla, Sri Lanka is home to two World Natural Heritage Sites. Sitting on the balcony of the hotel room, you can enjoy the magnificent mountain scenery. The hotel is designed on stilts and is certified under the international Energy & Eco-Design Priority Program because it is an eco-friendly design that allows rainwater to flow smoothly into the rainwater pool under the hotel, so that precious rainwater is not wasted.

These ** rainwater can provide tourists and staff with daily water for swimming, bathing, eating and drinking.

2. Ecological Tower.

The headquarters of the Commerzbank in Frankfurt, designed by British architect Forster, has been dubbed the "Ecological Tower" and "Energy Blender with Sky Garden". The 49-storey tower is surrounded by a triangular plan with a triangular atrium that acts as a large chimney to allow for natural ventilation and energy saving in the office space. It is estimated that the building has up to 60% natural ventilation.

The triangular plan maximizes sunlight and creates a good view while reducing the obstruction of adjacent buildings.